• Archives of design research
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• v.20 no.3 s.71
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• pp.119-128
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• 2007

With the development of digital technologies, CAID became an essential part in the industrial design process. Creating photo-realistic images from a virtual scene with 3D models is one of the specialized task for CAID users. This task requires a complex interface of setting the positions and the parameters of camera and lights for optimal rendering results. However, the user interface of existing CAID tools are not simple for designers because the task is mostly accomplished in a parameter setting dialogue window. This research address this interface issues, in particular the issues related to lighting, by developing and evaluating TLS(Tangible Lighting Studio) that uses Augmented Reality and Tangible User Interface. The interface of positioning objects and setting parameters become tangible and distributed in the workspace to support more intuitive rendering task. TLS consists of markers, and physical controller, and a see-through HMD(Head Mounted Display). The user can directly control the lighting parameters in the AR workspace. In the evaluation experiment, TLS provide higher effectiveness, efficiency and user satisfaction compared to existing GUI(Graphic User Interface) method. It is expected that the application of TLS can be expanded to photography education and architecture simulation.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.99-110
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• 2020

In terms of junior high school girls' growth patterns during early adolescence, are unlike childhood when relatively balanced growth patterns are found and high school years in which the normal adult body type is nearly reached, growth patterns displayed are imbalanced and rapid. In fact, diverse size changes by body part growth occur significantly different from individual to individual. Therefore, it has been hard for junior high school students to select their proper size when buying school uniforms. This study attempted to acquire basic data needed to address adolescent body shapes and school uniform patterns for junior high school girls, using the data from the 7th Size Korea Survey (2015). Specifically, it provides basic data for the development of school uniform patterns through the classification of their body into particular types, After extracting body shape components and a cluster analysis using ANOVA. According to a factor analysis conducted to determine body shape components, six factors were obtained: Factor 1: bulk and horizontal size, Factor 2: body height and length, Factor 3: shoulder shape and length, Factor 4: shape of upper body, Factor 5: lower drop, Factor 6: upper drop with a variance of 81.46%. To classify junior high school girls' body shape and determine their characteristics, a cluster analysis was performed with the variables obtained using factor analysis. Body shape was classified into three different types: Type 1 accounted for 30.7%. This was a short, slender body with the smallest bulk, size, and upper drop. Type 2 accounted for 24.9%. This was the largest in bulk and horizontal size and highest and length as well. Type 3 accounted for 44.5%. This type was close to average in terms of horizontal size, length and height, and high drop values. To develop school uniforms with great accuracy and body fit for junior high school students, there should be further studies on changes in body shape and their causes. The study results can serve as basic data for comparing branded school uniform patterns for junior high school girls and developing school uniform patterns based on body shape, using 3D virtual clothing simulations.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.49-58
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• 2007

Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 (HMIPv6) has been proposed by Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) to compensate for such problems as handover latency and signaling overhead in employing Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6). HMIPv6 supports micro-mobility within a domain and introduces a new entity, namely mobility anchor point (MAP) as a local home agent. However, HMIPv6 causes load concentration at a particular MAP and longer handover latency when inter-domain handover occurs. In order to solve such problems, this paper establishes a virtual domain (VD) of a higher layer MAP and proposes a MAP changing algorithm in which the routing path changes between mobile node (MN) and correspondent node(CN) according to the mobile position and the direction of the MN before inter-domain handover occurs. The proposed algorithm not only enables complete handover binding-update of the on-link care of address (LCoA) only when inter-domain handover occurs, but concentrated load of a particular MAP is distributed as well. This is because the MNs registered with higher layer MAP and lower layer MAP coexist in the VD. We simulate the performance of the proposed algorithm and compare with HMIPv6.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.44 no.10
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• pp.169-177
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• 2007

Existing wireless access (mobile) routers are based commonly on the network address and port translation (NAPT) technique which permits simultaneously sharing a subscriber's connection to the network with multiple users. However, the NAPT architecturally makes the users invisible on the network side, thus becoming a user-oriented connection technique. In this paper, we propose a novel service provider-oriented unlicensed nomadic access relay station (WiNNERS) for helping wireless broadband network service providers to make their business more lucrative by accommdating unlicensed band users as subscribers into their network. The WiNNERS offers service providers the capability to directly manage each of the unlicensed band users at the network side. This direct management allows the service providers to flexibly and simply handle QoS, access control, and billing for each user. In order to distinguish each of the unlicensed band users the WiNNERS constructs a virtual tunnel from each user's terminal to the network access router using connection identifiers which is defined for service flow management within the WiBro system, Consequently, our proposed service provider-oriented relay station can be included into the WiBro network system with minimum modifications.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.1-9
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• 2013

Even though the multiple pages TLB are effective in improving the performance, a conventional method with OS support cannot utilize multiple page sizes in user application. Thus, we propose a new multiple-TLB structure supporting multiple page sizes for high performance and low power consumption without any operating system support. The proposed TLB is organised as two parts of a S-TLB(Small TLB) with a small page size and a L-TLB(Large TLB) with a large page size. Both are designed as fully associative bank structures. The S-TLB stores small pages are evicted from the L-TLB, and the L-TLB stores large pages including a small page generated by the CPU. Each one bank module of S-TLB and L-TLB can be selectively accessed base on particular one and two bits of the virtual address generated from CPU, respectively. Energy savings are achieved by reducing the number of entries accessed at a time. Also, this paper proposed the simple 1-bit LRU policy to improve the performance. The proposed LRU policy can present recently referenced block by using an additional one bit of each entry on TLBs. This method can simply select a least recently used page from the L-TLB. According to the simulation results, the proposed TLB can reduce Energy * Delay by about 76%, 57%, and 6% compared with a fully associative TLB, a ARM TLB, and a Dual TLB, respectively.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.80-90
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• 2019

Even though Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) is used for data storage, a page table should be built to access data in it. And this observation leads us to the Persistent Page Table (PPT) scheme that keeps the page table in NVM persistently. By the way, processors have different page table structures and really operational page table cannot be built without virtual and physical addresses of NVM. However, those addresses are determined dynamically when NVM storage is attached to the system. Thus, the PPT should have system-independent and also address-independent structure and really working system-dependent page table should be built from the PPT. Moreover, entries of PPT should be updated atomically and, in this paper, we describe the design of PPT that meets those requirements. And we investigate how file systems can decrease the journaling overhead with the swap operation, which is a new operation created by the PPT. We modified the Ext4 file system in Linux and experiments conducted with Filebench workloads show that the swap operation enhances file system performance up to 60%.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.585-600
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• 2012

Security issues in online games are increasing as the online game industry grows. Real money trading (RMT) by online game users has become a security issue in several countries including Korea because RMT is related to criminal activities such as money laundering or tax evasion. RMT-related activities are done by professional work forces, namely gold-farmers, and many of them employ the automated program, bot, to gain cyber asset in a quick and efficient way. Online game companies try to prevent the activities of gold-farmers using game bots detection algorithm and block their accounts or IP addresses. However, game bot detection algorithm can detect a part of gold-farmer's network and IP address blocking also can be detoured easily by using the virtual private server or IP spoofing. In this paper, we propose a method to detect gold-farmer groups by analyzing their connection patterns to the online game servers, particularly information on their routing and source locations. We verified that the proposed method can reveal gold-farmers' group effectively by analyzing real data from the famous MMORPG.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.67-77
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• 2022

The sense of touch by natural wind is one of the most common feels that every person experiences in daily life. However, it has been rarely studied how natural wind can be reproduced in a VR environment and whether the multisensory contents equipped with artificial winds do improve human emotion or not. To address these issues, we first propose a wind reproduction VR system guided by video and wind capture data and also study the effect of the system on positive affect. We collected wind direction and speed data together with a 360-degree video on a yacht. These pieces of data were used to produce a multisensory VR environment by our wind reproduction VR system. 19 college students participated in the experiments, where the Korean version of Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (K-PANAS) was introduced to measure their emotions. Through the K-PANAS, we found that 'inspired' and 'active' emotions increase significantly after experiencing the yacht VR contents with artificial wind. Our experimental results also show that another emotion, 'interested', is most notably affected depending on the presence of the wind. The presented system can be effectively used in various VR applications such as interactive media and experiential contents.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.125-137
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• 2024

A conventional Design for Safety (DfS), introduced to eliminate potential hazards in the design phase proactively, has encountered persistent challenges, such as perfunctory risk assessments and hazard identifications based on 2D drawings and inefficient workflow processes. This study proposes a BIM-based approach to Design for Safety (DfS) to address the limitations of conventional methods, aiming to enhance efficiency and achieve practical safety management benefits. The proposed workflow process for BIM-based DfS has been refined and validated for on-site applicability through various case studies, including risk assessments during the design phase and field applications for safety management activities during the construction phase. Specifically, the critical process of risk assessment within the DfS methodology has also been transitioned to a BIM-based approach. This BIM-based risk assessment process has been evaluated through case studies, encompassing safety reviews for structural design, construction equipment operation, and construction methodology with sequence in design projects. Additionally, the proposed BIM-based DfS has demonstrated exceptional on-site applicability and efficiency, as validated by the application of a BIM deliverable embedded in DfS information for CDE-based daily activity briefing, VR-based safety training, AR-based mitigation measures inspections, and other safety management activities in the construction phase.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.31-46
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• 2012

The most critical technology to implement ubiquitous health care is Ubiquitous Sensor Network (USN) technology which makes use of various sensor technologies, processor integration technology, and wireless network technology-Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and Wireless Sensor Network (WSN)-to easily gather and monitor actual physical environment information from a remote site. With the feature, the USN technology can make the information technology of the existing virtual space expanded to actual environments. However, although the RFID and the WSN have technical similarities and mutual effects, they have been recognized to be studied separately, and sufficient studies have not been conducted on the technical integration of the RFID and the WSN. Therefore, EPCglobal which realized the issue proposed the EPC Sensor Network to efficiently integrate and interoperate the RFID and WSN technologies based on the international standard EPCglobal network. The proposed EPC Sensor Network technology uses the Complex Event Processing method in the middleware to integrate data occurring through the RFID and the WSN in a single environment and to interoperate the events based on the EPCglobal network. However, as the EPC Sensor Network technology continuously performs its operation even in the case that the minimum conditions are not to be met to find complex events in the middleware, its operation cost rises. Moreover, since the technology is based on the EPCglobal network, it can neither perform its operation only for the sake of sensor data, nor connect or interoperate with each information system in which the most important information in the ubiquitous computing environment is saved. Therefore, to address the problems of the existing system, we proposed the design and implementation of USN integration management system. For this, we first proposed an integration system that manages RFID and WSN data based on Session Initiation Protocol (SIP). Secondly, we defined the minimum conditions of the complex events to detect unnecessary complex events in the middleware, and proposed an algorithm that can extract complex events only when the minimum conditions are to be met. To evaluate the performance of the proposed methods we implemented SIP-based integration management system.