• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.471-476
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• 1996

Blood biochemical and histopathological changes in vital organs of rabbits were studied after 19 wk of feeding composite diets (75 concentrate : 25 roughage) incorporating either urea (2%, wt/wt) ammoniated or alkali (1.5%, wt/wt) treated neem kernel meal (NKM) replacing peanut meal protein of control diet by either 50 or 100%. The blood biochemical constituents (Haemoglobin, Alanine amino transferase, Aspartate amino transferase, Total protein, Blood urea nitrogen &Cholesterol) in rabbits fed on processed NKM diet at either levels, were comparable to the values of thos on control diet except a lowered (p < 0.05) blood glucose concentration in processed NKM fed rabbits as compared to that in control diet fed ones. Histological examination revealed increased goblet cell activity, stunting of jejunal villi, mild tubular degeneration in kidney and hepatic fibro-cellular reaction in rabbits fed on urea ammoniated and alkali treated NKM diets with less marked changes in the latter. Testicular changes with variable degree of disorganization and vacuolation of spermatogonial cells were noticed in rabbits fed higher levels of urea-ammoniated and alkali treated NKM. Thus, alkali treatment and urea-ammoniation were effective in detoxification of meal, but the processing technology is to be further perfected to prevent cumulative effect of residual neem bitters in long term feeding.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.387-395
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• 1994

The effect of vitamin C on th egramoxone toxicity in the duodenal globlet cells of rats were investigated suing histochemical methods. Rats in control, gramoxone and gramoxone+vitmain C (Vt.C) group, aged 6 to 7 weeks, were fed 18% casein diet. In th egramoxone group, neutral and acid mucins of the globlet cells in villi and crypts of duodenum tended to decrease as compared with the control group. And the globle cells secreting nonsuphated mucins tended to increase in number, being usually accompanied by a decrease of the globlet cells secreting suphated mucins which are prominent in the duodenal mucosa of control group. However, the goblet cells secreting nonsuphated mucins tended to increase in the gramoxone + Vt.C group. Morphological changes of the globlet cells in the gramoxone group were noted vacuolation and demolition of globlet cells, while those changes were not significant in the gramoxone +Vt. C group. It seems to be that Vt. C has alleviating effects on the gramoxone toxicity in secretion and production of the duodenal goblet cells.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.257-260
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• 2014

A calf suffering from diarrhea was admitted to the Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency for diagnostic evaluation. Postmortem examination revealed that the mesenteric lymph node was enlarged and small intestine wall was thin. Microscopically, a large number of small round organisms were attached to the small intestine villi. Villous atrophy and proprial neutrophil infiltration were also observed. Based on modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining, electron microscopy, and ELISA results, the calf was diagnosed with fatal cryptosporidiosis.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.617-627
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• 1999

The present study was conducted to evaluate the usefulness of four kinds of legumes(black soybean: BS, yellow soybean: YS, green peas: GP, soybean curd residue: SCR) as a high-fiber supplement in the therapeutic diet for diabetic patients. Seven groups of normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were fed isocaloric experimental diets containing 8% dietary fiber from one of legumes for 6 weeks. The effects of legumes on the gastrointestinal function and diabetic symptoms in diabetic rats were also examined and compared with the effects of cellulose or pectin diet. Legume supplementations had no significant effects on alleviating typical diabetic symptoms such as polydipsia, polyphasia, polyuria, and urinary glucose excretion when compared with cellulose or pectin supplementations. The supplementations of legumes all resulted in remarkable changes in gastrointestinal functions: shortening of GI transit time and increases in fecal volume, fecal water and crude fat contents. Legume supplementations appeared to supress the damages of the small intestine villi and the enteritis symptoms in diabetic rats. GP led to regular villus patterns closer to normal villus. BS, YS and GP led to the enlargement of cecum in diabetic rats. In conclusion, the present studies have demonstrated that legumes may possess a significant physiological actions in the control of various diabetic conditions.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.72-78
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• 2015

Recently, noninvasive prenatal test (NIPT) has been adopted as a primary screening tool for fetal chromosomal aneuploidy. The principle of NIPT lies in isolating the fetal fraction of cell-free DNA in maternal plasma and analyzing it with bioinformatic tools to measure the amount of gene from the target chromosome, such as chromosomes 21, 18, and 13. NIPT will contribute to decreasing the need for unnecessary invasive procedures, including amniocentesis and chorionic villi sampling, for confirming fetal aneuploidy because of its higher positive predictive value than that of the conventional prenatal screening method. However, its greater cost than that of the current antenatal screening protocol may be an obstacle to the adoption of this innovative technique in clinical practice. Digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR) is a novel approach for detecting and quantifying nucleic acid. dPCR provides real-time diagnostic advantages with higher sensitivity, accuracy, and absolute quantification than conventional quantitative PCR. Since the groundbreaking discovery that fetal cell-free nucleic acid exists in maternal plasma was reported, dPCR has been used for the quantification of fetal DNA and for screening for fetal aneuploidy. It has been suggested that dPCR will decrease the cost by targeting specific sequences in the target chromosome, and dPCR-based noninvasive testing will facilitate progress toward the implementation of a noninvasive approach for screening for trisomy 21, 18, and 13. In this review, we highlight the principle of dPCR and discuss its future implications in clinical practice.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.805-813
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• 1994

Immunohistochemical study on the intestinal tissues obtained from the 21 pigs of the 14 terms in Korea in which the clinical and epidemiological features had indicated the possible outbreaks of porcine epidemic diarrhea(PED) was performed using the indirect immunofluorescence test and/or the immunoperoxidase method in order to detect PED viral antigens in the infected cells of the intestines, and histopathological features were described as well. By immunohistochemical analysis, PED viral antigens were detected in the epithelial cells covering the small intestinal villi and recognized slightly in the cells lining the colonic surface epithelium as well. Occasional fluorescence was also seen in a few intestinal crypt epithelium. On light microscopy, the piglets with PED showed marked villous atrophy and fusion, and severe enterocyte degeneration and desquamation. On the other hand, the older pigs more than 4 week old age was mild villous atrophy and fusion, severe villous epithelial cell proliferation, and moderate mononuclear cell infiltration.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.1011-1016
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• 2005

In this study, 90 crossbred weaned pigs（Duroc${\times}$Landrace${\times}$Large White）weighing - 7.86${\pm}$0.06 kg each were randomly allotted to one of three dietary treatments. Control pigs were a fed corn-soybean meal diet with no additives. The two treatment groups were fed the basal diet supplemented either with 75 mg/kg Aureomycin or 0.4% fructooligosaccharides (FOS) in order to study the effects on performance, serological indices, and enteric morphology in addition to examining the content of volatile fatty acids in intestinal digesta. The results indicate that the diets containing FOS and antibiotics had a significant effect on feed conversion ratios (FCR) and diarrhea incidence, as well as increasing the concentrations of isobutyric and butyric acid and total VFAs in the caecum, and acetic acid, isovaleric acid, and total VFAs in feces. Supplementation with FOS also resulted in significantly longer mucosal villi height and a higher percentage of goblet cells compared with the control. No difference was found in crypt depth among the three treatments. While serum glucose levels were significantly higher following FOS supplement, differences in serum total protein, albumin, globulin, and urea nitrogen levels were not significant.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.813-817
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• 2005

We investigated the effect of a viscous substance from chongkukjang (chongkukjang mucilage) on immunohistochemical reactions in rat gastrointestinal (GI) tracts, Rats fed a steady diet of chongkukjang mucilage showed an increase in the immunoreactive densities of gastrin and serotonin in the pyloric region of their stomachs and duodenal villi, The number of gastrin and serotonin immunoreactive cells was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group. Feeding on dietary chongkukjang mucilage increased the immunohistochemical densities of $CD4^+$ and $CD8^+$ lymphocytes in the mucosa and submucosa of the rats' gastroduodenal region. The universal nitric oxide synthase (uNOS)-immunoreactive neurons and nerve fibers were strongly stained in the vascular walls of the submucosa and myenteric plexus in rats fed the test diet. The results indicate that the intake of chongkukjang mucilage could increase mucosal immune activity, gastrointestinal motility, and blood circulation in the GI tract.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.185-191
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• 2003

There was a mass outbreak of death caused by transport stress and malnutrition in Japanese macaques imported from Japan at a farm stock in Korea, which were diagnosed on the ground of history taking, clinical finding, hematological examination and necropsy. Twenty eight Japanese macaques imported from Japan died suddenly from the 4th day after arrival in a farm. These animals were confined very small cages individually and lose the appetite for 10 days from shipping. Main clinical findings observed from alive Japanese macaques consisted of hypothermia and dehydration. On hematological observation for typical 4 cases showed increased erythrocytes and packed cell volume. On serum biochemical examination for 3 cases showed hypoglycemia, whereas blood urea nitrogen, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were increased. On necropsy for 3 cases, hemorrhage and congestion were observed on the lung and the walls of stomach and intestine were thinned. Histologically, hemorrhagic pneumonia and enteritis with loss of villi were seen. The death of these animal was caused by poor management during transport, which was resulted in transport stress and malnutrition.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.115-129
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• 1999

To evaluate radioprotective effects of Kamisagoonjatang(KST), Kamijihwangtang (KJT) and Kamigoonjajihwangtang(KKJT), studies were done experimentally. The results were obtained as follows: 1. By FACS analysis after exposure to radiation by Liniac, T cell and T-helper cell were significantly increased in KST treated group and also B cell and macrophage in KJT treated group while splenocytes were significantly decreased in control group. 2. WBC, PLT were significantly increased in KKJT treated group as compared with control group after exposure to radiation by Liniac. 3. In histological changes of jejunum of $BALB{\backslash}C$ mice after after exposure to radiation by Liniac, exclusion and fusion of villi were decreased in all groups as compared with control group. 4. In the observation of morphological changes by SEM and TEM after radiation by Liniac, KKJT, KJT and KST inhibited demage of internal structures such as mitochondria, ESR and golgi of jejunum cells in order as compared with control group. From above results it was concluded that KJT, KST and KKJT could be usefully applied for protection from damage by radiotherapy to cancer.