• 대한기계학회논문집B
• /
• 제26권10호
• /
• pp.1378-1386
• /
• 2002

In the present study, velocity profile and wall shear stress distributions of developing turbulent oscillatory flows in an oscillator connected to straight duct located in exit region of a curved duct was investigated experimentally. The experimental study for air flows was conducted to measure axial velocity profiles, shear stress distributions by using the Laser Doppler Velocimetry(LDV) system with the data acquisition and processing system of Rotating Machinery Resolver(R.M.R) and PHASE software. The results obtained from experimental studies are summarized as follows. The critical Reynolds number for a change from transitional oscillatory flow to turbulent flow was about 7500, in the 60region of dimensionless axial position which was considered as a fully developed flow region. The turbulent oscillatory flow, velocity profiles of the inflow period in the entrance region were gradually developed, but those of the outflow period were not changed nearly. Velocity profiles of inflow and outflow were shown as a symmetric form in a fully developed flow region. The wall shear stress distributions of turbulent oscillatory flow increase rapidly as the flow proceeds to downstream and flow was in good agreement with the theoretically.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한기계학회 2000년도 추계학술대회논문집B
• /
• pp.397-403
• /
• 2000

In the present study, flow characteristics of turbulent pulsating flow in a square-sectional $180^{\circ}$ curved duct were experimentally investigated. Experimental studies for air flows were conducted to measure axial velocity and wall shear stress distributions and entrance length in a square-sectional $180^{\circ}$ curved duct by using the LDV with the data acquisition and the processing system. The experiment was conducted in seven sections from the inlet (${\phi}=0^{\circ}$) to the outlet (${\phi}=180^{\circ}$) at $30^{\circ}$ intervals of the duct. The results obtained from the experimentation were summarized as follows ; (1) When the ratio of velocity amplitude ($A_1$) was less than one, there was hardly any velocity change in the section except near the wall and any change in axial velocity distributions along the phase. When the ratio of velocity amplitude ($A_1$) was 0.6, the change rate of velocity was slow. (2) Wall shear stress distributions of turbulent pulsating flow were similar to those of turbulent steady flow. The value of the wall shear stress became minimum in the inner wall aid gradually increased toward the outer wall where it became maximum. (3) The entrance length of turbulent pulsating flow reached near the region of bend angle of $90^{\circ}$, like that of turbulent steady flow. The entrance length was changed by the dimensionless angular frequency (${\omega}^+$).

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.179-186
• /
• 1997

Steady and physiological flows of a Newtonian fluid and blood in the abdominal gorta/iliac artery bifurcation are numerically simulated to understand the etiology and pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Distributions of velocity, pressure, and wall shear stress in the bifurcated arterial vessel model are calculated to investigate the differences of flow characteristics between steady and physiological flows and to compare flow characteristics of blood with that of a Newtonian fluid For the given Reynolds number the flow characteristics of physiological flows for a Newtonian fluid and blood in the bifurcated arterial vessel are quite different from thcse of steady flows. No flow separation or flow reversal in the bifurcated region appears downstream of a stenosis during the acceleration phase. However, during the deceleration phase the flow exhibits flow separation in the outer walls of daugtlter branches, which extends to the entire wall region.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.817-824
• /
• 2001

In the present study, flow characteristics of turbulent oscillatory flows in the exit region connected to the square-sectional $180^{\circ}$curved duct was investigated experimentally. The experimental study for air flows was conducted to measure velocity profiles, shear stress distributions by using the Laser Doppler Velocimetry(L.D.V) system with the data acquisition and processing system of Rotating Machinery Resolver(R.M.R) and PHASE software. The results obtained from the experimentation were summarized as follows : The critical Reynolds number for a change from transitional oscillatory flow to turbulent oscillatory flow was about 75,000 in the 90 region of dimensionless axial position (x/Dh) which was considered as a fully developed flow region. In the turbulent oscillatory flow, velocity profiles of the inflow period in the entrance region were gradually developed, but those of the outflow period were not changed nearly. Shear stress distributions of turbulent oscillatory flow was gradually increased as the flow proceeds to downstream.

• 설비공학논문집
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.81-88
• /
• 1995

Fully developed turbulent flow through three concentric annuli with both the rough inner and outer walls was experimentally investigated for a Reynolds number range Re=15,000-85,000. Measurements were made of the pressure drop, the positions of zero shear stress and maximum velocity, and the velocity distributions in annuli of radius ratios, ${\alpha}=0.26$, 0.4 and 0.56, respectively. The experimental results showed that the positions of zero shear streess and maximum velocity were only weakly dependent on the Reynolds number. It was also found that the position of zero shear stress was not coincident with that of maximum velocity. Furthmore, the former was influenced more sensitively than the latter on the square-ribbed roughness along the axial direction.

• 대한기계학회논문집
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.64-70
• /
• 1985

본 연구에서는 관내분류에 관한 수치 해석을 Reynolds응력 모델 즉 5방정식 모델을 사용하여 흐름의 특성을 구명키로 하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.403-413
• /
• 1985

본 논문에서는 수직벽 하류에 형성되는 박이 전단층의 발전과 재부착 그리고 재발전 경계층에 대해 평균 속도, 벽면의 압력 분포, 난류 강도, 레이놀즈 전단 압력 및 아직 수직벽에 대해서는 보고된바 없는 난류 떨림 속도 성분들의 3승곱 통계치를 측정하여 난류 구조의 변화를 분석하고 이를 수치적 계산 모델개발의 자 료로 제공하고자 함이 이 연구의 목적이다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.139-152
• /
• 1998

In the present study, the flow characteristics of developing laminar oscillatory flows in a square -sectional 180 deg. curved duct are investigated experimentally. The experimental study using air in a square-sectional 180 deg. curved duct is carried out to measure velocity distributions with a data acquisition and LDV (Laser Doppler Velocimetry) processing system. In this system, Rotating Machinery Resolver (RMR) and PHASE program are used to obtain the results of unsteady flows. The major flow characteristics of developing oscillatory flows are found by analyzing velocity curves, mean velocity profiles, time-averaged velocity distribution of secondary flow, wall shear stress distributions, and entrance lengths. In a lower dimensionless angular frequency, the axial velocity distribution of laminar oscillatory flow in a curved duct shows a convex shape in a central part and axial symmetry. The maximum value of wall shear stress in a lower dimensionless angular frequency is located in an outside wall, but according to increasing the dimensionless angular frequency, the maximum of wall shear stress is moved to inner wall. The entrance lengths of laminar oscillatory flows in a square-sectional 180 deg. curved duct is obtained to 90 deg. of bended angle of duct in this experimental conditions.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제35권7호
• /
• pp.930-937
• /
• 2011

The characteristics of mean velocity and turbulence have been analyzed in the circular open channel flow using PIV measurement data for a wide range of water depth. The measured data are fitted to a velocity distribution function over the whole depth of the open channel. Reynolds shear stress and mean velocity in wall unit are compared with the analytic models for fully-developed turbulent boundary layer. Both the mean velocity and Reynolds shear stress have different distributions from the two-dimensional boundary layer flow when the water depth increases over 50% since the influence of the side wall penetrates more deeply into the free surface. The cross-stream Reynolds normal stress also has considerably different distribution in view of its peak value and decreasing rate in the outer region whether the water depth is higher than 50% or not.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
• /
• 제5권4호
• /
• pp.199-209
• /
• 2018

하천설계에서 제방과 홍수터의 안정성 확보를 위해서는 바닥전단응력을 고려하는 것이 필수적이다. 본 연구에서는 다양한 하폭과 수심에 따른 복단면의 바닥전단응력을 모의하여 분포 특성을 분석하였다. 바닥전단응력 분포에 지배적인 영향을 주는 이차류를 모의하기 위하여 OpenFOAM의 large eddy simulation (LES)를 적용하였으며 하폭과 수심을 고려하여 12개의 케이스를 모의하였다. 모의 결과를 이용하여 시간 평균 유속 분포, 이차류 분포, 바닥전단응력 분포 등의 특성에 대하여 분석하였다. 홍수터 바닥전단응력 분포는 전체적으로 홍수터 좌안에서 높은 값이 나타나고 우안 방향으로 감소하는 경향을 확인하였으나 이차류에 의해 상당한 국부적인 변화가 나타남을 확인하였다. 홍수터의 수심이 얕은 경우에는 홍수터의 바닥전단응력이 평균전단응력의 0.8배 이하로 낮은 값이 나타나고 있으나 홍수터의 수심이 깊은 경우에는 평균전단응력의 1.2-1.4배의 높은 값이 나타남을 확인하였다. 홍수터의 폭이 좁은 경우에는 홍수터 우안 측벽의 영향으로 국부적으로 높은 값이 나타나는 것도 확인할 수 있었다.