• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제36권10B호
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• pp.1258-1267
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• 2011

본 논문에서는, 실내에서 Light Emitting Diode-Identification(LED-ID) 통신 시스템을 이용하여 비디오 신호를 전송하는 방법에 대하여 연구하였다. LED-ID 통신 기술은 기존 조명의 기능을 수행하는 LED를 사용하여 통신의 가능까지 동시에 구현할 수 있는 효과적인 방법이다. 본 기술은 LED의 RGB(Red Green Blue)광원을 통하여 신호를 전송하는 방법으로, RGB의 혼합 비율에 따라서 조명의 색이 결정되고, 또한 각 RGB신호의 BER성능이 결정된다. 그러나, 기존의 시스템처럼 비디오 신호를 RGB에 고정적으로 할당 시켜 전송하는 경우, 각 선호의 중요도가 다른 Scalable Video Coding(SVC) 신호에 비해서 비디오의 품질에 한계가 발생한다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서 이 논문에서는 White LED를 위한 RGB 혼합 비율에 따른 RGB신호의 성능을 분석하고, 분석된 성능을 바탕으로 SVC 신호를 할당 하여 전송함으로써 비디오의 품질을 향상 시킬 수 있는 방법에 대해서 연구하였다.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.159-168
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• 2021

정보화 시대에 접어들면서 개개인의 신원을 정확하게 인식하여 인증하는 것은 정보 보호를 위해 매우 중요하기 때문에 신체를 활용한 생체인식의 활용이 점차 증가하고 있다. 그중 지정맥 인증 기술은 위조 및 복조하기 어려워 보안성과 정밀도가 높고 사용자 수용성이 용이하여 사회적 많은 관심을 받고 있다. 그러나 신원확인을 위한 알고리즘이나 주변의 빛의 환경에 따라 정확도가 떨어질 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 지정맥 측정 장치 중 활용성이 좋은 측면형 지정맥 인식기를 직접 설계하고 제작하여 높은 정확도와 인식률을 위해 DenseNet-201의 딥러닝 모델을 활용하여 인증하였으며 사용하는 적외선 광원과 주변 가시광선의 영향에 따른 지정맥 인증 기술의 성능을 시뮬레이션을 통해 분석하였다. 시뮬레이션은 전북대의 MMCBNU_6000과 직접 촬영한 지정맥 영상을 사용하고 EER을 이용하여 성능을 비교 분석한다.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.99-108
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• 2021

차량 내부에는 조명 변화, 부분적인 가림 및 운전자의 상태 변화와 같은 제한되지 않은 조건들이 존재한다. 본 논문에서는 비 제약적인 차량 환경에서의 운전자 얼굴 인증 시스템을 제안한다. 제안한 방법은 차량 내부 및 외부의 조명 변화에 따라 발생하는 얼굴 이미지의 변화를 최소화하기 위해서 근적외선(NIR) 카메라를 사용한다. 특히 정면에서의 강한 빛에 노출된 얼굴 이미지를 처리하기 위해서, 학습 이미지의 평균과 분산을 사용하여 정상적인 얼굴 이미지로부터 빛에 과다하게 노출된 이미지로 변환하여 사용한다. 따라서 정상적인 조명에서의 얼굴 분류기와 강한 정면광에서의 얼굴 분류기를 각각 동시에 만들어진다. 제안하는 얼굴 분류기는 얼굴 랜드마크를 추출하고 각 랜드마크의 신뢰도 점수를 합산하여 얼굴을 최종적으로 식별한다. 특히 각 랜드마크를 인식하여 부분적인 얼굴 가림에 강하기 때문에 안경이나 선글라스를 착용하는 상황에서도 높은 성능 향상이 가능하다. 즉 가려지지 않은 남은 랜드마크의 점수를 사용하여 운전자를 인식할 수 있다. 또한 등록 운전자와 미등록 운전자 간의 관계를 고려한 새로운 인식 거부 방법과 새로운 평가 방법을 논문에서 제안한다. 자체 취득한 데이터 셋, 공인된 PolyU 및 ORL 데이터 셋으로 실험한 결과 제안한 방법이 효과적임을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.109-114
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• 2005

Leucas aspera Link. (Lamiaceae) is an important medicinal plant in indigenous systems of medicine in India and commonly known as 'Thumbai'. It has various ethnomedicinal values as various traditional communities find diverse medicinal properties. It is used as antipyretic, stimulant, expectorant and diaphoretic drug. The present communication deals with the detailed pharmacognostical evaluation of whole plant of L. aspera collected from five different geographical zones of the country-Uttar Pradesh, Orissa, Karnataka, West Bengal and Gujarat. The botanical characters and TLC fingerprint profile of all the samples were quite similar but some variations were observed in physicochemical parameters. However, some microscopical characters and TLC profile can be used as diagnostic characters for identification of L. aspera, for example amphistomachic leaves and two types of trichomes-abundant, non glandular, uniseriate, 1-3 celled and few glandular, 2-5 celled stalk with rounded tip. Presence of some components at $R_fs-0.56$, 0.65 and 0.76 under UV 366 and at $R_fs-0.31$, 0.43, 0.60, 0.76 and 0.82 under visible light after derivetization in TLC profile may also be used as diagnostic character.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.335-347
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• 2016

정선 지역 고품위 석회석 광산인 강원, 충무 및 백운 광산을 대상으로 풍촌층 상부 층준의 대표적 탄산염암을 구분하고 각 유형의 전암 분석 및 VNIR-SWIR(visible near infrared-short wavelength infrared) 분광분석을 실시하여, 현장에서 고품위 석회석의 CaO 함량, 이질 불순물 및 백색도를 평가할 수 있는 분석법을 제시하였다. 동일 시료에서 분말 시료의 분광 반사도는 절단 시편에 비하여 매우 높은 분광 반사도를 보였고, 탄산염암의 분말 시료는 백색도와 분광 반사도가 0.99의 매우 높은 상관관계를 보이고 있다. 전암 분석에서 확인된 충무광산의 방해석과 백운석 분말 시료를 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 질량비로 혼합하여 각각 스펙트럼의 변화를 확인하고, 탄산염암의 CaO 함량과 흡수파장을 비교한 결과 0.98~0.99로 매우 높은 상관도를 보이고 있다. 탄산염암의 흡수파장과 화학조성은 2340 nm(55.86 wt.%)에서 2320 nm(29.71 wt.%)로 이는 $CO{_3}^{-2}$ 성분과 결합하고 있는 Ca 함량과 이를 치환하는 Mg 성분 함량의 차이에 따라 흡수 위치가 변화되는 것을 의미하며, 현장에서 분광분석을 통한 탄산염광물의 CaO 함량을 정량적으로 적용할 수 있다.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2020

Recently, there was an increasing demand for an integrated access control system which is capable of user recognition, door control, and facility operations control for smart buildings automation. The market available door lock access control solutions need to be improved from the current level security of door locks operations where security is compromised when a password or digital keys are exposed to the strangers. At present, the access control system solution providers focusing on developing an automatic access control system using (RF) based technologies like bluetooth, WiFi, etc. All the existing automatic door access control technologies required an additional hardware interface and always vulnerable security threads. This paper proposes the user identification and authentication solution for automatic door lock control operations using camera based visible light communication (VLC) technology. This proposed approach use the cameras installed in building facility, user smart devices and IoT open source controller based LED light sensors installed in buildings infrastructure. The building facility installed IoT LED light sensors transmit the authorized user and facility information color grid code and the smart device camera decode the user informations and verify with stored user information then indicate the authentication status to the user and send authentication acknowledgement to facility door lock integrated camera to control the door lock operations. The camera based VLC receiver uses the artificial intelligence (AI) methods to decode VLC data to improve the VLC performance. This paper implements the testbed model using IoT open-source based LED light sensor with CCTV camera and user smartphone devices. The experiment results are verified with custom made convolutional neural network (CNN) based AI techniques for VLC deciding method on smart devices and PC based CCTV monitoring solutions. The archived experiment results confirm that proposed door access control solution is effective and robust for automatic door access control.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.127-140
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• 2017

Metal nanoparticles have been intensively studied within the past decade. Nano-sized materials have been an important subject in basic and applied sciences. Zinc oxide nanoparticles have received considerable attention due to their unique antibacterial, antifungal, and UV filtering properties, high catalytic and photochemical activity. In this study, microbiological aspects of scale formation in PVC pipelines bacteria and fungi were isolated. In the emerging issue of increased multi-resistant properties in water borne pathogens, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle are being used increasingly as antimicrobial agents. Thus, the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum fungal concentration of ZnO nanoparticles towards pathogens microbe were examined in this study. The results obtained suggested that ZnO nanoparticles exhibit a good anti fungal activity than bactericidal effect towards all pathogens tested in in-vitro disc diffusion method (170 ppm, 100 ppm and 30 ppm). ZnO nanoparticles can be a potential antimicrobial agent due to its low cost of production and high effectiveness in antimicrobial properties, which may find wide applications in various industries to address safety issues. Stable ZnO nanoparticles were prepared and their shape and size distribution characterized by Dynamic light scattering (35.7 nm) and transmission electron microscopic TEM study for morphology identification (20 nm), UV-visible spectroscopy (230 nm), X-ray diffraction (FWHM of more intense peak corresponding to 101 planes located at $36.33^{\circ}$ using Scherrer's formula), FT-IR (Amines, Alcohols, Carbonyl and Nitrate ions), Zeta potential (-28.8). The antimicrobial activity of ZnO nanoparticles was investigated against Bacteria and Fungi present in drinking water PVC pipelines biofilm. In these tests, Muller Hinton agar plates were used and ZnO nanoparticles of various concentrations were supplemented in solid medium.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.21-33
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• 2019

This paper focuses on the interpretation of radiation fluxes from active galactic nuclei. The advantage of positron annihilation spectroscopy over other methods of spectral diagnostics of active galactic nuclei (therefore AGN) is demonstrated. A relationship between regular and random components in both bolometric and spectral composition of fluxes of quanta and particles generated in AGN is found. We consider their diffuse component separately and also detect radiative feedback after the passage of high-velocity cosmic rays and hard quanta through gas-and-dust aggregates surrounding massive black holes in AGN. The motion of relativistic positrons and electrons in such complex systems produces secondary radiation throughout the whole investigated region of active galactic nuclei in form of cylinder with radius R= 400-1000 pc and height H=200-400 pc, thus causing their visible luminescence across all spectral bands. We obtain radiation and electron energy distribution functions depending on the spatial distribution of the investigated bulk of matter in AGN. Radiation luminescence of the non-central part of AGN is a response to the effects of particles and quanta falling from its center created by atoms, molecules and dust of its diffuse component. The cross-sections for the single-photon annihilation of positrons of different energies with atoms in these active galactic nuclei are determined. For the first time we use the data on the change in chemical composition due to spallation reactions induced by high-energy particles. We establish or define more accurately how the energies of the incident positron, emitted ${\gamma}-quantum$ and recoiling nucleus correlate with the atomic number and weight of the target nucleus. For light elements, we provide detailed tables of all indicated parameters. A new criterion is proposed, based on the use of the ratio of the fluxes of ${\gamma}-quanta$ formed in one- and two-photon annihilation of positrons in a diffuse medium. It is concluded that, as is the case in young supernova remnants, the two-photon annihilation tends to occur in solid-state grains as a result of active loss of kinetic energy of positrons due to ionisation down to thermal energy of free electrons. The single-photon annihilation of positrons manifests itself in the gas component of active galactic nuclei. Such annihilation occurs as interaction between positrons and K-shell electrons; hence, it is suitable for identification of the chemical state of substances comprising the gas component of the investigated media. Specific physical media producing high fluxes of positrons are discussed; it allowed a significant reduction in the number of reaction channels generating positrons. We estimate the brightness distribution in the ${\gamma}-ray$ spectra of the gas-and-dust media through which positron fluxes travel with the energy range similar to that recorded by the Payload for Antimatter Matter Exploration and Light-nuclei Astrophysics (PAMELA) research module. Based on the results of our calculations, we analyse the reasons for such a high power of positrons to penetrate through gas-and-dust aggregates. The energy loss of positrons by ionisation is compared to the production of secondary positrons by high-energy cosmic rays in order to determine the depth of their penetration into gas-and-dust aggregations clustered in active galactic nuclei. The relationship between the energy of ${\gamma}-quanta$ emitted upon the single-photon annihilation and the energy of incident electrons is established. The obtained cross sections for positron interactions with bound electrons of the diffuse component of the non-central, peripheral AGN regions allowed us to obtain new spectroscopic characteristics of the atoms involved in single-photon annihilation.