• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.618-627
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• 2007

As our society progresses rapidly toward an aged society, there is a stiff increase in the population of the aged persons who have difficulties in adjusting themselves to environments due to declines of their physical functions. Therefore, there is a great need for the concept of 'Universal Design' that demands the design of overall social structure to care for the elderly. Due to this reason, the physical function of the aged persons should thoroughly be studied for the development of rehabilitation and training equipments to help the recovery of physical functions of the elderly. Among the variety of physical functions of the elderly, visual functions, motion characteristics, hearing functions, and somatosensory functions have significant influence toward everyday lives and are physical functions to study for the construction of urgently needed physical function databases of the elderly. This study concentrates on visual functions among the variety of physical functions of the elderly. To measure various visual functions of the elderly, a measurement room for the elderly has been developed, which can mimic everyday lives and perform measurements of visual functions with subjects in seated position. The measurement items for the construction of the database were capabilities in everyday vision according to changes in arrangement of colors and light intensity and capabilities in everyday vision, color distinction, dark adaptation, and light glare against changes in contrast.

• 한국조명전기설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국조명전기설비학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.235-238
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• 2009

This research surveys actual conditions on lighting environments of the elderly's houses. from the results of survey on actual conditions of lighting in the elderly's houses, they don't meet standard of illumination suggested by KS A 3011, and, standard of ovarall illumination is satisfied in general, but illumination in a side of work or other activities is lower than the standard and it has failed to suggest standard that is considering user's characteristics, visual characteristics going with their ages and so forth, it is thought to urgently prepare standard which considers visual characteristics of the elderly and their ages.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.66-74
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• 2007

The aim of the present study was to investigate age-related differences in stepping behavior in response to sensory perturbations of postural balance. The participants for this study were 2 healthy elderly adults (mean age=76.0) and 2 younger adults (mean age=25.5). Subjects were asked to step over a 10 cm high obstacle at self-paced speed with the right limb to land on the primary target (normal step length) that is 10 cm in diameter. However, if, during movement, the light was illuminated, then the subject had to step on the secondary target (long step length). It was planned that the onset of the light would be prior to peak Fx of swing limb, between swing peak Fx and swing toe-off, and after swing toe-off. In the younger adults these secondary visual cues were provided at mean times of 240 ms (standard deviation (SD)=11), 402 ms (SD=13), and 476 ms (SD=88) following the movement onset. Corresponding mean times for the healthy elderly were 150 ms (SD=67), 352 ms (SD=39), and 562 ms (SD=115). Results showed great changes in both group and visual cue condition in Fx ground reaction forces and temporal events following the swing toe-off. Swing limb acceleration force (Fx) and stance peak Fx1 was much greater in the young adults compared to the older adults. Both young and older adults increased stance peak Fx2 in the visual cue condition compared to normal stepping. There was no difference in stance peak Fx2 between the visual cue conditions in both groups. Similarly, the time to stance peak Fx2 was much longer for the visual cue condition than for the normal stepping. It was not different between the visual cue conditions in the young adults, but in the elderly mid and late cue was much greater than early cue. In addition, time to stance peak Fx2 and swing and stance time were much longer in the older adults compared to the young adults for the visual cue conditions. These results suggest that unlike young adults, elderly adults did not flexibly modify their responses to unexpected changes in step length while stepping over obstacles.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.281-289
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• 2022

우리 사회의 고령화가 점차 심화되면서 실버타운 공간의 노인 돌봄 모델을 바탕으로 노인 돌봄 환경의 질은 점차 모두의 관심의 초점이 되고 있다. 본 연구는 주로 노인의 시각적 특성과 행동적 특성을 연구하고 토론하며, 공간의 환경을 최적화하기 위해 노인의 특별한 요구에보다 많은 관심을 기울일 수 있도록 실버타운에서 노인의 생활 환경에서 시각적 체험 디자인을 심층적으로 탐구한다. 이를 통해 노인들이 편안한 환경에서 노년을 즐길 수 있도록 공간의 환경을 최적화한다. 본 연구는 시각 심리학, 환경 심리학, 노인학 그리고 다른 이론으로 기초한다. 관련 문헌 수집과 노인현장 연구를 통해 실버타운 노인들의 생활 환경의 기능과 전반적인 조합을 연구하고, 환경을 정리한다. 중·장년층의 행동적·시각적 요구를 바탕으로 공간에서의 시각적 연결을 강화하기 위한 디자인 방법을 제안하였다. 시각적 경험의 관점에서, 환경의 조명, 색상, 그리고 재료들이 연구된다. 이론과 연구·실험의 결합을 통해 노인들은 따뜻한 색채, 고휘도 색채, 기하학적인 문양이 있는 식물을 선호한다는 결론을 내린다. 실버타운 공간에서의 시각적 경험의 디자인 원리와 디자인 방법을 요약하였다.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.69-87
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• 2018

Purpose: This study has been started with the awareness that light and color are the main visual sensors of the multi-sensory stimulation environment to achieve the therapeutic environment for demented elderly. The purpose of this study therefore is for clarifying the application characteristics of therapeutic light and color for dementia care facilities. Methods: Internal and external literature reviews have been conducted for the investigation into a)disorders and visual system in demented elderly, b)therapeutic effects of light and color, c)heliotherapy, light therapy and color therapy to deduce the therapeutic characteristics of light and color for demented elderly, and finally into d)the application characteristics of it for dementia care facilities. Results: The application characteristics of the therapeutic light and color for dementia care facilities are classified into both qualitative and quantitative characteristics. Qualitative application characteristics of light represented using of daylight, using of lighting approximate to daylight, expansion of iluminance level, equality in iluminance Level, reduction of shadow, and as well as exclusion of blare. Quantitative application characteristics of it represented iluminance level, color temperature and color rendering index prescribed in international lighting standards. Qualitative application characteristics of color represented non-monochromatic color, color contrast, long wavelength of yellow-red colors, exclusion of short wavelength of blue colors and patterns, and as well as different colors for idenfication. Quantitative application characteristics of it represented kontrast(K) prescribed in DIN32975:2009 and light reflectance value(LRV) prescribed in BS8300:2009. Implications: To form dementia care facilities as therapeutic environment both qualitative and quantitative application characteristics of therapeutic light and color in dementia care facilities are needed.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.129-136
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data necessary for the development of clothing that can improve the satisfaction of body shape of elderly men by examining subjective characteristics and characteristics of perception type of older men's body shape. Using the Q methodology, I investigated and analyzed the process of formation and main characteristics of subjectivity of various types of recognition that elderly men express about their body shape. There were four types of perception of body shape in elderly men: flat hip and bird legs skinny body, back bent and abdominal obese body, thick neck and upper body development body, forward cervical neck and protruding abdomen obese body. The actual body shape of elderly men was classified according to the bust, waist circumference, hip circumference, and body part angle. But recognition body shape of elderly men was classified by visual factors like the abdomen, the angle of the neck, the inclination of the back, the slope of the waist, and the degree of obesity. It is necessary to consider the trend of silver fashion which is increasing in demand. In addition, it is necessary to develop clothing patterns of comfortable fit through ergonomic study on the physical characteristics of older men. Consideration should be given to the design and pattern that can reduce the difference between the ideal body shape and the body shape recognized by older men.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.39-48
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to analyze environment-behavior concepts included in environmental design characteristics of facilities for elderly with dementia. Major method was contents analysis of actual environmental designs. For comparison between the environment-behavior concepts and actual cases, an analytical framework was developed. Eleven cases of facilities designed for people with dementia were analyzed. Those were published ones in periodicals in USA. The analytical data used included floor plans, texts, and visual materials including photographs. Under the framework for analysis, a total of 296 criteria were used to analyze the actual cases of environmental design. This study was expected to offer a knowledge base for better environmental design for elderly with dementia and to help establish guidelines for designing such facilities which can meet the cultural characteristics and traditional conditions of Korea.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.143-153
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• 2004

This research aimed to assess nursing homes for the elderly with geriatric diseases in Japan, and to prepare the knowledge basis to develop nursing home for the elderly with geriatric diseases in Korea. For this, researcher visited 5 facilities in Tokyo from October 3 to October 9 in 2002, collected data by observations, interviews, and visual materials by taking photographs. Visual materials were analyzed according to the environmental assessment matrix consisted of supportiveness, flexibility, efficiency in perception, accessibility, safety, amenity, and social Interaction that were assorted and were given a name by these researchers in the process of this research. Among the characteristics of environmental design of the analysis cases, 992 items picked out from 722 visual materials were used in the analysis. The data were analyzed using the frequency and percentage with SPSS 11 program. The analysis results were the fellowing. The characteristics of recent nursing home design in Japan tended to focus on supportiveness, amenity, and efficiency in perception but to leave much desired in flexibility and safety. In each space, space to support outdoor activities tended to focus on efficiency in perception, space to support living activities tended to focus on amenities, space to support treatment and living tended to focus on supportiveness, space to support administration and operation tended to focus on supportiveness, and space to support movement tended to focus on amenities.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.163-169
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• 2020

2025년 초고령 사회 진입이 예상되는 한국은 노인 중심의 사회가 될 것임을 시사하며(통계청, 2018), 노인들이 주로 이용하는 공공시설에 노인의 시각적 특성을 고려한 환경이 구성될 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 한국의 부산시에서 노인인구 비율이 가장 높은 지역에 위치한 근린공원의 환경색채를 Color Universal Design(CUD, CUD 권장색 세트 가이드북, 2013)에 근거하여 노인의 시각 특성을 고려한 환경인지 알아보는 것을 목적으로 한다. 부산시에 위치한 도보권 근린공원으로 5곳을 선정하여 분광측색기(Minolta CM-2600d)와 웹 컬러 조사로 환경색채를 측정하였으며, 측색범위는 바닥포장, 공공시설물(사인, 벤치, 화장실), 체육시설물로 한정하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 전반적으로 Y색상계열이 우세하게 나타났으며, 유사한 색상 사용과 명도, 채도가 비슷한 수치를 보였다. 이는 Color Universal Design(CUD, CUD 권장색 세트 가이드북, 2013) 이론에 근거하여 분석한 결과, 노인의 시각특성을 고려하지 않았다는 것을 시사하며 부산시에 위치한 근린공원은 시각특성을 배려한 환경색채가 미흡한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 본 연구는 노인의 색채 지각 및 인지 특성을 반영한 사회 환경 색채에 적용할 수 있는 기초연구로서 활동될 수 있을 것이다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.326-334
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify characteristics associated with fractures in elderly people in order to provide basic data for fracture preventive programs for the elderly people. Method: The participants were 84 patients over age of 65, who were admitted to the orthopedic department in a hospital in Chungnam province. Data were collected from Sep. 1, 2002 to Aug, 30, 2003 through personal interviews using a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSSPC program. Result: Physical characteristics before the fracture included weakness or paralysis in the extremities (29.8%), need of assistance or appliances (13.1%), difficulty on balance (28.6%), visual disturbances (26.2%), hearing impairment (17.9%), speech disturbances (2.4%), urinary dysfunction (21.4%), and sleep disturbances (54.8%). The fractures occurred most frequently in winter (32.1%), between 1 pm and 6 pm (48.8%), on weekends (41.6%), in the road (58.3%) while wearing snickers (27.4%) or shoes (27.4%). The region of fractures occurred most frequently was lower extremities (57.1%), and the causes of fractures were loss of balance (31.0%) and car accident (25.0 %). A significance difference was found for type of accident, footwear at the time of the accident, place of the accident according to gender and age. Also a significance difference was found for type of accident and place of accident according to season(p<.05). Conclusion: Therefore, these results should be considered when a fracture preventive program for elderly people is designed.