• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.1002-1020
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• 2018

Virtual reality (VR) technologies, which have been improved of late, offer experiences closer to reality than before. While VR technologies are expected to be an effective medium if used in learning content that cannot be offered in real life, distraction factors in VR technologies may prevent the users' presence and flow, making these technologies ineffective. Therefore, this study, through experiment and observation, analyzed the effect of distraction factors on the user's experience perception and learning effect when using HMD-based immersive VR. Experimental results revealed that the distraction factors were shown to have a negative, albeit not generally significant (except for tactile interactivity), effect on vividness, tactile interactivity, locomotive interactivity, presence, and flow. Ultimately, they were shown to have a negative effect on learning.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.167-174
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• 2021

This paper compares VR cinema with interactive cinema from an interactive perspective to examine cinemas as a new medium. Rather than revealing the difference through this, the focus is on presenting a methodology that understands the cinema in a new environment that is now standing at the starting point. The development of video technology is changing not only the external elements of content but also the internal storytelling method, but the lack of killer content has always been pointed out as a problem compared to the remarkable development of technology. Therefore, it is necessary to specify the characteristics and types of interactions represented by VR (virtual reality) and new media represented by interactive media and to present directions. Therefore, the types and characteristics of interactions were compared with VR film produced in line with the new phenomenon and interactive film . Through this, we would like to present the meaning and value of the new film format from a media perspective.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.605-613
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• 2018

In this paper, we propose a system to walk around the world with virtual reality technology. Although the virtual reality users are interested in the virtual travel contents, the conventional virtual travel contents have limited space for experiencing and lack of interactivity. In order to solve the problem of lack of realism and limited space, which is a disadvantage of existing contents, this system created a virtual space using Google Street View image. Users can have realistic experience with real street images, and travel a vast area of the world provided by Google Street View image. Also, a virtual reality headset and a treadmill equipment are used so that the user can actually walk in the virtual space, which maxmizes user interactivity and immersion. We expect this system contributes to the leisure activities of virtual reality users by allowing natural walking trip from famous tourist spots to even mountain roads and alleys.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.189-207
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• 2021

Voice interaction combined with artificial intelligence is poised to revolutionize human-computer interactions with the advent of virtual assistants. This paper is analyzing interactive elements of AI-based voice recognition services such as sympathy, assurance, intimacy, and trust on intention to use. The questionnaire was carried out for 284 smartphone/smart TV users in Korea. The collected data was analyzed by structural equation model analysis and bootstrapping. The key results are as follows. First, AI-based voice recognition service characteristics such as sympathy, assurance, intimacy, and trust have positive effects on interactivity with the AI-based voice recognition service. Second, the interactivity with the AI-based voice recognition service has positive effects on intention to use. Third, AI-based voice recognition service characteristics such as interactional enjoyment and intimacy have directly positive effects on intention to use. Fourth, AI-based voice recognition service characteristics such as sympathy, assurance, intimacy and trust have indirectly positive effects on intention to use the AI-based voice recognition service by mediating the effect of the interactivity with the AI-based voice recognition service. It is meaningful to investigate factors affecting the interactivity and intention to use voice recognition assistants. It has practical and academic implications.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.21-32
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• 2009

In this paper, we present a model of a virtual world that incorporates different time periods, in contrast to current popular virtual worlds like Second Life, to utilize the digital space fully. The construction of a virtual world in which we include historical information in the virtual life simulation utilizing the world map and current space information is proposed. The reason for incorporating time is that the virtual world varies according to the politics, economics, society, and culture of a particular time period, so users are able to play in a distinct virtual world as a resident and make their communities of their own free will. Like the online encyclopedia Wikipedia, the model proposed in this paper is a project designed to be maintained by and expanded through the interactivity of users, but unlike Wikipedia, users of this virtual world will be able to live and interact in a world of their own creation in addition to contributing real information.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 2006

Motivations to engage in internet shopping as well as traditional off-line shopping include both utilitarian and hedonic dimensions. It is important that online fashion retailers offer the sense of the real shopping experience that offline fashion retailers do. This article is to assess empirically virtual model impact on consumer's online shopping experience. To test hypothesis, an experiment was executed a field study on foreign internet shopping(www.landsend.com). Prior to administering the experiment, a pilot test was conduct among 20 undergraduate students to pre-test for computer system trouble and delay problem. The experiment was conducted to 90 studetns. The participants were instructed to answer all the questons based on their experience when using that particular internet shopping mall. The LISREL 8.50 was used for statistical analysis. The results indicate that the virtual model characteristics such as vividness, customization, and interactivity are important factors in affecting consumer's shopping experience. Online shopping experience have a strong positive effect on shopping mall loyalty.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.3-29
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• 2017

The purpose of this research is to understand immersive media such as virtual reality, augmented reality, mixed reality, 360-degree videos etc. from the perspective of user-based approach. 3D videos were once expected as the next-generation industry, but soon it further evolved into UHD and are now followed by immersive media represented by virtual reality. As the virtual reality plays an important role, the current research tries to bring up implications that can be applied to the industrial field along with academic understanding through six theoretical approaches related to virtual reality such as media richness, interactivity, presence, body-ownership, user experience, and visual perception. These six theories were used in immersive media studies such as 3D videos. Media richness and interactivity are the main factors forming positive or negative attitude, presence explains why users are immersed, user experience accounts for total psychological reaction, and visual perception explains how complex the experience of seeing is. Especially, although there is less media research applied, the body-ownership is likely to be not only used in virtual reality research, but immersive media research. The user-based theories related to virtual reality will provide various implications for immersive media researchers as well as hardware and content creators of virtual reality.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.42-57
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to examine a user-centered and interactivity-based user-participatory design that could be completed by users by helping them to better understand a diverse experience and be involved in a design process. The aspects of expression that were marked by direct user participation and subsequent interactivity in the areas of design, the arts and fashion were investigated to determine their characteristics. The kind of fashion that is characterized by interactivity is of significance in that it is variable according to the purpose of the users, it's possible to have sustained communication with them through their direct participation, and that the designer is consequently able to build a new, communicative relationship with the users as co-creators. This study found that the characteristics of interactivity through direct user participation are classified into four characteristics; One is playfulness. which offers a new experience and way to create fun and vale. Another is variability, which is changeability of form; the third is the convergence of technology and function. Lastly, the fourth is virtuality. This is to embody images in virtual space.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.15 no.5 s.58
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• pp.306-313
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• 2006

Digital simulation which was introduced to the architectural field due to the rapid growth of computer graphics, gave birth to a new type of contents called 'virtual reality', led by the interaction with the users and real time processing. The public attention is drawn to the virtual reality's potential as a next generational space simulation it, having the unique characteristics of 'simulation', 'interactivity', 'tole-presence', and 'immersion', is capable of taking a virtual tour of a space with a size equivalent to that of a real space, as well as proceeding with the design progress. Nonetheless, many problems impeding CPU's real time processing of an excessively loaded architectural model data have been pinpointed over the time. Yet such GPU based game engines as 'DirectX' and 'OpenGL', developed to deal with these impediments, have not been easily applied to the architectural simulation in the design process, due to the high license cost and the specific technical requirements for the system. The virtual reality has been developed and distributed centering around the gaming field, and game developers recently show a greater tendency to include level editors in the package for the expandability purpose. Thus, we plan to propose architecture simulation which utilizes level editors in this study. In addition, the compatibility of the game engine based level editors of Quake and Unreal which form the standards for the open source FPS games, based on VRML, the standard format for the virtual reality, was compared and analyzed. Taking the example of Villa Savoye of Le Corbusier, its application possibility as an architecture simulation was assessed, by measuring the extent to which the performance of such characteristic features of the virtual reality as interactivity, immersion, and tele-presence, was improved.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.725-741
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• 2019

Virtual Reality (VR) represents a key technology for future shopping platforms. This study examined the effect of vividness and interactivity, the two technological characteristics of VR, and fashion involvement, a consumer characteristic, on a consumer's intent to use VR stores under the framework of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The study explained consumers' belief in a new technology and the process underlying the use behavior. The survey was conducted on 200 people between the ages of 20s and 30s via an online survey firm. Data are analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. The results showed that a greater level of perceived vividness had a positive effect on ease of use and playfulness, while perceived interactivity had a significant impact on usefulness and playfulness. The findings also indicated that consumers with a high degree of fashion involvement tend to perceive a higher level of playfulness through VR shopping. Regarding the effects of consumer beliefs, perceived ease of use had a positive influence on usefulness perception. A higher level of perceived usefulness and playfulness meant a higher consumer intention to adopt a VR shopping platform.