• 복식문화연구
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.431-445
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to analyze and theorize the characteristics of femme fatale in fashion illustration since 1980. The method of this study was to analyze the documentaries for theoretical studies about femme fatale and the visual characteristics in fashion illustration works since 1980. The results of this study were as follows: Femme fatale expressed in the general realm of art was icon of fatal and seductive eroticism in late 19th century. She is composed of diverse images like mythology, exoticism, fear and sensuality. The characteristics of her image in fashion illustration were expressed into de-body image by union of animal and female body, or machine and female body, duplicity of death and sexuality, sexual decadence or abnormality and powerful masculine taste. First, de-body image by union of animal and female body, or machine and female body was expressed in transformed mythical image or bizarre and demonic image, grotesque image linked by picture of female body and painting of animal image, and cyborg image linked by machine and realistic female body by digital media. Second, duplicity of death and sexuality was expressed in juxtaposition by sexual pose, body and something metaphorical and symbolic depiction and de-constructive depiction of death. Third, sexual decadence or abnormality was expressed in fetishistic style, obscene depiction of cheap and hedonistic sexuality, masochistic depiction like antisocial and diseased sex appeal. Forth, powerful masculine taste was expressed in man's face, body, pose, masculine fashion, man's role related to crime and threatening weapon, etc. As mentioned above, femme fatale in fashion illustration was expressed in diverse images by fashion illustrator's point of view. Although she was originated by men's fantastic vision, she brings a catharsis to human being. And she is also recognized as new paradigm and positive cultural sign in our times.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2010

This study investigates the examples of artistic intervention especially on the surface of architecture as a meeting place of art and architecture. Artistic intervention demonstrates the possibilities for the meaningful integration of arts into architectural spaces. This study summarizes the characteristics of artistic intervention on the surfaces of architectures as follow; first, the artistic intervention is applied to the broad ranges of designs including public art, architectural design and sign design that establish identities and unique characters to the spaces. Second, the artistic intervention on the surfaces is conducted by the participation of the various fields of artists, i.e. painters, installation artists, graphic designers and landscape designers. The artistic intervention is also conducted by individual collaboration between artists and architects as well as by the forms of public art of art-in-architecture program. Third, the artistic intervention on the surfaces is expressed using the complex combination of images, colors, patterns, and texts. They are applied to enhance the aesthetic and symbolic characters of buildings in public arts, to improve the visual characters of architectural design with graphics, colors, and patterns, as well as to increase communication skills and cognitive effects of sign design with letters and colors on walls and floor surfaces. Fourth, the artistic intervention is also applied on the surfaces to encourage people to communicate historic and symbolic meanings related to the locations and functions. Thus, graphics on the architectural surfaces could provide a public space, with which people could share common feeling on public arts. As a conclusion, the study finds that artistic intervention either as artworks or as elements of architectural design can not only enhance the aesthetic quality of architectural space but also expand the techniques of design representation. In addition, the artistic intervention can contribute to create a new realm of design where artists and architects work together to enrich our surroundings.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.75-82
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of warm needling therapy in a patient with cervical myelopathy caused by ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament. Methods : A 53-year-old Korean male patient diagnosed with cervical myelopathy due to ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament was treated with warm needling therapy on posterior neck aside from the routine inpatient treatment from June 26th to July 16th. Clinical improvement was evaluated with visual analogue scale(VAS), Japanese orthopedic score(JOA), grip and release test, finger escape sign and patient satisfaction was measured using a five-point Likert scale. Results : After 21 days of treatment, the patient showed improvement in VAS, JOA, grip and release test and finger escape sign. The patient also expressed satisfaction with the treatment. Conclusions : The results suggest that warm needling therapy may be an effective additional treatment for cervical myelopathy and other symptoms related to ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament(OPLL). Further studies should be carried out regarding possible long-lasting effects.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.167-173
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• 2018

Each municipality is promoting signboard improvement projects, but the effectiveness is not great. The main reason for this is that when the signboard is manufactured the location of the shop is only dependent on the visual aspiration effect and it is not harmonized with the building by applying uniform design. The signboard are installed almost everywhere in the city, such as residential, natural and commercial environments. And the signboard provides various services such as traffic information and life safety to customers. Also, by applying design and functional elements, we can enhance the competitiveness of companies and improve the urban environment by enhancing the mutual connection effect of customers and space. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of design elements and functional elements of the signboard on customer preference. In other words, we conducted surveys and analyzes of 152 specialists and non-experts (customers, self-employed). As a result of the study, the following conclusions were drawn. First, the functions and design elements of signboards are important factors that have a positive effect on customer preference. Second, the function of the signboard has a positive(+) influence on the customer preference, and the information providing function and the corporate image side function directly affect the customer preference. Third, color elements have a positive(+) meaningful effect on customer preference. Especially, similar color sign affects customer preference positively. Fourth, the signboard design component has a positive(+) significant effect on customer preference. In particular, typefaces have a positive effect on customer preference.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.64-71
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• 2006

Purpose: This study has tried to find out the effects of music therapy on anxiety of surgery patients during operation under regional anesthesia. In order to find out the effects, this research design was used nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. Method: The subjects were the sixty inpatients under regional anesthesia in K hospital. They were assigned to two groups, thirty to the experimental group and thirty to control group. The data were collected using the Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) for State Anxiety and vital sign. The Experimental group received favorite music of the 4 different genre. The control group were inserted ear plug during operation. Data were analyzed by $X^2$-test, T-test, ANOVA and Repeated Measured ANOVA of the SPSS WIN (12.0) version program. Results: 1) Hypothesis 1: The hypothesis "that the figure for state anxiety of the experimental group provided with music therapy would be lower than that of the control group" was confirmed(F=0.27, P=0.01). 2) Hypothesis 2 : Three subordinating hypotheses were established in order to verify the hypothesis "that the figures for vital sings of the experimental group provided with such as music therapy would be lower than those of the control group." were rejected. Conclusion: Music therapy can be regarded as an effective nursing intervention that relieves operative anxiety of surgical patients under regional anesthesia.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.90-97
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• 2017

Nowadays, the most of commercial buildings are build-out with complex architecture and decorated with more complicated interiors of buildings so establishing intelligible escape routes becomes an important case of fire or other emergency in a limited time. The commercial buildings are already equipped with multiple exit signs and these exit signs may create confusion and leads the people into different directions under emergency. This can jeopardize the emergency situation into a chaotic state, especially in a complex layout buildings. There are many research focused on implementing different approached to improve the exit sign system with better visual navigating effects, such as the use of laser beams, the combination of audio and video cues, etc. However the digital signage system based emergency exit sign management is one of the best solution to guide people under emergency situations to escape. This research paper, propose an intelligent evacuation route GUIDE that uses the combination centralized Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) and digital signage for people safety and avoids dangers from emergency conditions. This proposed system applies WSN to detect the environment condition in the building and uses an evacuation algorithm to estimate the safe route to escape using the sensor information and then activates the signage system to display the safe evacuation route instruction GUIDE according to the location the signage system is installed. This paper presented the prototype of the proposed signage system and execution time to find the route with future research directions. The proposed system provides a natural intelligent evacuation route interface for self or remote operation in facility management to efficiently GUIDE people to the safe exit under emergency conditions.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.405-417
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• 2022

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory immune-mediated condition that has been identified as a potentially malignant oral disorder. Various therapies have been proposed for its management as alternative to corticosteroids. However, no definitive treatment has been identified that can result in complete remission or minimal recurrence. Hyaluronic acid has recently been used as an alternative therapy for the management of OLP. This study aimed to systematically review the effectiveness of Hyaluronic acid in the management of symptomatic OLP. Online electronic databases and manual searches were performed for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in English between January 2010 and April 2022. RCTs were identified that compared the efficacy of hyaluronic acid and other interventional therapies at baseline and during follow-up. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Visual analog scale (VAS) scores, Thongprasom sign scores, lesion size, degree of erythema, clinical severity, and disease severity were assessed both quantitatively and qualitatively. Seven studies were analyzed. Five studies reported a high risk of bias while the remaining two studies reported an unclear risk of bias. The overall quantitative assessment of size, symptoms, degree of erythema, and sign score in OLP lesions treated with HA was not statistically significant compared to that in the control group (P > 0.05). In addition, subgroup analysis comparing HA with placebo or corticosteroids did not yield statistically significant (P > 0.05) results. Qualitatively, both HA and tacrolimus resulted in an effective reduction in signs and symptoms. Clinical/disease severity index/scores were inconsistent. A high degree of heterogeneity was observed among the included studies. None of the included studies reported the side effects of HA. These findings suggest that corticosteroids, tacrolimus, placebo, and HA could be equally effective in OLP management. The clinical/disease severity index or score reduction cannot be determined with certainty. Thus, OLP can be treated with HA as an alternative therapy. Owing to limited clinical trials on HA, high heterogeneity, and high risk of bias in the included studies, definitive conclusions cannot be derived.

• 수완나부미
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.91-129
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• 2023

This paper reports the findings of a multimodal study conducted on 10 travel blog posts about Vietnam by seven British professional travel bloggers. The study takes a sociolinguistic view to tourism by seeing travel blogs as a source for linguistic and other semiotic materials while considering language as situated practice for the social construction of fundamental categories such as "human," "society," and "nation." It borrows concepts from Halliday's Systemic Functional Linguistics for interpersonal metafunction to develop an analytical framework to study how the co-occurrence of text and still images in these travel blog posts formulated the portrayal of Vietnam as a tourism destination and indicated the main sociolinguistic features of the blogs. The analysis of appreciation values and interactive qualities encoded in evaluative adjectives and still images show that Vietnam is generally portrayed as a country of identity and diversity. It provides tourists with positive experiences in terms of places of interest, food and local lifestyles and is cost-competitive. Strangerhood and authenticity are two outstanding sociolinguistic features exhibited in these travel blog posts. The findings of this study also underline the co-contribution of the linguistic sign, in this case evaluative adjectives, and the visual sign, in this case still images, as interpersonal meaning-making resources. To portray Vietnam, still images served as integral elements to evidence the credibility of verbal narrations. To unveil sociolinguistic characteristics of travel blogs, still images supported the linguistic realizations of authenticity and strangerhood on the posts, and in some case delivered an even stronger message than words. Not only does the study present a source of feedback from international travelers to tourism practice in Vietnam, but it also provides insights into multimodal analysis of tourism discourse which remains an under-researched area in Vietnam.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.909-917
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• 2023

기호학 이론은 현실주의 영화의 해석에 있어 매우 중요한 역할을 수행한다. 현실주의 영화는 현실 생활의 사건과 상황을 반영하는데 집중하며, 사실적인 묘사를 통해 관객에게 현실의 문제를 생각하도록 한다. 이 과정에서, 기호학 이론은 영화 속의 상징적인 요소와 그 배후에 함축되어 있는 깊은 의미를 해석할 수 있도록 유도한다. 본 연구는 리얼리즘 영화에 나타난 기호학적 특징을 소쉬르의 기의와 기표의 개념을 통해 접근하고, 특히 영화의 기호에 나타난 임의성과 2급 기호 체계(언어체계+신화 체계)가 영화의 기호적 함의와 영화의 문화적 의의에 작용하는 과정을 분석하고자 하였다. 그리고 <도가니>의 사례에서 적용되는 과정을 살펴봄으로써 영화 속의 함축적인 서사 구조, 의미 구조, 이데올로기가 사회를 반영하는 대중문화 속에서 드러내는 영향과 효과를 연구하고자 하였다. 연구를 통해 영화의 기호가 전달하고자 하는 잠재적 정보의 다채로운 가능성을 볼 수 있었으며, 기호학을 통해 창의적 견해와 해석을 가능성을 볼 수 있었다.

• 전자공학회논문지CI
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.59-73
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• 2003

인터넷 가상공간에서 서로 다른 언어 사이의 언어 장벽을 극복하기 위한 한 방법으로 CG 애니메이션 기술을 이용한 수화 통신 시스템이 연구되고 있다. 지금까지 연구에서는 비언어 통신 수단으로서 팔과 손의 제스춰만을 고려하였으나, 얼굴 표정이 의사전달에 중요한 요소가 된다. 특히 사실적인 감정표현보다는 얼굴 요소가 과장된 코믹한 표현이 보다 효과적이고, 또 눈썹, 눈, 입 등의 AU(Action Units)만이 아니라 뺨과 턱의 움직임도 중요한 역할을 하게 됨을 알게 되었다. 따라서 3D 표정 생성 에디터에서 AU를 추출하고, 보다 효율적을 표정 생성을 위해 FACS(Facial Action Unit)으로 분류한다. 또 기존에 표정 에디터에 비해서 제안된 표정 에디터는 PAU에 대한 강도를 강하게 줌으로써, 6가지 표정을 분리할 수 있음을 보인다. 또한 얼굴 표정 생성에서 “뺨을 올림”과 “턱을 내림”에 대한 움직임을 자동화하기 위해서 포물형 편미분식(Parabolic Partial Differential Equations)과 Runge-Kutta법을 이용하여 보다 자연스러운 표정을 생성하였다. 또한 이를 이용하여 구조가 서로 다른 아바타 모델에 감정을 재생하는 방법을 제안하였다. 본 방법을 윈도우 플렛폼에서 Visual C＋＋와 Open Inventor 라이브러리를 이용하여 구현하였으며, 실험 결과 언어의 장벽을 넘을 수 있는 비언어 통신수단으로 이용될 수 있는 가능성을 확인하였다.