• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.21-30
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• 2007

Objective: This study was to provide a standard for the evaluation of The Korean version of Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile(K-ASP) for University students and to investigate the difference of the subjective sense recognition regarding the characteristics of sensory processing. Method: The subjects consisted of 84 University students. A researcher examined subjective sense recognition and K-ASP for subjects. Visual Analog Scale used to evaluate subjective sense recognition and K-ASP was utilized to evaluate the characteristics of sensory processing. Results: 1. The average scores and standard deviation of K-ASP were $32.93{\pm}7.88$ for low registration group, $39.39{\pm}6.55$ for sensory seeking group, $38.94{\pm}9.13$ for sensory sensitivity group, and $34.24{\pm}7.85$ for sensory avoiding group. 2. The correlation between the total score on an each quadrant and the subjective sense recognition are -.27 for low registration group, .11 for sensory seeking group, .09 for sensory sensitivity group and .12 for sensory avoiding group. It showed the statistically significant correlation between the total score of low registration and the subjective sense recognition group(p<.05). 3. The average scores and standard deviation of the subjective sense recognition were $5.22{\pm}1.56$ for high threshold and $7.28{\pm}1.70$ for low threshold. The subjective sense recognition according to the characteristics of sensory processing showed the statistically significant difference. Conclusions: This study supports the theory that there is the difference of sensory recognition according to each individual and we found that people with difficulties of sensory processing acknowledge their characteristics of sensory processing well. Evaluation of sensory processing ability through interview or questionnaire supports the fact which it is reliable.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.479-486
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of lumbar stabilization exercise on pain-related function of industrial workers with chronic low back pain and lumbar instability. 20 industrial workers with chronic low back pain were divided into two groups, control group(n=10) and experimental group(n=10). Back muscle strength, flexibility, and balance ability were measured to assess physical functions, and visual analog scale(VAS) was used to evaluate pain levels. In both groups, back muscle strength and balance ability increased significantly, and pain levels decreased significantly. In comparison between the groups, the experimental group compared to the control group showed significant improvement in balance ability and significant diminishment in pain levels. In conclusion, the lumbar stabilization exercise has positive effects on industrial workers with lumbar instability and chronic low back pain by improving balance ability and reducing pain.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.71-81
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• 2020

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to investigate the instant effect of Kinesio taping on pain decrease and improvement of functional disorder of the subjects who have lumbar instability. Methods : A total of 20 patients (13 men and 7 women) who have lumbar instability were chosen as the subjects. The experiment was conducted by assigning the subjects into Kinesio taping group and placebo taping group. A visual analog scale (VAS) was used to measure back pain and Biering-Sorensen test was applied to measure the muscle endurance of back extensor muscles. A digital dynamometer was used to test the isomeric contraction strength of lumbar extensor muscle. The subject performed single-leg stance and double-leg stance task and their static balancing ability was measured by a testing device that captures the static balancing ability. Results : In a within-group comparison, Kinesio taping group showed a significant decrease of VAS (p<.05) and a significant increase of endurance and strength of lumbar extensor muscle (p<.05). In Kinesio taping group, the shift distance in anterior-posterior sway and medial-lateral sway during the double-leg stance significantly decrease (p<.05). The shift distance in anterior-posterior sway and medial-lateral sway also significantly decreased during the single-leg stance (p<.05). Placebo taping group showed a significant decrease of visual analog scale (p<.05). In a between-group comparison, Kinesio taping group showed a significantly larger decrease of VAS (p<.05), significant larger increase of muscle endurance and muscle strength (p<.05), and significant larger decrease of anterior-posterior sway in the double-leg stance (p<.05), compared to placebo taping group. Conclusion : Application of Kinesio taping to the subjects with lumbar instability produced positive effect of reducing pain, increasing muscle strength and endurance, and improving static balancing ability.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.80-85
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• 2020

Background: Atelocollagen has been studied for restoration of rotator cuff tendon. In this study, we attempted to evaluate the clinical outcome of ultrasound-guided atelocollagen injection in an outpatient clinic for patients with partial rotator cuff tear. Methods: We recruited 42 outpatients who visited our hospital from May 2019 to September 2019. Atelocollagen injection was performed in patients with partial rotator cuff tear diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound. American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES), Constant, Korean Shoulder Score (KSS) and Simple Shoulder Test (SST) scores, and range of motion were assessed before injection and after 2 months. Statistically, we analyzed the clinical results using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: Finally, 15 patients were enrolled for analysis. There was no significant difference between pre- and post-injection in terms of range of motion, ASES (57.0 vs. 60.4), Constant (56.4 vs. 58.9), KSS (64.6 vs. 68.5), and pain-visual analog scale (4.2 vs. 3.7), except function-visual analog scale (F-VAS; 6.3 vs. 7.1) and SST (6.6 vs. 6.9). A significant difference was found in SST (P=0.046) and F-VAS (P=0.009). According to the ultrasound results at 2 months, we found hyperechoic materials in three of seven patients. The most common complication of atelocollagen injection was post-injection pain (53%, 8/15). Conclusions: Ultrasound-guided atelocollagen injection for partial rotator cuff tear showed no significant change in terms of clinical outcomes, except for F-vas and SST score. Tendon regeneration was not clear due to the remnants of atelocollagen present at 2-month follow-up ultrasound. There seems to be alarming post-injection pain for 2 to 3 days in the patients who received atelocollagen injection in an outpatient clinic.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.89-101
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to report the effect of Korean medicine treatment combined with active release technique on supraspinatus tendon partial tear. Methods : Two patients with supraspinatus tendon partial tear were treated by Korean medicine treatment in combination with active release technique. Visual analog scale(VAS), range of motion(ROM) were used to measure changes during treatment. Results : After treatment, shoulder pain and limited range of motion were improved significantly. Conclusions : Korean medicine treatment in combination with active release technique is proved to be helpful to improve the symptoms of the supraspinatus tendon partial tear patients. And, further studies will be needed.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.20-24
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• 2016

Background: Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is one of the treatment options used for patients with myofascial pain syndrome (MPS), although its effectiveness is controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of ESWT in the treatment of MPS in terms of pain relief and functional improvements. Methods: We assessed 93 patients with MPS who underwent ESWT from March 2009 to July 2014. After exclusion of 25 patients with shoulder diseases, 68 patients were enrolled in the study. The mean follow-up period was 7.5 months (${\pm}4.2weeks$), and the average duration of symptoms was 5 months (range, 2-16 months). ESWT was applied to intramuscular taut bands and referred pain areas once a week for 3 weeks. Visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) scores were obtained at an initial assessment and at the 6-week, 3-month, and 6-month follow-up assessments. Results: VAS pain scores and ASES scores improved significantly after 3 sessions of ESWT (p<0.05). Both scores were improved, although not significantly, after 6 weeks (p>0.05). Conclusions: ESWT is an effective treatment option for patients with MPS.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.13-17
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• 2017

This study evaluated the efficacy and safety to determine the therapeutic responses of oclacitinib in canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) and identified factors related to the therapeutic response. Overall, 13 dogs with CAD were treated with oclacitinib for 56 days. Owners and veterinarians assessed visual analog scale (VAS) scores of pruritus and dermatitis. The examined dogs were grouped according to treatment success and failure based on changes in the VAS scores. To identify factors related to the therapeutic responses of oclacitinib, signalments (breed, sex, age, and body weight), mean progression time of CAD, mean Owner and Veterinarian VAS scores at day 0, and preexisting infection rate were compared between the two groups. Among the 13 dogs, 7 (53.8%) met the criteria of treatment success. In the success group, the Owner VAS scores were significantly lower from day 6 to 56 compared with the score at day 0 (P < 0.05). Additionally, the Veterinarian VAS scores were significantly decreased at days 14 and 42 compared with the score at day 0 (P < 0.05). There were no changes in hematological indices after the administration of oclacitinib. The most common abnormality reported was otitis externa (30.8%), followed by pyoderma (23.1%), and vomiting (7.7%). Factors related to responses of oclacitinib were not identified. This study demonstrated that oclacitinib was safe and moderately effective in dogs with CAD. This is the first report of the clinical application of oclacitinib in South Korea.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.60 no.5
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• pp.540-549
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• 2017

Objective : To evaluate the diagnostic value of computed tomography-myelography (CTM) compared to that of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with lumbar radiculopathy. Methods : The study included 91 patients presenting with radicular leg pain caused by herniated nucleus pulposus or lateral recess stenosis in the lumbar spine. The degree of nerve root compression on MRI and CTM was classified into four grades. The results of each imaging modality as assessed by two different observers were compared. Visual analog scale score for pain and electromyography result were the clinical parameters used to evaluate the relationships between clinical features and nerve root compression grades on both MRI and CTM. These relationships were quantified by calculating the receiver-operating characteristic curves, and the degree of relationship was compared between MRI and CTM. Results : McNemar's test revealed that the two diagnostic modalities did not show diagnostic concurrence (p<0.0001). Electromyography results did not correlate with grades on either MRI or CTM. The visual analog pain scale score results were correlated better with changes of the grades on CTM than those on MRI (p=0.0007). Conclusion : The present study demonstrates that CTM could better define the pathology of degenerative lumbar spine diseases with radiculopathy than MRI. CTM can be considered as a useful confirmative diagnostic tool when the exact cause of radicular pain in a patient with lumbar radiculopathy cannot be identified by using MRI. However, the invasiveness and potential complications of CTM are still considered to be pending questions to settle.

• Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.804-813
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• 2018

Objective To elucidate the effect of a 12-week horizontal vibration exercise (HVE) in chronic low back pain (CLBP) patients as compared to vertical vibration exercise (VVE). Methods Twenty-eight CLBP patients were randomly assigned to either the HVE or VVE group. All participants performed the exercise for 30 minutes each day, three times a week, for a total of 12 weeks. Altered pain and functional ability were evaluated using the visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), respectively. Changes in lumbar muscle strength, transverse abdominis (TrA) and multifidus muscle thicknesses, and standing balance were measured using an isokinetic dynamometer, ultrasonography, and balance parameters, respectively. These assessments were evaluated prior to treatment, 6 weeks and 12 weeks after the first treatment, and 4 weeks after the end of treatment (that is, 16 weeks after the first treatment). Results According to the repeated-measures analysis of variance, there were significant improvements with time on VAS, ODI, standing balance score, lumbar flexor, and extensor muscle strength (all p<0.001 in both groups) without any significant changes in TrA (p=0.153 in HVE, p=0.561 in VVE group) or multifidus (p=0.737 in HVE, p=0.380 in VVE group) muscle thickness. Further, there were no significant differences between groups according to time in any of the assessments. No adverse events were noticed during treatment in either group. Conclusion HVE is as effective as VVE in reducing pain, strengthening the lumbar muscle, and improving the balance and functional abilities of CLBP patients. Vibrational exercise increases muscle strength without inducing muscle hypertrophy.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.87-94
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• 2019

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to compare clinical pregnancy rates in intrauterine insemination (IUI) treatment cycles with transabdominal ultrasound guidance during intrauterine catheter insemination (US-IUI) versus the "blind method" IUI without ultrasound guidance (BM-IUI). The secondary objective was to compare whether US-IUI had better patient tolerability and whether US-IUI made the insemination procedure easier for the clinician to perform compared to BM-IUI. Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial done at the Reproductive Medicine Unit of General Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. We included women aged between 25 and 40 years who underwent an IUI treatment cycle with follicle-stimulating hormone injections for controlled ovarian stimulation. Results: A total of 130 patients were recruited for our study. The US-IUI group had 70 patients and the BM-IUI group had 60 patients. The clinical pregnancy rate was 10% in both groups (p> 0.995) and there were no significant difference between the groups for patient tolerability assessed by scores on a pain visual analog scale (p= 0.175) or level of difficulty for the clinician (p> 0.995). The multivariate analysis further showed no significant increase in the clinical pregnancy rate (adjusted odds ratio, 1.07; 95% confidence interval, 0.85-1.34; p= 0.558) in the US-IUI group compared to the BM-IUI group even after adjusting for potential covariates. Conclusion: The conventional blind method for intrauterine catheter insemination is recommended for patients undergoing IUI treatment. The use of ultrasound during the insemination procedure increased the need for trained personnel to perform ultrasonography and increased the cost, but added no extra benefits for patients or clinicians.