• Architectural research
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2011

The Characteristics of space are determined by several factors; however, the element that determines the physical characteristic of floors, walls, and ceiling is the structure. This study constructs a wall to analyze the direct effect that the layout of an exhibition wall has on the element of the wall followed by the structural process and visibility of descriptive analysis and examples of art museums that the shift from a perceptional wall to an experiential wall affected circulation. For elements and formation methods of the wall, first, it is made up of open and closed type exhibition spaces, and it can give abundance in qualitative space rather than a quantitative aspect. Secondly, the directivity of space changes according to the development of the visible axis, thus, directly affects the change in visibility. Thirdly, the difference between spatial structure and visual structure is the difference between the visual axis and spatial structure. The wall formation type followed by the combination method, the simple visible structure, which is the type that possesses the simple combination (Room, Zone, Cluster), repeatedly uses the same size of units of space that is orderly and has few spatial axes and the classification of simple type and simple cluster type, which has few visible axes, also exists. Also, with the complex structure of the maze type it displays the reiterated form of the cluster, which is the space with disorderly combination and has much visible axes and spatial axes. Also, these can be divided into three types: 1) Maze Cluster Type, 2) Cross Road Type, and 3) Open Flexible Type. These wall types lead the various changes in circulation, and even each of the arrangement qualities of the exhibitions should be researched according to its exhibition place type.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.146-153
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• 1998

NC machines with 4 or 5 axes are capable of various tool approach motions, which makes interference-free and high machinablity machining possible. This paper deals with how to integrate these two advantages (interference-free and high machinability machining) in multi-axes NC machining with a ball-end mill. Feasible tool approach region at a point on a surface is first computed, then among which an approach direction is determined so as to minimize the cutting force required. Tool and spindle volumes are considered in computing the feasible tool approach region, and the computing time is improved by trans-forming surface patches into minimal enclosing spheres. A cutting force prediction model is used for estimating the cutting force. The algorithm is developed so as to be applied to 4- or 5-axes NC machining in common.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.13-23
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• 2023

도로, 철도 등의 토목시설공사는 제한된 구역에서 공정이 반복적으로 진행되는 건축공사와 달리 수십 km의 수평적 작업공간에서 선형 형태로 공정이 진행되고, 개별 공정은 시점부터 종점까지 거리 단위를 갖는 측점(Station)번호로 관리되고 있다. 이러한 이유로 공정의 작업 위치정보가 주요 관리요소가 되고 있으므로, 일정 정보만을 표현하는 간트공정표기반의 공정관리 체계는 한계점을 가질 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 공정의 시작 및 종료일을 나타내는 일정정보와 시작 및 종료 거리를 나타내는 위치정보를 동시에 표현할 수 있는 선형공정표의 구성 방법론을 제시하고, 이에 근거한 선형공정표 생성 시스템을 개발한다. 연구에서 선형공정표의 좌표축은 X, Y축을 각각 거리와 일정 값으로 구성하였으며, 개별 공정은 작업 내용을 유추할 수 있는 심볼로 표현하여 단순 막대도표 방식 대비 공정표의 시인성을 높였다. 개발된 선형공정표 생성 시스템은 철도시설 교량공사의 실제 공정 데이터를 활용하여 실무적 활용성을 검토하였다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.537-547
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• 2017

This study evaluates the wearing performance of a self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) belt for firefighters in Korea. A SCBA belt design was suggested based on the wearing evaluation of a SCBA belt; subsequently, prototypes I and II were created. A wearing evaluation of prototypes with improved design and design preference was performed. Six designs elements of the SCBA belt for firefighters were suggested based on the survey results of wearing the SCBA belt and for the SCBA belt design preference for use by firefighters. First, belt material should be made of black high-strength aramid textiles. In addition, Velcro should be used to attach and detach retroreflective and fluorescent materials along with various colors for visibility. Second, the chest belt should be made of the same material used for other parts; in addition, the chest belt should be moved to the center for center of gravity and a cobra buckle should be applied. Third, an O-ring should be applied to the back and the belt connected to the O-ring should distribute the weight in six axes. Fourth, a detachable air respirator should be able to separate by using upper and lower cobra buckles. Fifth, a separable leg belt and a detachable pocket are also suggested. Sixth, a ring for walkie-talkies, alarms and equipment as a fabric ring are also suggested. Prototype III with an improved design was created based on the results of the design suggestion.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.351-357
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• 2017

This paper proposes a LED bicycle headlamp with a wide viewing angle to help bicyclists see the front effectively and because of its high visibility to reduce the risks of accidents around intersections or blind spots. The wide viewing angle was determined to be $28^{\circ}$ because it can illuminate a 5 m wide area 10 m away. Therefore, the road conditions of the intersection can be observed with the bicycle handlebar tilted slightly to the left or right. The headlamp has a compact reflector with a width of 30 mm, height of 27 mm, and length of 17 mm. Owing to its size, a change in the position of a light source leads to severe changes in light distribution. Therefore, the tolerance of the source position was analyzed by a simulation. The tolerance was ${\pm}0.5mm$ at the X, Y and Z axes within a less centered aiming range of ${\pm}1^{\circ}$. Finally, the prototype of the bicycle headlamp was made and the light distribution was measured by an automotive headlamp light measurement system. The experimental results indicate that the headlamp illuminates a 5 m wide area with an edge light of 3.2 lx as well as meeting the K-mark regulation.