• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.25 no.12
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• pp.1455-1460
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• 1992

Anomalous drainage of the right superior vena cava into the left atrium is a very rare congenital cardiac anomaly. Recently a patient with this venous anomaly was surgically corrected and forms the basis of this report. Patient findings were as follows: The patient has no other symptom but cyanosis which prompted cardiac evaluation Chest PA and electrocariogram were usual. Cross-sectional echocardiogram showed normally connected heart without intracardiac defect, Inferior vena cava drained normally into right atrium and coronary sinus was not dilated. Contrast, given into the right atrium, appeared in the left atrium This rare venous anomaly was confirmed by surgery. Surgical correction consisted of division of superior vena cava above the junction of left atrium and reanastomosis into right atrial appendage. Postoperative digital subtracion angiography confirmed the successful repair. She has doing well for 6months since operation. Systemic venous anomalies without intracardiac defect are very rare. However this anomalies should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cyanosis. The successfully corrected case is reported and literature is reviewed.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.65-72
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• 1969

Superior Vena Cava Syndrome: Dacron and Nylon graft between the left innominate vein and the right atrial appendage. Two cases with typical superior vena cave syndrome treated by by-pass graft between the left innominate vein and the right atrial apepndage were presented. One of them was a 58 year old farmer who suffered from marked swelling of the neck and upper half of body, the other was a 50 years old government employee who had acutely progressive symptoms of superior vena cave obstruction. Both of cases revealed that [1] cubitel venous pressure was markedly increased. [2] tumors were noted in the posterior mediastinum by laminography. [3] preoperative cavogram showed the occlusion of superior vena cava and marked collaterals. Dacron and Nylon graft were inserted between the left innominate vein and the right atrial appendage. Postoperatively, the symptoms were relieved markedly, showing edema free face and decreased cubital venous pressure. Postoperative cavogram showed patent graft. Histologically the first case was diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma and the second as undifferentiated carcinoma, originated probably from bronchus. Total doses of 3150 r X-ray irradiation and 5000 mg of 5-FU were administered in each cases. The first case expired 11 months postoperatively without recurrence of superior vena cave obstruction symptom and the second case is living now without obstruction signs, 4 months after by-pass operation.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.134-137
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• 1980

This represents a case report of the retained polyethylene catheter fragment in superior vena cava. A 39 year old male was admitted to this Korea University Hospital a short time after compression wound on abdomen with heavy cement material in emergency room, a polyethylene catheter was introduced into the right subclavian vein through a needle. But when the polyethylene catheter was attempted to withdraw the catheter was severed by the beveled tip of the needle. Later that day, chest X-ray disclosed the presence of the fragment extending from right subclavian vein to the superior vena cava. {Fig. 1 and Fig. 2]. Local exploration by way of an infraclavicular incision was unsuccessful in locating the catheter fragment. Another attempt was then made remove the catheter by means a biotome, which is originally a device for the biopsy of the myocardium, introduced through the right great saphenous vein. This procedure, though well tolerated by the patient, was in vain. After 11 days later, during that time he was taken a laparotomy with drain, another operation for removal of retained catheter fragment was performed through median sternotomy. After exposure of the right subclavian vein, innominate vein, and superior vena cava, an incision 1 cm in |length was made directly over the palpated catheter. The catheter immediately was picked upward and removed. The length of the catheter was approximately 8 cm. [Fig 3 ] There was no evidence of thromboembolism from the catheter or other complications. The patient made an uneventful recovery, and was discharged asymptomatic on the 9th postoperative day.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.198-204
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• 2008

Behcet Disease is a multisystem inflammatory disorder of unknown orign. It is characterized by recurrent oral ulcer, genital ulcer, skin lesions and ocular inflammation, and which may involve the joints, skin, central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract. Because Behcet Disease dose not have any specific symptoms and laboratory findings, the diagnosis is made on the basis of the criteria proposed by the the International Study Group for Behcet Disease. Behcet Disease is affecting both arteries and veins, and clinically manifest large vessel involvement occurs in between 7 and 49% of patients. Superior vena cava thrombosis is a rare but well-recognized manifestation of Behcet disease. We report a case of a Behcet Disease with superior vena cava thrombosis in a patient presenting delayed facial wound healing.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.188-191
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• 2006

Papillary thyroid carcinoma is rarely associated with macroscopic vascular invasion or tumor thrombosis. Especially, superior vena cava syndrome(SVCS) resulted from tumor thrombosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma is extremely rare. We present herein a case of SVCS caused by tumor thrombosis from papillary thyroid carcinoma which was successfully solved by intravascular placement of self-expandable stent in 74-year-old woman.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.110-117
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• 1980

This is a case report of total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage with Atrial septal defect, which was corrected surgically by intracardiac procedure under total cardiopulmonary bypass. This 9 years old girl, she complained mild cyanosis, exertional dyspnea, and frequent upper respiratory infection from 3 months age. The chest X-ray showed cardiomegaly and a "snow man appearance", she has systolic murmur with splitting of S2. The diagnosis was confirmed with right heart catheterization, the catheter was reached to right pulmonic vein passed through right atrium, right superior vena cava, innominate vein, left superior vena cava, and common venous trunk. On 28th, Dec. 1979, an anastomosis between common pulmonary venous trunk and left atrium, Pericardial patch closure of ASD, and ligation of left superior vena cava were performed with Extra-corporeal circulation. The postoperative course was uneventful and discharged with excellent general condition.Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Drainage with A.S.D. with A.S.D.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.105-108
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• 2018

Persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) is a common venous anomaly of the thorax and usually drains into the right atrium. Less often it drains into the left atrium and has previously been related to ischemic stroke. We report a case of PLSCV that founded during ischemic stroke evaluation in a 77-year-old woman which was detected on transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCD) with saline agitated test and computed tomography.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.281-294
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• 1977

Superior vena cava to pulmonary arterial shunting operation was made between the superior vena cava and the right pulmonary artery in the fashion of end-to-end anastomosis in 20 mongrel dogs. The experimental animals were divided into three group and blood flow in the superior vena cava was occluded for 20, 30 and 60 minutes respectively, and observations were made for the changes in caval pressure and cerebrospinal fluid pressure. And pathologic examinations were also performed. On occluding the caval blood flow, the superior vena caval pressure was sharply and immediately elevated from $103.5{\pm}19.8mmH_2O$ at thoracotomy to $556.4{\pm}86.lmmH_2O$ within 2 minutes to make its plateau thereafter, and the cerebrospinal fluid pressure followed closely the changes of the superior vena caval pressure in its level and pattern being elevated from $102.0{\pm}19.9mmH_2O$ to $490.5{\pm}79.9mmH_2O$. The drops of both the caval and cerebrospinal fluid pressures were definite and marked on opening the shunt flow through the anastomosis, but these postoperative pressures retained still higher ones above their levels measured at thoracotomy. The pathological examinations of the brain and the spinal cord were also performed in six animals. Characteristic changes uniformly seen in all area and in all animals were the findings of capillary congestion and perivascular edema. On the other hand, ischemic nerve cell changes were rather evident, revealing their degrees and extents being related to the prolongation of the time of caval occlusion which has followed by the sustained high pressures in both the superior vena and the cerebrospinal fluid. The experiment suggests the safety of this surgical procedure with minimal, if any, permanent damage as long as the occlusion of the caval blood flow is not prolonged beyond the expected.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.239-243
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• 2002

In this case, a 39 year-old man was admitted with Budd-Chiari syndrome associated with complete superior vena cava(SVC) obstruction causing general edema and hepatic failure. Conservative medical therapy was failed. And after the radiologist failed to invasive procedure of balloon dilatation, we attempted the inferior vena cava to right atrium bypass graft. Operation was done through median sternotomy and extended vertical oblique abdominal incision. A 24 mm Dacron tube was placed from the inferior vena cava just below the left renal vein to the right atrium without using the cardiopulmonary bypass pump. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful without signs of bleeding or any other complications. We used anticoagulants at the postoperative first day. At the postoperative 26th day, we performed abdominal Doppler sonography and we confirmed that the graft patency was good. The patient was discharged with SVC obstructive symptoms but we noticed relief of SVC obstructive symptoms in the course of follow-up.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.173-177
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• 2001

A 38-year-old woman presented with facial edema with neck vein engorgement for about 45 days. Chest roentgenography showed bulging soft tissue opacities in the right superoanterior mediastinum and a lobulated intraluminal mass was noted in the superior vena cava on the venacavogram. The superior vena cava was incised and the tumor located from the junction of the superior vena cava and internal jugular vein to the right atrial inlet was excised. Grossly, the tumor was myxoid or gelatinous in appearance. A combination of microscopic and immunohistochemical features showed myxoid leiomyosarcoma arising from the wall of the superior vena cava.