• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.15-26
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• 2008

It has been known that there is a viscoelastic instability in the channel flow past a cylinder at high Deborah (De) number. Some of our numerical simulations and a boundary layer analysis indicated that this instability is related to the shear flow in the gap between the cylinder and the channel walls in our previous work. The critical condition for instability initiation may be related to an inflection velocity profile generated by the normal stress near the cylinder surface. At high De, the elastic normal stress coupling with the streamline curvature is responsible for the shear instability, which has been recognized by the community. In this study, an instability criterion for the flow problem is proposed based on the analysis on the pressure gradient and some supporting numerical simulations. The critical De number for various model fluids is given. It increases with the geometrical aspect ratio h/R (half channel width/cylinder radius) and depends on a viscosity ratio ${\beta}$(polymer viscosity/total viscosity) of the model. A shear thinning first normal stress coefficient will delay the instability. An excellent agreement between the predicted critical Deborah number and reported experiments is obtained.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.399-422
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• 2018

Unwanted vibration is an issue in many industrial systems, especially in nano-devices. There are many ways to compensate these unwanted vibrations based on the results of the past researches. Elastic medium and smart material etc. are effective methods to restrain unnecessary vibration. In this manuscript, dynamic analysis of viscoelastic nanosensor which is made of functionally graded (FGM) nanobeams is investigated. It is assumed that, the shaft is flexible. The system is modeled based on Timoshenko beam theory and also environmental condition, external linear varying loads and thermal loading effect are considered. The equations of motion are extracted by using energy method and Hamilton principle to describe the translational and shear deformation's behavior of the system. Governing equations of motion are extracted by supplementing Eringen's nonlocal theory. Finally vibration behavior of system especially the frequency of system is developed by implementation Semi-analytical differential transformed method (DTM). The results are validated in the researches that have been done in the past and shows good agreement with them.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.317-346
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• 2019

Performance assessment of pavements proves useful, in terms of handling the ride quality, controlling the travel time of vehicles and adequate maintenance of pavements. Roughness profiles provide a good measure of the deteriorating condition of the pavement. For the accurate estimates of pavement roughness from dynamic vehicle responses, vehicle parameters should be known accurately. Information on vehicle parameters is uncertain, due to the wear and tear over time. Hence, condition monitoring of pavement requires the identification of pavement roughness along with vehicle parameters. The present study proposes a scheme which estimates the roughness profile of the pavement with the use of accurate estimates of vehicle parameters computed in parallel. Pavement model used in this study is a two-layer Euler-Bernoulli beam resting on a nonlinear Pasternak foundation. The asphalt topping of the pavement in the top layer is modeled as viscoelastic, and the base course bottom layer is modeled as elastic. The viscoelastic response of the top layer is modeled with the help of the Burgers model. The vehicle model considered in this study is a half car model, fitted with accelerometers at specified points. The identification of the coupled system of vehicle-pavement interaction employs a coupled scheme of an unbiased minimum variance estimator and an optimization scheme. The partitioning of observed noisy quantities to be used in the two schemes is investigated in detail before the analysis. The unbiased minimum variance estimator (MVE) make use of a linear state-space formulation including roughness, to overcome the linearization difficulties as in conventional nonlinear filters. MVE gives estimates for the unknown input and fed into the optimization scheme to yield estimates of vehicle parameters. The issue of ill-posedness of the problem is dealt with by introducing a regularization equivalent term in the objective function, specifically where a large number of parameters are to be estimated. Effect of different objective functions is also studied. The outcome of this research is an overall measure of pavement condition.

• 폴리머
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.475-479
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• 2015

모폴로지 분석을 통하여 반복압출에 의한 LCP(Vectra A950)와 PET 블렌드의 droplet 분산 상태를 확인하였다. 반복압출은 블렌드 조건별로 각각 2회, 3회 진행하였으며, 1회 압출 시료의 droplet 분산은 균일한 형태를 보였다. 하지만, 2회 및 3회 반복 압출 시료의 droplet 크기는 증가하였고 droplet이 시료의 중앙에 집중되는 현상을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 현상은 LCP/PET 블렌드의 상용성과 점탄성 거동에 기인한 것으로 생각된다. 끝으로 동일 방사조건에서 반복압출 LCP/PET 블렌드 chip을 방사하면 직경이 다른 섬유 제조가 가능할 것으로 생각된다.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.191-199
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• 2007

Precision injection molding process is of great importance since precision optical products such as CD, DVD and various lens are manufactured by those process. In such products, birefringence affects the optical performance while residual stress that determines the geometric precision level. Therefore, it is needed to study residual stress and birefringence that affect deformation and optical quality, respectively in precision optical product. In the present study, we tried to predict residual stress, final shrinkage and birefringence in injection molded parts in a systematic way, and compared numerical results with the corresponding experimental data. Residual stress and birefringence can be divided into two parts, namely flow induced and thermally induced portions. Flow induced birefringence is dominant during the flow, whereas thermally induced stress is much higher than flow induced one when amorphous polymer undergoes rapid cooling across the glass transition region. A numerical system that is able to predict birefringence, residual stress and final shrinkage in injection molding process has been developed using hybrid finite element-difference method for a general three dimensional thin part geometry. The present modeling attempts to integrate the analysis of the entire process consistently by assuming polymeric materials as nonlinear viscoelastic fluids above a no-flow temperature and as linear viscoelastic solids below the no-flow temperature, while calculating residual stress, shrinkage and birefringence accordingly. Thus, for flow induced ones, the Leonov model and stress-optical law are adopted, while the linear viscoelastic model, photoviscoelastic model and free volume theory taking into account the density relaxation phenomena are employed to predict thermally induced ones. Special cares are taken of the modeling of the lateral boundary condition which can consider product geometry, histories of pressure and residual stress. Deformations at and after ejection have been considered using thin shell viscoelastic finite element method. There were good correspondences between numerical results and experimental data if final shrinkage, residual stress and birefringence were compared.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.793-803
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• 2018

Based on the theory of porous media, an interaction system of a floating pile and a saturated soil in cylindrical coordinates subjected to vertical harmonic load is presented in this paper. The surrounding soil is separated into two distinct layers. The upper soil layer above the level of pile base is described as a saturated viscoelastic medium and the lower soil layer is idealized as equivalent spring-dashpot elements with complex stiffness. Considering the cylindrically symmetry and the pile-soil compatibility condition of the interaction system, a frequency-domain analytical solution for dynamic impedance of the floating pile embedded in saturated viscoelastic soil is also derived, and reduced to verify it with existing solutions. An extensive parametric analysis has been conducted to reveal the effects of the impedance of the lower soil base, the interaction coefficient and the damping coefficient of the saturated viscoelastic soil layer on the vertical vibration of the pile-soil interaction system. It is shown that the vertical dynamic impedance of the floating pile significantly depends on the real stiffness of the impedance of the lower soil base, but is less sensitive to its dynamic damping variation; the behavior of the pile in poro-visco-elastic soils is totally different with that in single-phase elastic soils due to the existence of pore liquid; the effect of the interaction coefficient of solid and liquid on the pile-soil system is limited.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.1189-1196
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• 1988

본 연구에서는 내경이 각각 8.5mm와 10.3mm이며 무차원길이가 각각 710과 1158인 두 개의 시험관을 사용하는 유동장치를 제작하여 시험관 입구에서부터 유체역 학적 경계층(hydrodynamic boundary layer)과 열적 경계층(thermal boundary layer)이 동시에 발달하기 시작하는 경계조건을 형성하고 관벽에서 일정한 열 플럭스(constant heat flux)를 발생하는 조건을 부여하였다. 퇴화현상(degradation)에 대하여 비교적 안정성을 가진 폴리아크라마이드(polyacrylamide) Separan Ap273을 수도물에 용해하여 제조한 폴리머용액으로 유동특성과 열전달특성을 실험하여 열적입구길이와 열전달특성 을 규명하고자 한다.

• 항공우주기술
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2005

복합재 무힌지 로터시스템의 구조 감쇠 증대와 공탄성 안정성 향상에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 무힌지 로터시스템의 구조 감쇠 증대를 위해 플렉셔에 구속 감쇠 처리 기법을 적용하였다. 점탄성 층과 구속 층이 부착된 플렉셔 구조물에 대한 모드해석은 MSC/NASTRAN을 이용하였고, 실험을 통해 구속 감쇠의 효과를 검증하였다. 구속 감쇠 처리된 복합재 플렉셔를 무힌지 로터시스템에 적용하여 제자리 비행 조건에서의 시험을 통해 in-plane 감쇠 증대를 고찰하였다.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.91-102
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• 2009

This paper describes an extension of viscoelastic Group Interaction Modelling (GIM) to predict the relaxation response of linear, branched and cross-linked structures. This model is incorporated into a Monte Carlo percolation grid simulation used to generate the topological structure during the isothermal cure of a gel, so enabling the chemorheological response to be predicted at any point during the cure. The model results are compared to experimental data for an epoxy-amine systems and good agreement is observed. The viscoelastic model predicts the same exponent power-law behaviour of the loss and storage moduli as a function of frequency and predicts the cross-over in the loss tangent at the percolation condition for gelation. The model also predicts the peak in the loss tangent which occurs when the glass transition temperature surpasses the isothermal cure temperature and the system vitrifies.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.133-140
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• 1995

The model of Poisson's ratio of the fruits was developed on the basis that the cylindrical fruits specimen became the barrel shape when it was being compressed. The model of the corrected creep compliance of the fruits was developed under considering the developed model of Poisson's ratio. Both of the Poisson's ratio and the corrected creep compliance of the samples showed the nonlinear viscoelastic behavior. Those models were a similar form, but their coefficients of the model were different, and these behaviors of the samples were well described by the nonlinear model as a function of the initial stress and time. Effects of storage condition and period on the Poisson's ratio of the samples were investigated, and comparisons between the corrected and the uncorrected creep compliance of the samples were made.