• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.442-447
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• 1980

A 8-year-old boy underwent surgical correction of complete transposition S.D.D. of great arteries combined with subaortic ventricular septal defect and pulmonary stenosis [infundibular and valvular]. The operation consisted of an internal baffling connecting the left ventricle to the aorta through the ventricular septal defect. The pulmonary stenosis was corrected with the method of external connection, the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery using the conduit valve [20 mm] contained Hancock due to abnormal distribution of left coronary artery of which conduit due to abnormal distribution of left coronary artery of which the circumflex branch crossed the portion of right ventricular outflow tract. This case was suitable for corrective surgery-Rastelli operation-and the patient`s condition in very good until present [post-operative 5 months].

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.351-354
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• 2015

A five-month-old boy who had undergone previously transcatheter balloon atrioseptostomy at 3 days of age for complete transposition of the great arteries with ventricular septal defect and pulmonary stenosis underwent pulmonary root translocation with the Lecompte maneuver. This operation has the advantages of maintaining pulmonary valve function, preserving the capacity for growth, and avoiding problems inherent to the right ventricular to pulmonary artery conduit. This patient progressed well for 9 months postoperatively and we report this case of pulmonary root translocation with the Lecompte maneuver.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.274-280
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• 1979

A case of successful surgical correction of double-outlet right ventricle with situs inversus, dextrocardia, subaortic ventricular septal defect, and pulmonic stenosis is described. The great vessels were normally related but in mirror-image arrangement. Another coronary artery anomaly, single origin of coronary artery and a large anomalous coronary artery coursed across the right ventricular outflow tract, was accompanied. Intracardiac repair with a Dacron tunnel conduit and extracardiac jumping graft with a valved conduit gave an excellent result.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.457-463
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• 1986

Truncus Arteriosus is uncommon, accounting for 0.4%-2.8% of all congenital cardiac malformations. Truncus arteriosus has a poor prognosis in early infancy and defined as "a single arterial trunk that leaves the heart by way of a single arterial valve and that gives rise to the coronary, systemic and one or both pulmonary arteries directly." Through antemortem study of patients with truncus arteriosus the development of surgical techniques for palliation and correction was established. Recently we had surgical experience of truncus arteriosus - Collett '||'&'||' Edwards type 2. The main pulmonary artery was originated from truncus at right posterolateral aspect. Truncal valve was tricuspid with good coaptation. Ventricular septal defect was subarterial type of 2.0 cm in diameter. After detachment of the main pulmonary artery from truncus, truncus was repaired directly. Ventricular septal defect was closed with Dacron patch. Extracardiac valved conduit [Carpentier-Edwards: 16mm] was employed for making continuity between right ventricular outflow tract and pulmonary artery. Postoperatively, incomplete right bundle branch block on electrocardiogram was continued. Patient was died due to respiratory failure in postoperative 40 days.s.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.9
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• pp.945-950
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• 1996

Twelve patients with left ventricular-right atrial shunt (LV-RA shunt) underwent surgical correction be- tween April 1982 and March 1995. Seven patients were male and five patients were female. Age ranged from 3 to 26 years with mean age of 8.5 years. On the preoperative chest PA views, increased pulmonary vascularity was noted in 3 cases and enlargement of right atrium in 4 cases. The mean preoperative cardiothoracic ratio was 0.59. Echocardiographic studies were obtained in 9 patients and the preoperative echocardiographic diagnoses were LV-RA shunt in 2 cases, ventricular septal defect (VSD) in 6 casei, and atrial septal defect (ASD) in 1 case. The preoperative ngiographic diagnoses which were obtained in all patients were LV-RA shunt in 5 cases, VSD in 5 cases, ASD in 1 case, and VSD with ASD in 1 case. The descriptions of defect of LV-RA shunt according to intraoperative findings were supravalvular defect in 5 cases(42%), infravalvular defect in 4 cases (33%), and combined defect in 3 cases (25%). Associated anomalies of tricuspid valve in 4 cases of infravalvular defect were perforation (3 cases) and cleft (1 case). Primary closure of the septal defect was performed through the right atriotomy in all but one patient. There was no operative death. One patient underwent reoperation because of the residual interventricular shunt. All patients have been in good condition.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.32-41
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• 1992

From August 1982 to December 1991, 58 consecutive infants with tetralogy of Fallot underwent primary repair. Age ranged from 22 days to twelve months [n=58, 8.7$\pm$2.7 months] and body weight from 3.1 to 13 kilograms [n=58, 7.8$\pm$1.7 kilograms]. Qne infant had absence of the pulmonary valve; one had Ebstein`s anomaly and one had supramitral ring. Thirty-two patients [56%] experienced anoxic spell. Preoperative pulmonary artery indices were measured in 38 cases, ranging 126-552mm2/M2BSA[n=38, 251$\pm$79mm2/M2BSA]. All infants required a right ventricular outflow tract patch; in 41, the patch extended across the pulmonary valve annulus, in 13 of them, monocusps were constructed. All had patch closure of ventricular septal defect. Two infants had REV operation for avoiding injury to the canal branch of the right coronary artery which cross the right ventricular out flow tract. Post repair PRV/LV were measured at operating room in 40 cases, which revealed mean value of 0.49$\pm$0.12 [range: 0.25-0.74]. The hospital mortality was 10.3% [6 patients], and causes of deaths were right heart failure due to sustained right ventricular hypertension[4] and right ventricular outflow tract obstruction, intractablesuraventricular tachyarrhythmia[1], hypoxia[1] due to residual right to left shunt across the atrial septal defect in patient associated with Ebstein`s anomaly. All infants were doing well at follow-up from 1 to 101 months[20.6 months /patient, 1, 072 patient-month] Serial postoperative echocardiograms revealed no residual ventricular septal defects and estimated RVOT gradients between 0 and 40 mmHg except 3 cases [50, 50, 60 mmHg]. There were no late deaths and late ventricular arrhythmias or congestive heart failure. Redo operations were done in 2 cases because of residual right ventricular outflow tract obstruction. This experience with infants with tetralogy of Fallot suggests that, if mortality is tolerable, eletive repair of tetralogy of Fallot could be reasonably undertaken during the first year of life, and even better results could be anticipated along with improvement of methods of myocardial protection and postoperative care.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.180-185
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• 1993

From February 1982 to December 1991, 49 neonates and 105 infants in less than 3 months of age underwent open heart surgery in Seoul National University Hospital. There were 98 males and 56 females, and their mean ages were 16 days in neonatal group and 67 days in early infant group. Their body weight and height were less than 3 percentile of normal developmental pattern. In order of decreasing incidence, the corrected conditions included Transposition of great arteries with or without ventricular septal defect [43], isolated ventricular septal defect [34], Total anomalous pulmonary venous return [21], Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum [9] and others [47]. Various corrective or palliative procedures were performed on these patients; Arterial switch operation [36], patch closure for ventricular septal defect [34], Repair of total anomalous pulmonary venous return [21], RVOT reconstruction for congenital anomalies with compromised right ventricular outflow tract [17]. Profound hypothermia and circulatory arrest were used in 94 patients [ 61% ]: 42 patients [ 85.7% ] for neonatal group and 52 patients [ 49.5% ] for early infant group. The durations of circulatory interruption were within the safe margin according to the corresponding body temperature in most cases [ 84% ]. The hospital mortality was 36.4% ; 44.9% in neonatal group and 32.4% in infant group 1 to 3 months of age. The mortality was higher in cyanotic patients [ 46.6% ], in those who underwent palliative procedures [ 57.8% ], in patients whose circulatory arrest time was longer than safe periods [ 60% 0] and in patients who had long periods of cardiopulmonary bypss and aortic crossclamping. In conclusion, there has been increasing incidence of open heart surgery in neonates and early infants in recent years and the technique of deep hypothermia and circulatory arrest was applied in most of these patients, and the mortality was higher in cyanotic neonates who underwent palliative procedures and who had long cardiopulmonary bypass , aortic cross-clamping and circulatory arrest.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1139-1145
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• 1990

Seven infants less than age 3 months underwent patch aortoplasty and tube graft bypass for relief of coarctation of aorta. All had intractable congestive heart failure, despite aggressive medical therapy Each infant had other cardiac anomalies including patent ductus arteriosus, ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect and congenital mitral stenosis. All patients underwent closure of the ductus arteriosus and patch angioplasty of the aorta to produce a luminal diameter of at least 15mm or tube graft interposition utilizing the Gortex tube graft diameter larger than 10mm. In 5 patients who had ventricular defect, they underwent pulmonary arterial banding. &ere was one hospital death 17 days after operation secondary to the hydronephrosis and renal failure. Hospitalization was less than 10 days after operation except one case. In 3 patients who had associated VSD, open heart surgery[VSD closure+PA debanding]was done without difficulty. Surgical repair of critical coarctation of the aorta in infants can safely be offered despite the poor preoperative condition and presence of other cardiac anomalies.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.515-521
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• 1986

Double-chambered right ventricle [DCRV] is a rare congenital heart disease caused by anomalous muscle bundle traversing the sinus portion of the right ventricle well beneath the infundibulum. Recently we have experienced a case of DCRV with ventricular septal defect in 7-year old male patient. Preoperative cardiac catheterization and cineangiography revealed 80 mmHg pressure gradient between the proximal and distal chamber of the right ventricle and diagonal shape filling defect by the anomalous muscle bundle in the sinus portion of the right ventricle. Resection of the anomalous muscle bundle and patch closure of the ventricular septal defect was performed with cardiopulmonary bypass. The postoperative course was uneventful and excellent.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.589-597
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• 1985

Congenitally corrected transposition of great arteries is a rare congenital heart anomaly. We experienced two case of corrected transposition of great arteries, one [S,L,L] and one [I, D,D] associated with patent foramen ovale, ventricular septal defect and pulmonary stenosis. The patent foramen ovales were closed directly under right atriotomy, the ventricular septal defects were closed with Dacron patch under morphological left ventriculotomy and the pulmonary valvular and subvalvular stenosis were corrected under pulmonary arteriotomy. The postoperatively course was uneventful in case I, the permanent pacemaker was implanted in case ll.