• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.175-183
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• 2004

As the information-oriented society makes progress, the role of Image has much influence on human being in space as a medium for information delivery and a means of artistic communication. These influences are appeared as expressional characteristics of the image such as the reproducibility of reality and unreality in the real world, the synchrony of expression of time, visual formality, a sign and the transmission of moaning. For these, the investigator examined the meaning of image in aspace, taking into consideration of the interrelationship of image, space, and human being. As study findings show, the expressional characteristics of image in space have such visual effects as a space in which pictorial formality and object exists, in which the mutual understanding of communication exists, and that realizes immaterial membrane in the aspect of time and space, according to the electronic light, color, and formation of the image media. In addition, it become clear that the characteristic could be staged on various circumstances by constructing the relationship between an object and a point of time interactively with bidirectional communication through combining technology and art. This suggests that the image develops as the form of sensory communication via interacting of space and human being.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.525-534
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• 2007

Elementary students are tend to depend heavily on visual informations in the cognitive process. Thus, elementary science textbooks provide science contents mostly by inscriptions, the visual materials, with little verbal information in the limited page area. Especially, since the textbooks include many accompanying inscriptions rather than a basic inscription, it is very important to understand the relationships among many inscriptions in teaching and leaning science. Therefore, this study analyzed the status and characteristics of accompanying inscriptions used. in elementary science textbooks, and classified them according to their functions. As results, we found six types of the accompanying inscriptions such as inner part, detail, result, process, emphasis, and explanation. Accompanying inscriptions were used more frequently in the lower grade (3rd and 4th grades) than the higher grade (5th and 6th grades). We discussed the examples of each type in detail, and thus revealed some possible difficulties in understanding inscriptions caused by the inconsistency of the directions of the basic inscription and accompanying inscription, and by the absence of the sign linking the basic and accompanying inscriptions.

• 전자공학회논문지CI
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2004

인터넷 가상공간에서 서로 다른 언어 사이의 장벽을 극복하기 위한 방법으로 수화 통신 시스템이 연구되고 있다. 그러나 지금까지의 연구는 같은 유형의 아바타 만을 대상으로 하였기 때문에 모델 구조가 서로 다를 경우에는 적용할 수 없다는 문제가있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 FBML (Facial Body Markup Language)을 이용하여 서로 다른 아바타들 간의 수화 제스처 통신을 구현하는 방법을 제안하였다. 즉, FBML을 정의하여 제스처를 위한 관절각 및 얼굴 표정 등 서로 다른 아바타 모델들 사이에 전달할 내용을 표준 문서로 만들었다. 본 방법은 윈도우 플렛폼에서 Visual C++와 Open Inventor 라이브러리를 이용하여 구현하였으며, 실험 결과 언어의 장벽을 넘을 수 있는 비언어 통신수단으로 이용될 수 있는 가능성을 확인하였다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 디지털 비디오 인코딩 과정에서 인트라 프레임의 DC 성분과 인터 프레임의 움직임 벡터를 이용한 저작권 보호를 위한 디지털 비디오 화면 모호화 기법을 제안한다. 제안한 기법은 저주파 영역과 중간 주파수 영역에 민감한 반응을 보이는 HVS (human visual system)의 특성을 고려한 방법으로서, 영상의 주요 정보를 포함하는 인트라 프레임의 DC 계수와 윤곽선 움직임 정보를 포함하는 인터 프레임의 움직임 벡터의 부호를 인증 신호와 XOR 연산하여 신호를 왜곡시키고, 적합한 인증 신호를 적용한 경우에만 정상적인 화면을 볼 수 있도록 하는 기법이다. 실험은 제안한 기법을 적용한 비디오의 PSNR을 구하고, PSNR에 의해 정상적인 기능 여부를 알아본다. 실험 결과, 디코더에서 적합한 인증 신호를 적용한 경우 Y, U, V PSNR이 모두 극치 값을 나타냄으로써 원 압축 비디오와 같은 화질임을 알 수 있었고, 인증 신호를 적용하지 않은 경우 원 압축 비디오에 대한 평균 PSNR이 12.25dB을 나타냄으로써 화질 차이가 큼을 알 수 있었다. 결과로부터, 디지털 비디오 화면 모호화 기법은 정상적으로 기능하였고, 서명 또한 저작권자의 비밀 키에 의해 정상적으로 검출되어 저작권을 증명할 수 있었다.

• 조형예술학연구
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• 제2권
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• pp.193-221
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• 2000

The postmodern culture since the later 20C breaks downa tradition a relation between the reality and languages or sign images expressing it. It develops in the way to review the meaning on the object's imitation or the representation to have been followed since Plato and represent the new state and concept of expressed things. Also, The visual art leads an change of paradigm by images giving up the visual resemblance or the function of representation and endowing them with the new sense. This essay has a purpose to study an important discussion about this change centered on Baudrillard and Lacan. A sociologist Baudrillard promotes the concept of 'simulation' through detecting the reality and the social and historical state of the image. Studying on the course of this change, he calls the step that the image escapes from the stage to reflect the reality and become the pure imitation by itself simulation. The image in the stage of simulation is called 'hyperreality' because it doesn't have any an indicator or a substitute and happens by models without the original or the reality. So he asserts that art is not to contain some absoluteness or transcendency as the past, but to be as the spectacle with characteristics of meaningless, emptiness, contingency. Lacan dismantles the concept of the absolute Cogito to have become the center of the western ideology, and creates the concept of 'Other'. He concludes also the reality exists but can't be captured, and it's impossible for the thinking subject can reach it. The concept of new image which can be thought as the Symbolic in Lacan is 'Signifier without Signified' since it isn't possible to be the transcendent Signifier fixing the meaning finally in it. His 'Gaze' theory is which to be emitted in other's area determines the subject. Equally Baudrillard and Lacan sets up the new state of the image through the end of representation system As for Baudrillard, art intends to the worthlessness and is nothing but imagination. But in Lacan a picture represents the subject being in process by the dialectic of desire.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.224-230
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the grade of fatty degeneration and atrophy of rotator cuffs on immediate postoperative MRI to those on preoperative MRI in patients with rotator cuff tears. Materials and Methods: Seventy patients were included in this study, who received arthroscopic rotator-cuff repair and underwent both preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and immediate postoperative MRI in our institution. Fatty degeneration of rotator cuffs and the atrophy of supraspinatus muscles were evaluated with T1 oblique sagittal images in the Y-shaped view. Fatty degeneration was evaluated using a Goutallier classification system, and the atrophy of supraspinatus muscles was evaluated using a modified tangent sign and a visual occupation ratio. Results: From 70 patients, a total of 100 tendons were repaired: 18, 69, and 13 tendons were treated for subscapularis, supraspinatus, and infraspinatus, respectively. The Goutallier grades (P = 0.012), modified tangent signs (P = 0.000), and visual occupation ratios (P = 0.000) of supraspinatus muscles were significantly decreased in immediate postoperative MRIs when compared to preoperative MRIs. In immediate postoperative MRIs, the Goutallier grades of supraspinatus muscles were decreased by one grade in 18.8% (n = 13) of the patients, and the atrophy of supraspinatus muscles was improved by one grade in 26.1% (n = 18) for modified tangent signs and 21.7% (n = 15) for visual occupation ratios. However, fatty infiltration by the Goutallier grades of subscapularis (P = 1.000) and infraspinatus (P = 0.157) muscles were not significantly changed after arthroscopic surgery. Conclusion: Immediate postoperative MRIs showed a significant improvement of fatty degeneration and muscle atrophy in supraspinatus muscles when compared to preoperative MRIs.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제36호
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• pp.128-135
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to analyze the perception of wayfinding in public interior space. According to this study, a virtual reality simulation test was conducted to examine the effect of wayfinding. Theoretical research was used to explain the psycho-physiological effect of visual perception and case study was carried out to evaluate the physiological response of the subjects. For the physiological evaluation, two simulations with sign and color sample were chosen and the EEG was Used. Data were collected from May 15th. to June 15th. The subjects were 20 students of architecture department and frequency, percentage, ANOVA, T-test, multiple comparisons were used for data analysis.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.407-426
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• 1996

The study, "a semiotic analysis on 1930′s costume", is based on semiotic theory which analyze the meaning of signs. In the novels, "흙" and "삼대", character′s costume were used as a visual language that implies massages of character′s status, class, and the view of value. Analyzing the meaning of clothing signs, clothing could deliver the people′s informations to others and could be first things when people accept new value. The object of the studies are the novels, Hulk(흙) and Samdae(삼대) which are written by lee, Kwang-Soo and Yeom, Sang-Seob. In the novels, the social structure is classed as modern and traditional after we accept the western cultures and institutions. The traditional clothing, Han Bok, were dressed by the conservative woman. However, we could find the modernized woman dress with the western dress and the modified traditional style. According to the result of the research, we could find that clothing could be a sign which indicates value and also clothing is one of the first thing to change when people acquired new value.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.745-756
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• 1996

본 논문은 객체 지향 데이타베이스 설계의 전 과정을 지원해 주는 VODS의 설계 및 구현에 대해서 기술한다. VODS는 EOMT를 기반으로 데이타베이스 설계 과정을 수행한다. EOMT는 하이퍼미디어 객체를 다룰 수 있도록 하기 위해 OMT의 객체 모델에 정보향해 기능을 지원할 수 있도록 확장한 객체 지향 데이타베이스 설계방법론이다. 데이타베이스 설계자는 VODS의 기본 화면에서 시작하여 마우스로 적절한 아이콘과 명령을 클릭하면 서 설계의 전 과정을 수행할 수 있다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제14호
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• pp.121-129
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• 1998

It opposition to visual luxury of Post modern Architecture a new tendency characterized as 'simplicity' emerged in architecture. It seems clear that such a tendency so called Minimal Architecture has risen as a reaction to the surfeit of sign and the mixture of languages generated by postmodernism. This new simplicity is also related to the tradition of Modern Architecture and the Minimal Art Movement is 1960's. They adopted simple is also related to the tradition of Modern Architecture and the Minimal Art Movement is 1960's. They adopted simple primary Volume to avoid the main fluence on the already chaotic urban environment As a result a strong monumentality is achieved. The main interests for 'minimal' architects seem to be the making of simple structure and the repetition of modular elements to achieve an economic and efficient construction method. Transparent and honest expression is preferred instead of attaching another ornament skin on to the skeleton of the architecture.