• Advances in biomechanics and applications
• /
• 제1권4호
• /
• pp.279-292
• /
• 2014

This paper presents some simulations of fluxes and pressures in the coronary network, in the case of very severe coronary disease (several stenoses on the left branches and total occlusion of the right coronary artery). In that case, coronary artery bypass graft surgery is the commonly performed procedure. However, the success of the intervention depends on many factors. Modeling of the coronary circulation is thus important since it can help to understand the influence of all these factors on the coronary haemodynamics. We previously developed an analog electrical model that includes the eventual presence of collateral flows, and can describe the different revascularization strategies (two grafts, three grafts, ...). The aim of the present work is to introduce in our simulations the time-dependence of the coronary microvascular resistances, in order to better represent the effect of the systolic ventricular contraction (which induces an elevation of the resistances because the vessels are squeezed).

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.39-46
• /
• 2009

Atherosclerosis is a disease that narrows, thickens, hardens, and restructures a blood vessel due to substantial plaque deposit. The geometric models of the considered stenotic blood flow are three different types of constriction of cross-sectional area of blood vessel; 25%, 50%, and 75% of constriction. The computational model with the fluid-structure interaction is introduced to investigate the wall shear stresses, blood flow field and recirculation zone in the stenotic vessels. The velocity profile in a compliant stenotic artery with various constrictions is subjected to prescribed physiologic waveform. The computational simulations were performed, in which the physiological flow through a compliant axisymmetric stenotic blood vessel was solved using commercial software ADINA 8.4 developed by finite element method. We demonstrated comparisons of the wall shear stress with or without the fluid-structure interaction and their velocity profiles under the physiological flow condition in the compliant stenotic artery. The present results enhance our understanding of the hemodynamic characteristics in a compliant stenotic artery.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.80-85
• /
• 2002

Purpose: This study is to assess the involvement of vessels in lower extremity in diabetics, using color doppler ultrasonogram. Materials and Methods: Arteries of both lower extremities were divided into 3 groups-large vessel (above-knee arteries), popliteal vessel, and small vessel(below-knee arteries) -, and evaluated using color doppler ultrasonogram in 60 diabetics. In color doppler ultrasonogram, the wave forms of all vessels were divided into 5 grades; grade I was triphasic wave form, grade II was spectral broadening form, grade III was monophasic wave form, grade IV was pulsus tardus et parvus form, grade V was absence of wave. Grade III, IV, V were grouped into vessel obstruction. We reviewed the correlationships among the degree of the peripheral vascular involvement, duration of dibetes, existence of bilaterality, types of dibetes. Results: Bilateral involvement was high in both lower extremity. Luminal stenosis, vascular calcification and vessel obstruction were high incidence in the patients over ten years of diabetic duration. Prevalence of vascular calcification and vessel obstruction were high in the small vessel of ankle level. But, insulin injection was not related to the incidence of vascular abnormality. Conclusion: Color doppler ultrasonogram seems to be useful for evaluation of peripheral vascular status, decision making for necessity of additional test, periodic follow -up tool in diabetes patients.

• 대한한방내과학회지
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.144-156
• /
• 1998

This study has been carried out to investigate the cause, pathological mechanism and treatment of symptoms regarded as the ischemic heart disease in Nei-jing(內經). I've got the following conclusions. 1. From the side of xing-bi(胸痺), the ischemic heart disease(IHD) was caused by that the energy in one's heart wasn't extended in the way of Yin-xie(飮邪), namely waste matter of human body and symptoms and treatment wern't written. 2. From the side of xin-bi (心痺), HID was catched by the mechanisms that the blood vessel is blocked. or the heart's blood was deficient owing to the mutation of mo-bi(脈痺), the lack of yang-ming(陽明) and excessive thoughts and worry and others. The symptoms were feeling oppressed in one's brest, palpitating, sudden dyspnea, the dryness of thorat, frequent belching and the fear by the inverse flow of the energy(氣). The treatment was that the yin(陰) was cured immediately, but the yang(陽) mustn't be attacked. 3. From the side of xing-tong(心痛), IHD was suffered from by mechanisms that following the han-sa(寒邪), namely the cold makes a invasion on humanbody, the vessel was blocked, spasm, filled and the amount of blood flow was poor, or caused by injury of vessel, the inverse flow and the disease of shi-dong(是動病) of shou-shao-xin-jing(手少陰心經) and so on. The pain was cramped into the upper and lower back or lower abdomen or throat and accompanied with nausea, abdominal dropsy, constipation, the impending of breathing and so on. The cure was mainly that acupuncture was applied at the jin-su(筋縮) region or meridian in relation to symptoms, but if the pain were severe, acupuncture mustn't be applied. The prog nosis was worse. 4. From the side of xing-tonge(心痛), IHD was divided into zhen-xing-tong(眞心痛) and jue-xing-tong(厥心痛), but pi-xiog-tong(脾心痛) and wei-xing-tong(胃心痛) out of jue-xing-tong(厥心痛) also included the symptoms of the digestive disease.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.89-115
• /
• 2012

Objective : Blood disease is common these days due to modern man's excessiveness in Yang heat (陽熱) and vulnerability of the Eum blood(陰血). This exposes them to warmheat/ dampness-heat diseases, where pathogenic heat easily penetrates the blood dimension(血分) creating stagnated blood(瘀血). Consequently, pathogenic symptoms in the collateral vessels increase, making it crucial to understand the pathogenic mechanism of the disease. Method : This paper examines the condition and region of the collateral vessel diseases(CVD) according to the blood diseases of Onbyeong, by analyzing each prescription's matching symptom. The disease in question in this paper is 'stagnated blood fixated in the collateral vessels'. Therefore diseases with stagnated blood in the Yang collaterals and Viscera collaterals or viscera themselves from the chapter of "On-Yeok-Ron(溫疫論)", and < Dry Blood-DaeWhangJaChungWhan(大黃蟅蟲丸) > chapter of "Geum-Gue-Yo-Rak(金匱要略)", were examined respectively. Result & Conclusion : The process of CVD according to the blood diseases of Onbyeong can be summarized as follows. First, bleeding in the Yang and Bowel collaterals, then stagnation in the Yang and Bowel collaterals, and finally stagnation in the viscera collaterals or Liver itself. The refractory nature of blood stagnation symptoms of the collateral vessels is mainly due to the characteristics of the collateral vessel itself. In structure, they are very narrow and small, situated at the most terminal part of the body where it is difficult for the Jeong Gi(精氣) to reach. Also, as they are symptomatic of degeneration of Jeong Gi, the root of the disease is very deep. Therefore to resolve blood stagnation in the cases of Ju-Gaek-Gyo and Dry Blood, general approaches using 'Gi communication(行氣)' or 'Blood vitalizing(活血)' medicinals will not suffice. Special medicinals such as crustacean and insects need to be appropriately applied.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제30권8호
• /
• pp.976-986
• /
• 1997

Coronary artery disease (CAD) such as angina pectoris and myocardial infarction(MI) have been considered the major cause of death for decaddes . THeir incidence and prevalence are still increasing . Numerous studies have been done on the risk factor analysis of CAD in Western countries. Since the diet in Western countries is different from that in Korea it is difficult to assume that the Korean diet has the same effects as its western counterpeart on the development of CAD . THus the gudidelines for the Western CAD patients can no totally be applied to Koreans. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between diet and CAD in Koreans. Subjects were comprised of patients admitted to the hospital for chest pain with poxxilbe CAD (men 129, women 65) . They were divided into the following three groups according to angiographic results ; angiogrphically normal coronary artery group (control), single vessel disease group(SVD) and multiple vessel disease group (MVD) . Intakes of dietary fatty acids and other nutrients were assessed by the semiquantitative food frequency method. Blood was also obtained from subjects for serum lipid analysis. Serum lipid profiles of men were clearly different form those of women. For men, serum choesterol levels (or LDL or LDL/HDL) seemed to be higher in the MVD group compared to the control and SVD groups, while TG level was significantly higher in the MVD group for women. Both men and women showed significantly higher caloric , fiber and vitamins C and A intakes in the MVD group than in the other two groups. Higher caloric intakes was due to higher intakes of carbohydrate and protein rather than fat intake. In terms of fatty acids intake, there were no significant differences among the three groups . Smoking seemed to have great effect on eating patterns in CAD patients. Smokers and ex-smokers showed significantly higher intakes of most nutrients including individual fatty acids that non-smokers. The results of stepwise regression showed that moderate alcohol intake decreases LDL levels and increases HDL levels and smoking seems to lowe HDL levels in CAD patients.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.229-251
• /
• 2021

Arteriosclerosis is the leading cause of stroke, with a fatality rate surpassing that of ischemic heart disease. High-resolution vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging is generally recognized as a non-invasive and panoramic method for the evaluation of arterial plaque; however, this method requires improved signal-to-noise ratio and scanning speed. Recent advances in high-density head and neck coil arrays are characterized by broad coverage, multiple channels, and closefitting designs. This review analyzes fast magnetic resonance imaging from the perspective of accelerated algorithms for vessel wall imaging and demonstrates the need for effective algorithms for signal acquisition using advanced radiofrequency system. We summarize different phased-array structures under various experimental objectives and equipment conditions, introduce current research results, and propose prospective research studies in the future.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제27권7호
• /
• pp.624-627
• /
• 1994

Congenital coronary arteriovenous fistula is a rare cardiac defect that causes coronary arterial flow to drain into the right cardiac chambers, the pulmonary artery, the coronary sinus, or the left cardiac chambers. The most frequently involved vessel is the right coronary artery. We experienced a case that had a coronary arteriovenous fistula associated with valvular heart disease. With the cardiopulmonary bypass done under hypothermia, mitral valve replacement was accomplished and the fistulas of both proximal and distal portions of the right coronary artery were closed with 3-0 prolene. Postoperative course was uneventful.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제32권12호
• /
• pp.1123-1126
• /
• 1999

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) technique has been much developed but CABG under cardiopulmonary bypass has the unavoidable deficits such as generalized inflammatory reaction from cardiopulmonary bypass and myocardial ischemia from aortic-cross clamp. There has been remarkable advancement of CABG without cadiopulmonary bypass. We performed CABG successfully without cardiopulmonary bypass. We performed CABG successfully without cardiopulmonary bypass in two patients with multivessel coronary disease who were failed to intervene with percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. We herein report the two cases.

• 중환자간호학회지
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2011

Purpose: The study was conducted to find out clinical characteristics for coronary artery disease patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records which included the data of 6,792 patients, who had been diagnosed coronary artery disease (CAD) such as angina or acute myocardial infarction and admitted to a university hospital in Seoul from January, 2005 to November, 2010. Results: Of the 6,792 patients, 43% had been diagnosed diabetes as comorbidity. The CAD patients with diabetes had lower left ventricular ejection fraction, stayed longer at hospital, and spent on more time from the first symptom to hospital visit than those without diabetes. In addition, they were more likely to have multi vessel coronary artery disease. Conclusion: The CAD patients with diabetes lay on the various factors which can make more worsen condition. Hence, we need to pay attention to specialized nursing care and patient education for the CAD patients with diabetes.