• Speech Sciences
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.65-75
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• 2000

The present study attempted to determine the effect of olfactory stimulation on word retrieval deficit in Korean aphasics. Eleven nonfluent and 9 fluent aphasic patients served as subjects. The 20 subjects' age ranged from 14 to 65 with the mean of 43.0 (SD: 17.6). A neurologist examined them and diagnosed that they had no visual, auditory, and olfactory impairment. The study consisted of 2 experiments: Experiment I included visual stimulation while experiment II included visual and olfactory stimulation. The subjects were presented with 19 pictures for them to name in the experiment I, whereas they were exposed to the 19 pictures along with the corresponding olfactory stimulus in the experiment II. The 19 items included soy sauce, chilly pepper, Kimchi, chewing gum, cigarette (smoked), soybean paste, lemon, banana, alcohol (wine), apple, fish, vinegar, cuttlefish (dried), milk, rose, sesame oil, melon, coffee, and perfume. The results were as follows: First, olfactory stimulation tended to improve aphasics' word retrieval deficit although the improvement was not statistically significant. Second, the nonfluent aphasics seemed to take more advantage from olfactory stimulation compared to the fluent aphasics. Third, olfactory stimulation (olfactory + visual) did not produce a different naming performance compared to visual stimulation in the pre- and post-test when the pre- and post-test was composed of naming tasks through auditory + visual stimulation. Fourth, the fluent aphasics performed better with unpleasant olfactory stimulus while the nonfluent aphasics performed better with pleasant olfactory stimulus.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.37-45
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• 2013

Objective: This study describes the change of operator performance in drastic change of illumination level, and proposes an alternative method to cope with it. Background: The control standard of illumination for nuclear power plants(NPPs) is based on the set of limit criteria for maintaining a specific illumination level. However, there is a possibility to cause human errors according to the psychological and physiological influences to operators in the situation of drastic change of illumination such as SBO(Station Black Out), so a basic study is necessary to review the current approach. Method: We assessed the visual fatigue, subjective work load and task performance according to the three illumination situations(Normal Illumination, Emergency Illumination, and Drastic Change of Illumination). Result: Research finding shows that there are not significant differences in task performance between normal illumination (1,000lx level) and emergency illumination (100lx level), only if beyond the dark adaptation limit. However, subjective work load on mental demand and visual fatigue show a potential challenge to visual performance in drastic change of illumination. Conclusion/Application: Several trials can complement this challenge in NPPs by applying 3-way communication, enhancing readability of procedures, and managing the visual factors affecting the operators' performance through a Visual Environment Management Program including visual health aspects, etc.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.589-598
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• 2013

In order to understand 3D visual fatigue, it is necessary to examine the visual fatigue induced by camera parameters as well as that induced by a pre-existing 3D content. In the present study, we examined the effects of camera parameters, such as roll misalignment error, shooting distance and vergence condition on 3D visual fatigue and we modelled it. The results indicate that roll misalignment error, shooting distance and vergence condition affect 3D visual fatigue and the effect of roll misalignment error on 3D visual fatigue is evident specifically when screen disparity is relatively small.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.70-77
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• 2017

Dynamic visual acuity is used as an important factor to measure athletic performance in sports field. A study on visual acuity testing system using non-see head mounted display (NST-HMD) was conducted recently. However, the NST-HMD has a problem that the sense of space felt by the subject differs from the actual environment. This is because the view is blocked so that it is only implemented in a virtual space. This paper proposes a dynamic visual acuity testing system using optical see through head mounted display (OST-HMD). To do this, OST-HMD and NST-HMD comparative tests were conducted using existing K-D (King-Devick) charts. Experiments were performed on 30 subjects and their visual acuity was measured and analyzed by parametric statistics and one-sample T-test. The results of the study demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed OST-HMD. This study is expected to use the visual inspection and training equipment of OST-HMD.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.101-108
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• 2011

When observing an object in a space, a part of it is remembered into our perception in the time for paying attention or conscious observation and it reaches to our visual understanding. In this study, it examined characteristics by each subject through the process of visual understanding by changes in such observation time. The results from this study are summarized as belows: First, through analysis of the observation data focused on the distance between the observed points, it was able to apply those visual theories organized before to the analysis of characteristics of the time for understanding by each subject. Second, there showed big differences in the time for visual understanding by each subject according to changes in the observation time so that it was found that there were big differences according to the characteristics of subject's intention or purpose of the observation of a space. Third, as the number of continuous observation gives an important clue in judgement of how well the space was understood, it was able to compare and organize the mutual characteristics of the time the attention was concentrated, the time observed intentionally and the time understood visually. Fourth, it was found that the shorter subjects gave the intentional observation in observing a space, the longer they spent the time for paying attention, while the less they could understand it visually.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Cognitive Science Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.48-54
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• 2010

INTRODUCTION Interaction between temporal events at the millisecond level is important for visual and tactile interaction. OBJECT The aim of the present study is to identify any neural signature, as reflected in event-related potentials (ERP), for the integrative processes when the two sensory modalities are stimulated in synchrony as opposed to when they are stimulated separately. METHOD The basic strategy was to compare ERP signals obtained with simultaneous visual and tactile stimulation with a linear summation of ERP patterns obtained with each modality stimulated separately. Condition were presented, paired with various stimulus-onset-asynchronies (SOA) ranging from - 300 ms (tactile-first) to 300 ms (visual-first), and in trials where only one modality was stimulated alone. RESULT A positive deviation was located in observed ERP at C4 electrode (contralateral to the stimulated hand) at 200-400 ms, in comparison to the predicted ERP. The deviation was present at all SOAs other than -300ms (tactile-first) and 300 ms (visual-first). There was also a positive deviation at occipital leads at the 50-ms SOA (visual-first) trials. DISCUSSION It suggested that neural signatures of cross-modal integration occur within a limited time-window. The deviations were specifically localized at the contralateral somatosensory and visual cortices, indicating that the integration happens at or before the level of the primary cortices.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.16-26
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• 1999

Five soil mixture with seven turfgrass species when placed over a plastic sheet were evaluated for influence on covering rate, visual rating, visual color and sad development. The result were as follows. 1. The last covering rate was high on sand+bark and on Kentucky bluegrass, respectively while the early covering rate was high on sand+peat and on perennial ryegrass and tall fescue. respectively. 2. Both sand and sand+sandy loam caused poor effects on the covering rate and the visual rating. 3. The early growth was good on perennial ryegrass but the covering rate and the visual rating gradually turned poor because of summer drought. 4. Visual color was high on sand+bark and on Kentucky bluegrass, respectively. 5. Covering rate, visual rating and visual color was best evaluated on Kentucky bluegrass during winter. 6. Sad was highly developed on sand+bark and sand+peat as compared with on the other soil mixture. 7. The carpet-type sad was best developed on Kentucky bluegrass.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.141-150
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• 2019

Purpose : This study examined the hand function and visual motor integration capabilities in 30 children with developmental disabilities. The children were divided into an experimental group (n=20) that received digital sensory perception training and a control group (n=10) that did not receive this training. Methods : Training was conducted a total of 12 times for six weeks, for 50 minutes a day, twice a week, for the experimental group. The Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test was used to determine the hand function before and after the intervention, and the Beery VMI-6 was performed to identify the visual motor integration capability. Results :After the intervention, the ability to perform hand functions and visual motor interaction increased significantly in the experimental group but not in the control group. Digital sensory training therefore had a positive effect on the hand function and visual motor integration in children with developmental disabilities. Conclusion : A digital sensory perception training program is an arbitration method that can positively improve the hand function and visual motor integration ability in children with developmental disabilities.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.18-29
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• 2003

The purpose of this study by examine the effect of visual neglect on hemiplegia motor recovery are showing trouble which can be raised by visual neglect and helping the patient's ADL and functional recovering. Among the patients who are being taken physical therapy in many other hospitals in Busan From February 1st 2002 to august 31st, we chose 20 patients as control group who did not have symptoms of visual neglect and 20 other patients who did have as case group. We used Albert's test and line bisection as visual neglect test, and MAS as motor recovery. The average age of the patient group is 51.55 and that of control is 44.9. The men's rate is higher than women' s in both groups. Although the rate of left hemiplegia is higher than right hemiplegia in case group, that of right hemiplegia is higher than left hemiplegia in control group. There is much lesion site of basal ganglia in case group. There is the most amount of transformation of MAS when visual neglect is shorter than 1.5centimeter. Each change of MAS point before and after therapy in case group and control group is revealed $6.5{\pm}4.37$ and $12.5{\pm}5.95$.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.4476-4490
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• 2017

The aim of image annotation is to determine labels that can accurately describe the semantic information of images. Many approaches have been proposed to automate the image annotation task while achieving good performance. However, in most cases, the semantic similarities of images are ignored. Towards this end, we propose a novel Visual-Semantic Nearest Neighbor (VS-KNN) method by collectively exploring visual and semantic similarities for image annotation. First, for each label, visual nearest neighbors of a given test image are constructed from training images associated with this label. Second, each neighboring subset is determined by mining the semantic similarity and the visual similarity. Finally, the relevance between the images and labels is determined based on maximum a posteriori estimation. Extensive experiments were conducted using three widely used image datasets. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed method in comparison with state-of-the-arts methods.