• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.384-392
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• 1989

Forty cases of coronary artery bypass grafting treated at the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, SNUH, Korea were compared with forty cases of the procedure treated at University of Alberta Hospital, Canada, in terms of pathoanatomy. That showed no difference in sex ratio between Korean and Caucasian the average ages, however, were 50.4 years and 60.9 years respectively [p< 0.005]. The leading cause of angina at presentation was unstable angina in Korean, but it was post-infarction angina in Caucasian instead. The incidences of single-vessel disease and double-vessel disease were similar in both countries, but the incidence of so-called triple-vessel disease was higher in Caucasian while left main coronary artery disease was more prevalent in Korean [0.01< P, 0.005]. < The internal diameters of surgically available coronary artery branches had similar characteristics and no significant statistical differences were found between them. The predilection sites of stenoses were proximal left anterior descending artery, left main coronary artery, proximal left circumflex artery and proximal right coronary artery decreasing in incidence respectively, in Korean. The myocardial perfusion score were 6.80 in single-vessel disease, 7.56 in double-vessel disease, 11.27 in triple-vessel disease and 9.77 in left main disease respectively, in Korean.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.267-275
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical availability of ankle-brachial index(ABI) according to severity of cardiovascular disease. The subjects of this study were the patients who had ABI in a general hospital. In this study, total 441 patients were enrolled for analysis. Electric medical records were reviewed to investigate the result of ABI and severity of cardiovascular disease measured vessel disease and Gensini score. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 program. Subjects with $ABI{\leq}0.90$ and > 0.90 were classified as having abnormal and normal ABI. There were significant differences in vessel disease categorization($x^2=4.731$, p=.030) and Gensini score(t=2.351, p=.019) between two groups. Therefore, ABI is an effective and non-invasive tool for the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease with high severity. ABI is a valuable predictive index of ischemic heart disease.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.533-538
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• 2016

Angiogenesis plays an essential role in embryo development, tissue repair, inflammatory diseases, and tumor growth. In the present study, we showed that endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) regulates retinal angiogenesis. Mice that lack eNOS showed growth retardation, and retinal vessel development was significantly delayed. In addition, the number of tip cells and filopodia length were significantly reduced in mice lacking eNOS. Retinal endothelial cell proliferation was significantly blocked in mice lacking eNOS, and EMG-2-induced endothelial cell sprouting was significantly reduced in aortic vessels isolated from eNOS-deficient mice. Finally, pericyte recruitment to endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cell coverage to blood vessels were attenuated in mice lacking eNOS. Taken together, we suggest that the endothelial cell function and blood vessel maturation are regulated by eNOS during retinal angiogenesis.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.32-40
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• 2016

Purpose: This study aimed to provide basic data for vascular health of patient who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) by verifying the mediating effect of compliance in the relationship between risk level of coronary artery disease (CAD) and blood vessel elasticity. Methods: This is a descriptive study with 115 patients, who underwent the PCI a year ago and visited in the cardiology department from January to March, 2015. The risk level of CAD, blood vessel elasticity and the compliance were measured. For data analysis, SPSS/WIN 21.0 and AMOS (IBM) 21.0 were used. Results: There were a positive correlation with blood vessel elasticity score (i.e. inelasticity of the blood vessel wall) (r=.189) and a negative correlation with compliance (r=-.658) in mediating effect of risk level of CAD. There was a negative correlation between compliance and blood vessel elasticity (r=-.482). The direct effect (${\beta}=-.226$), indirect effect (${\beta}=.415$) and total effect (${\beta}=.186$) of mediating effect of risk level of CAD on blood vessel elasticity were significant. Compliance had a partial mediating effect of risk level of CAD on blood vessel elasticity. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that managing and preventing moderating effect of risk level of CAD on compliance is helpful in restoring blood vessel elasticity.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.1030-1039
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• 1988

From 1985 through Oct. 1988, we have experienced 5 cases of Aorto-Coronary Bypass Surgery [ACBS] and 3 cases of Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Anogioplasty [PTCA]under the diagnosis of unstable angina. There were 6 males and 2 females who ranged from 48 to 70 years old. Almost all patients had a evidence of hypertension & hyperlipidemia. Two patients showed old myocardial infarction and remaining patients showed myocardial ischemia on resting state. The patterns of involvement of coronary artery disease were single vessel disease [4 cases], double vessel disease [3 cases], Triple vessel disease [1 case]. Among 5 cases of ACBS, double bypass graft was in 3 cases and single bypass graft was in 2 cases. Mode of anastomosis were all individual anastomosis, using Saphenous vein graft. Postoperative complications were perioperative myocardial infarction [2 cases], postoperative bleeding [1 case], leg wound disruption [1 case]. Perioperative myocardial infarction cases didn*t survive. In cases of PTCA, there were no complications. Follow up periods were ranged from 1 month to 25 months. All survived cases were asymptomatic except one case, who showed Functional Class II.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.349-354
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• 1993

From July 1992 through January 1993, 11 patients with unstable angina received aorto-coronary bypass surgery at Dong-A University Hospital. There were 5 males and 6 females whose age ranged from 36 to 76 years old. Of the 11 patients, 3 were Functional class IL 5 were Functional class 111.3 were Functional class IV. Preoperative coronary angiography showed a significant stenosis of the left anterior descending artery in 9 cases, of its diagonal branch in I case, of the circumfiex artery in 3 cases, and of its obtuse marginal branch in 2 cases, of the right coronary artery in 4 cases, and of left main coronary artery in 3 cases. There were 4 cases of single vessel disease, 1 double vessel disease, 3 triple vessel disease and 3 left main disease. A single graft was placed in 1 patient, a double graft in 5, a triple graft in 2, and a quadriple graft in 3 patients. Left internal mammary artery plus saphenous vein graft were used in 4 patients. Postoperative complications were mediastinitis in 1, sternal instability in 2, pneumonia in 1, arrythmia in I case.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.271-275
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• 1993

In this country, the number of patients with coronary artery disease is progressively increasing with the change of life style and improvement of the diagnostic procedures. In addition, the medically invasive procedure for treating ischemic heart disease was rapidly developed and the surgical patients have more complex and multiple lesions and more surgical risks. Fifty three patients with ischemic heart disease underwent coronary bypass grafting [CABG] for recent 24 months. Twenty patients had three-vessel disease, 17 patients two-vessel disease, and 2 patients single-vessel disease. The average number of distal anastomoses was 3.3 per patient with the range of I to 6 grafts. Forty-one patients [77.4 %] had preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction of 50 % or more and 14 patients[26.4%] had a significant left main coronary lesion. Saphenous vein grafts were employed in 52/53 patients [98.1%] and internal mammary grafts, which were anastomosed to left anterior descending artery, in 38/53 patients[71.7%]. Two patients, whom percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty failed for, underwent emergency CABG with only saphenous vein grafts and both patients survived.The hospital mortality was 1.9 % and there was no late death. Perioperative myocardial infarction occurred in 1.9%. All survivors were asymptomatic[in 83% of the patients] and/or improved over their preoperative status. Twenty-nine patients were included in blood conservation group and 21 patients [72.4 %] underwent CABG without any homologous blood transfusion. Our early result of coronary bypass grafting was comparable to that which was reported in other coronary surgery units.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.994-1000
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• 1995

Thirty patients with ischemic heart disease underwent coronary artery bypass grafting [CABG from 1985 through 1994. There were 16 males and 14 females whose age ranged from 41 to 72 years old. Preoperative diagnoses were unstable angina in 13 of patients, stable angina in 8, postmyocardial infarction state in 7, and state of failed percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty [ PTCA in 2. The patterns of disease were single vessel involvement [ 17cases , double vessel involvement [ 7 cases , triple vessel involvement [ 3 cases , Lt main lesion including Lt. ostial lesion [ 3 cases . Saphenous vein grafts were used in 27/30 patients [ 90% , and internal mammary artery grafts were used in 6/30 patients [ 20% . The hospital mortality was 13.3% and all survivors were asymptomatic and improved over their preoperative status.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.57 no.6
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• pp.287-291
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• 2014

Moyamoya disease is a cerebrovascular condition that results in the narrowing of the vessels of the circle of Willis and collateral vessel formation at the base of the brain. Although relationships between Graves' disease and cerebrovascular accidents in Moyamoya disease are obscure, the coexistence of the two diseases is noteworthy. Moyamoya disease has been rarely reported in adolescent patients with thyrotoxicosis. Recently, we encountered two adolescent Korean patients with Moyamoya disease associated with Graves' disease who presented with episodic right-sided hemiparesis and syncope. These two girls who had Graves' disease had no history of other diseases or head trauma. A thyroid function test revealed a euthyroid state and a high thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor antibody titer at that time. The patients were diagnosed with Moyamoya disease based on brain magnetic resonance angiography and cerebral four-vessel angiography. The patients underwent cranial revascularization by encephalo-duroarterio-synangiosis as soon as a diagnosis was made, which resulted in successful symptom resolution. They fared well and had no additional neurological symptoms as of their last follow-up visits. Here, we report these two cases of confirmed Moyamoya disease complicated by Graves' disease with a review of the literature, and discuss the possible association between the two diseases. To our knowledge, this is the first report in South Korea on Moyamoya disease associated with Graves' disease in adolescents with a euthyroid.

• Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neurosurgery
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.274-283
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• 2024

Objective: The incidence of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in young people is relatively low; however, it leads to devastating lifelong neurologic deficits. We focused on spontaneous ICH occurring in young adults between 30 and 50 years of age. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 139 patients, aged 30-50 years, diagnosed with spontaneous ICH between 2011 and 2021. Cases of ICH attributable to discernible causative lesions were excluded. Demographic data, laboratory results, image findings, and clinical outcome were analyzed. Results: After exclusions, 73 patients were included in this study. Common characteristics among the study patients included male sex (83.6%), high body mass index (>25 kg/m², 45.8%), smoking history (47.2%), heavy alcohol consumption (30.6%), previously diagnosed hypertension (41.1%), high serum triglyceride level (>150 mg/dL, 33.3%), and microbleeds or white matter changes observed on magnetic resonance images (51.3%). In the multivariate analysis, previously diagnosed hypertension was the sole significant risk factor for cerebral small vessel (OR 7.769, P=0.031). Age, brain stem location, Glasgow Coma Scale score at admission, and hematoma volume were associated with poor outcomes. Conclusions: Hypertension, obesity, smoking, and cerebral small vessel disease were important factors associated with non-lesional spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in young patients. Radiologic changes corresponding to cerebral small vessel disease appeared in young patients (in their 30s) and they were associated with hypertension.