• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2002

A new control method far vision-based autonomous vehicle is proposed to determine navigation direction by analyzing lane information from a camera and to navigate a vehicle. In this paper, characteristic featured data points are extracted from lane images using a lane recognition algorithm. Then the vehicle is controlled using new Levenberg-Marquardt neural network algorithm. To verify the usefulness of the algorithm, another algorithm, which utilizes the geometric relation of a camera and vehicle, is introduced. The second one involves transformation from an image coordinate to a vehicle coordinate, then steering is determined from Ackermann angle. The steering scheme using Ackermann angle is heavily depends on the correct geometric data of a vehicle and a camera. Meanwhile, the proposed neural network algorithm does not need geometric relations and it depends on the driving style of human driver. The proposed method is superior than other referenced neural network algorithms such as conjugate gradient method or gradient decent one in autonomous lateral control .

• 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘텐츠학회 2004년도 추계 종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.110-115
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• 2004

만화는 감정을 보충하는 만화기호, 스토리에 따른 등장인물의 표정, 행동, 시선, 대사 등으로 메시지를 전달하고 있는데, 만화에 표현되어 있는 이러한 커뮤니케이션 스타일을 "만화 커뮤니케이션 스타일"이라고 정의할 수 있다. 만화는 문화적, 사회적 산물이기에 "만화 커뮤니케이션 스타일"에 대한 이해는 그 문화와 사회를 이해하기 위한 중요한 수단이 될 수 있고, 만화제작과 만화교류에 있어서도 그 역할이 크다고 볼 수 있다. 이러한 "만화 커뮤니케이션 스타일"을 보다 명확하게 파악하기 위해서 체계적이고 객관적인 "만화분석"을 위한 연구방법이 요구된다. 본 연구는, 기호론적 관점에서 한국, 일본, 중국의 출판만화 총 35,225컷의 분석을 통해 만화표현에 대한 인지적 성향을 고찰했다. 그 결과, 만화는 다음의 3가지 규칙(One-Root식, OneIdea식, One-Style식)에 따라 분석기준으로서 코드화가 가능함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.590-595
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• 2008

A large-scale fire test was done for interior materials from a vehicle installed within a fire test room. The interior materials are the old style before interior replacement by the Korean guideline for the safety of rail vehicle. Ignition source (gas burner) was increased in several controlled steps. The objectives of this test are to assess the fire performance in terms of ignition and flame spread on interior lining materials and to provide data on an enclosure fires involving train interior materials that grow to flashover. This data will be used to develop and calibrate an Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) model for fire growth on the interior vehicle.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2000년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.687-690
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• 2000

Lately, many studies have been progressed for the protection human's lives and property as holding in check accidents happened by human's carelessness or mistakes. One part of these is the development of an autonomouse vehicle. General control method of vision-based autonomous vehicle system is to determine the navigation direction by analyzing lane images from a camera, and to navigate using proper control algorithm. In this paper, characteristic points are abstracted from lane images using lane recognition algorithm with sobel operator. And then the vehicle is controlled using two proposed auto-steering algorithms. Two steering control algorithms are introduced in this paper. First method is to use the geometric relation of a camera. After transforming from an image coordinate to a vehicle coordinate, a steering angle is calculated using Ackermann angle. Second one is using a neural network algorithm. It doesn't need to use the geometric relation of a camera and is easy to apply a steering algorithm. In addition, It is a nearest algorithm for the driving style of human driver. Proposed controller is a multilayer neural network using Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation learning algorithm which was estimated much better than other methods, i.e. Conjugate Gradient or Gradient Decent ones.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.221-229
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• 2008

컴퓨터와 더불어 멀티미디어의 발전은 가상현실이라는 신기술을 만들어 내게 하였고 가상현실 분야 중 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션 기술은 항공, 자동차, 의학, 스포츠, 교육, 패션 분야에 이르기까지 그 적용이 확대되고 있다 본 연구는 헤어스타일링 분야에서 기존의 2차원 헤어시뮬레이션의 개발 및 상용 현황과, 연구 단계에 있는 3차원 헤어스타일 시뮬레이션의 개발 현황을 살펴본다. 아울러 현재 개발된 3차원 헤어스타일 시뮬레이션이 상용화하기 위해서는 3D 시스템 부스의 조정, 저가 저화질의 카메라 개선 등의 문제점이 있음을 제시하였다. 이를 개선하기 위해서 object photography 방식에서 panoramic photography 방식의 전환, 중 고가의 고화질 카메라로의 대체들을 제안한다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.38-46
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• 2012

This paper discusses the energy consumption for a mid-size electric vehicle(EV) under various conditions. In order to analyze which driving style is more efficient in terms of the system of the EV, we develop the electric vehicle model and apply several types of speed profiles such as different steady speeds, acceleration/deceleration, and a real world driving cycle including the elevation profile obtained from a GPS device. The results show that the energy consumption of the EV is affected by the operating efficiency of components when driving at low speed, while it depends on required power at wheels when driving at high speed. Also this paper investigates the effect of the elevation of a road and the rate of electrical braking on the energy consumption as well as the fuel economy of a conventional vehicle model under the same conditions.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.163-170
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• 2006

최근 자동차 메이커간의 인수 합병 등으로 차량 제조기술의 평준화와 전반적인 차량성능의 향상으로 하드웨어(hardware)를 중심으로 하는 기술적 특성보다는 소프트웨어(software)적인 성격을 가진 디자인의 비중이 상대적으로 높아지는 것이 최근의 자동차 개발과 소비의 특징이라고 할 수 있다. 이에 따라 그린하우스를 구성하는 조형요소들의 고찰을 통해 차량의 컨셉트를 조형적 특성으로 구체화시키는 방법에 대한 연구가 요구되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 승용차의 스타일에서 그린하우스를 구성하는 조형요소에 의한 차량의 형태 이미지의 형성을 고찰하였다. 그리고 가상지붕의 개념으로 그린하우스의 형태를 분석하여, 그것의 비례를 통해 차량의 성격에 따른 변화를 고찰하였다. 이러한 연구를 통하여 차량의 언어적 컨셉트를 물리적 형태로 구체화시키는 과정에서 차체의 형태로써 정립하고 구현하는 방법의 도출 가능성을 살펴보았다.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.39-47
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• 2023

The development of autonomous driving and Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS) technology has grown rapidly in recent years. As most traffic accidents occur due to human error, self-driving vehicles can drastically reduce the number of accidents and crashes that occur on the roads today. Obviously, technical advancements in autonomous driving can lead to improved public driving safety. However, due to the current limitations in technology and lack of public trust in self-driving cars (and drones), the actual use of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) is still significantly low. According to prior studies, people's acceptance of an AV is mainly determined by trust. It is proven that people still feel much more comfortable in personalized ADAS, designed with the way people drive. Based on such needs, a new attempt for a customized ADAS considering each driver's driving style is proposed in this paper. Each driver's behavior is divided into two categories: assertive and defensive. In this paper, a novel customized ADAS algorithm with high classification accuracy is designed, which divides each driver based on their driving style. Each driver's driving data is collected and simulated using CARLA, which is an open-source autonomous driving simulator. In addition, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) machine learning algorithms are used to optimize the ADAS parameters. The proposed scheme results in a high classification accuracy of time series driving data. Furthermore, among the vast amount of CARLA-based feature data extracted from the drivers, distinguishable driving features are collected selectively using Support Vector Machine (SVM) technology by comparing the amount of influence on the classification of the two categories. Therefore, by extracting distinguishable features and eliminating outliers using SVM, the classification accuracy is significantly improved. Based on this classification, the ADAS sensors can be made more sensitive for the case of assertive drivers, enabling more advanced driving safety support. The proposed technology of this paper is especially important because currently, the state-of-the-art level of autonomous driving is at level 3 (based on the SAE International driving automation standards), which requires advanced functions that can assist drivers using ADAS technology.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.509-519
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• 2015

최근 사업용운전자들의 음주운전이 증가하고 있다. 본 연구는 사업용운전자들의 음주문제행동에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 스트레스 대처방식을 상정하고 스트레스 대처방식이 생활스트레스를 증가시켜 음주문제행동에 영향을 주는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 총 1308명의 사업용운전자들이 연구에 참여하였다. 연구결과, 사업용운전자들의 스트레스 대처방식으로 문제해결, 조력추구, 정서적 완화, 소망적 사고, 수동적 회피 5개 방식이 확인되었으며, 이 중 문제해결, 소망적 사고, 수동적 회피 대처방식에서만 생활스트레스의 매개효과가 관찰되었다. 즉 문제해결 전략을 적게 사용할수록, 소망적 사고와 수동적 회피 전략을 많이 사용할수록 생활스트레스는 높았으며, 이것은 다시 음주문제행동을 높이는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 스트레스 대처방식에 대한 운전자 교육의 필요성을 시사하고 있다.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.603-608
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• 2006

As an important and relatively easy to implement technology for realizing Intelligent Transportation Systems(ITS), Adaptive Cruise Control(ACC) automatically adjusts vehicle speed and distance to a preceding vehicle, thus enhancing driver comfort and safety. One of the key issues associated with ACC development is usability and user acceptance. Control parameters in ACC should be optimized in such a way that the system does not conflict with driving behavior of the driver and further that the driver feels comfortable with ACC. A driving simulator is a comprehensive research tool that can be applied to various human factor studies and vehicle system development in a safe and controlled environment. This study investigated driving behavior with ACC for drivers with different driving styles using the driving simulator. The ACC simulation system was implemented on the simulator and its performance was evaluated first. The Driving Style Questionnaire(DSQ) was used to classify the driving styles of the drivers in the simulator experiment. The experiment results show that, when driving with ACC, preferred headway-time was 1.5 seconds regardless of the driving styles, implying consistency in driving speed and safe distance. However, the lane keeping ability reduced, showing the larger deviation in vehicle lateral position and larger head and eye movement. It is suggested that integration of ACC and lateral control can enhance driver safety and comfort even further.