• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.427-434
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• 2009

A new surface shape of an internal cooling passage which largely reduces the pressure drop and enhances the surface heat transfer is proposed in the present study. The surface shape of the cooling passage is consisted of the concave dimple and the riblet inside the dimple which is protruded along the stream-wise direction. Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) for the fully developed turbulent flow and thermal fields in the cooling passage is conducted. The numerical simulations for five different surface shapes are conducted at the Reynolds number of 2800 based on the mean bulk velocity and channel height and Prandtl number of 0.71. The driving pressure gradient is adjusted to keep a constant mass flow rate in the x direction. The thermoaerodynamic performance for five different cases used in the present study was assessed in terms of the drag, Nusselt number, Fanning friction factor, volume and area goodness factor in the cooling passage. The value of maximum ratio of drag reduction is -22.86 %, and the value of maximum ratio of Nusselt number augmentation is 7.05% when the riblet angle is $60^{\circ}$. The remarkable point is that the ratio of Nusselt number augmentation has the positive value for the surface shapes which have over $45^{\circ}$ of the riblet angle. The maximum volume and area goodness factors are obtained when the riblet angle is $60^{\circ}$.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회B
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• pp.2465-2470
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• 2008

A new surface shape of an internal cooling passage which largely reduces the pressure drop and enhances the surface heat transfer is proposed in the present study. The surface shape of the cooling passage is consisted of the concave dimple and the riblet inside the dimple which is protruded along the stream-wise direction. Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) for the fully developed turbulent flow and thermal fields in the cooling passage is conducted. The Numerical simulations for the 5 different surface shapes are conducted at the Reynolds number of 2800 based on the mean bulk velocity and channel height and Prandtl number of 0.71. The driving pressure gradient is adjusted to keep a constant mass flow rate in the x direction. The thermo-aerodynamic performance for the 5 different cases used in the present study was assessed in terms of the drag, Nusselt number, Fanning friction factor, Volume and Area goodness factor in the cooling passage. The value of maximum ratio of drag reduction is -22.86 [%], and the value of maximum ratio of Nusselt number augmentation is 7.05 [%] when the riblet angle is $60^{\circ}$ (Case5). The remarkable point is that the ratio of Nusselt number augmentation has the positive value for the surface shapes which have over $45^{\circ}$ of the riblet angle. The maximum Volume and Area goodness factor are obtained when the riblet angle is $60^{\circ}$ (Case5).

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.1019-1029
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• 2006

The ballistic range has long been employed in a variety of engineering fields such as high-velocity impact engineering, projectile aerodynamics, creation of new materials, etc, since it can create an extremely high-pressure state in very short time. Of many different types of ballistic ranges developed to date, two-stage light gas gun is being employed most extensively. In the present study, a theoretical work has been made to develop a new type of ballistic range which can easily simulate a flying projectile. The present ballistic range consists of high-pressure tube, piston, pump tube, shock tube and launch tube. The effect of adding a shock tube in between the pump tube and launch tube is investigated. This improvement is identified as the reduction in pressures in the high pressure tube and pump tube while maintaining the projectile velocity. Equations of motions of piston and projectile are solved using Runge-Kutta methods. Dependence of projectile velocity on various design factors such as high pressure tube pressure, piston mass, projectile mass, area ratio of pump tube to launch tube and type of driver gas in the pump tube are also analyzed. Effect of various gas combinations is also investigated. Calculations show that projectile velocities of the order 8 km/sec could be achieved with the present ballistic range.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.19-30
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• 2000

The characteristics of NOx emissions in pure hydrogen nonpremixed flames with coaxial air are analyzed numerically for the three model cases of coaxial air flames classified by varying coaxial air velocity and/or fuel velocity. In coaxial air flames, the flame length is reduced by coaxial air and can be represented as a function of the ratio of coaxial air to fuel velocity. Coaxial air decreases flame reaction zone, resulting in reducing flame residence time significantly. Finally, the large reduction of EINOx is achieved by the decrease of the flame residence time. It is found that because coaxial air can break down the flame self-similarity law, appropriate scaling parameters, which are different from those in the simple jet flames, are recommended. In coaxial air flames, the flame residence time based on the flame volume produces better results than that based on a cube of the flame length. And some portion of deviations from the 1/2 scaling law by coaxial air may be due to the violation of the linear relationship between the flame volume and the flame reaction zone.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 상대적으로 얇은 두께의 스트럿을 가진 스텐트를 적용하여 스텐트의 공극률(80%, 74% 및 64%)에 따른 뇌동맥류 내부 유동 특성 변화를 이해하고자 CFD 해석을 수행하고, 기존의 발표된 실험 결과와 비교하였다. 수치해석 방법으로는 이차의 사면체 요소(quadratic tetrahedral element) 기반의 유한요소해석(FEM) 코드를 이용하였다. 뇌동맥류 내부 평균유속 감소비의 정량적인 면에서는 실험결과와 약간의 차이를 보였으나, 스텐트 공극률에 따른 뇌동맥류 내부 유동장 패턴 및 평균유속 감소의 상대적 특성 등은 비교적 잘 일치하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 본 연구에서 고려한 가장 높은 80% 공극률을 가지는 스텐트의 경우에도 비교적 우수한 뇌동맥류 유입 유속 감소 효과를 가짐을 확인할 수 있었으며, 이보다 더 낮은 공극률을 가진 스텐트의 경우에는 약간의 추가적인 뇌동맥류 유입 유속 감소 효과를 가지나, 유속 및 벽전단응력 등의 혈류역학적 특성은 큰 변화가 없음을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.718-730
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• 2004

The solution for the natural convection in internally finned horizontal annuli is obtained by using a numerical simulation of time-dependent and two-dimensional governing equations. The fins existing in annuli influence the flow pattern, temperature distribution and heat transfer rate. The variations of the On configuration suppress or accelerate the free convective effects compared to those of the smooth tubes. The effects of fin configuration, number of fins and ratio of annulus gap width to the inner cylinder radius on the fluid flow and heat transfer in annuli are demonstrated by the distribution of the velocity vector, isotherms and streamlines. The governing equations are solved efficiently by using a parallel implementation. The technique is adopted for reduction of the computation cost. The parallelization is performed with the domain decomposition technique and message passing between sub-domains on the basis of the MPI library. The results from parallel computation reveal in consistency with those of the sequential program. Moreover, the speed-up ratio shows linearity with the number of processor.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.84-86
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• 2007

Aluminum sheets were asymmetrically cold rolled without lubrication by using different roll velocities of upper and lower rolls in order to intensify the shear deformation. During asymmetrical cold rolling of aluminum sheets, a reduction per a rolling pass, initial sheet thickness, roll diameter, roll velocity ratio were varied to investigate the effect of rolling parameters. The formation of through thickness shear texture was related to the ratio of the contact length between the roll and sample($l_c$) to the sheet thickness(d). The strain states associated with asymmetrical rolling were investigated by the finite element method (FEM) simulation. FEM results indicated that the evolution of deformation texture in a thickness layer is strongly governed by integrated values of strain rates $\dot{\varepsilon}_{13}$ and $\dot{\varepsilon}_{11}$ along the streamline in the roll gap.

• 청정기술
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.71-79
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• 2003

화력발전소에서 배출되는 질소산화물 제어를 위한 선택적 촉매 환원 공정은 안정적이며 고효율 설계가 가능하여 범용적으로 사용되고 있는 기술이다. 선택적 촉매 환원 공정의 최적 설계를 위해서는 촉매 특성에 따른 설계기술이 정립되어야 하며, 다양한 조건에 대한 설계경험이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 SCR 공정의 설계자료 도출을 위해 설계/제작된 $1,000Nm^3/hr$급 SCR 파일럿 플랜트를 이용하여 반응온도, $NH_3/NO$ 몰비, 공간속도, 선속도 및 압력손실 등의 설계변수에 대한 성능실험을 수행하고, 도출된 실험 결과를 통한 설계과정을 기술하였다.

• 청정기술
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.225-230
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• 2011

다양한 귀금속 촉매를 이용한 hydrocarbon selective catalytic reduction 반응특성을 조사하였다. 가장 우수한 활성금속은 Pt, 지지체는 활성금속과 지지체간 강한 상호작용에 의하여 $CeO_2$, $TiO_2$였으며, NOx 전환율은 약 55%를 나타내었다. 활성금속으로서 Pd, Rh, Ag 촉매들은 20% 미만의 전환율을 보였으며, 지지체로서 $SiO_2$, $ZrO_2$ 또한 다른 지지체들보다 저조한 활성을 나타내었다. 조업조건에 따른 촉매의 성능을 조사하기 위하여 환원제의 종류, 양, 산소농도, 공간속도에 따른 실험을 수행하였다. 환원제로서 메탄이 프로판보다 우수함을 확인하였고, 메탄/질소 산화물 비가 증가할수록 성능이 우수하였으며, 산소농도가 증가할수록, 그리고 공간속도가 감소할수록 촉매의 성능은 증가함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 공업화학
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• 제10권8호
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• pp.1129-1135
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• 1999

${\gamma}-Al_2O_3$, $TiO_2$와 $SiO_2$에 코발트를 함침시켜 촉매를 제조하고, 고정층 미분반응기에서 CO에 의한 $SO_2$환원반응 특성을 조사하였다. 이때 온도는 $350{\sim}550^{\circ}C$ 영역에서, $SO_2$농도를 1000~10000 ppm, $CO/SO_2$몰비를 1.0~3.0, 공간속도를 $5000{\sim}15000h^{-1}$의 영역에서 사용하였으며 대기압하에서 실행하였다. ${\gamma}-Al_2O_3$와 $TiO_2$는 코발트 담체로 우수한 특성을 보였으며, 5 wt % 코발트를 ${\gamma}-Al_2O_3$에 함침시켜 얻은 촉매로 $400^{\circ}C$ 이상의 온도에서 90% 이상의 높은 $SO_2$전환율과 6% 이하의 낮은 COS수율을 얻을 수 있었다. $CO/SO_2$의 최적몰비는 양론비인 2.0으로 나타났으며, 몰비가 3.0으로 증가하면 $SO_2$전환율은 증가하였으나 대부분의 반응생성물이 COS로 나타났다. 실험영역의 $SO_2$농도와 공간속도의 변화는 $SO_2$ 전환율과 반응선택성에 큰 영향을 미치지 않았다. 코발트는 활성화된 이후에 $CoS_2$ 상태로 존재하였으며 반응후에도 상변화는 관찰되지 않았다.