• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.133-146
• /
• 1996

This study was conducted to analyse plant community structure by the altityed and slope in Tongdaesan area, Odaesan National Park. Sixty-three plots(each plots size was 100m$^{2}$) were set up and PWINSPAN and DCA method were used for vegetational structure analysis. Division of community was cleared altitude than part of slope With increasing elevation the importance values of Quercus mongolica, Tilia amurensis increased, while those of Fraxinus mandshurica, Betula schmidtii, Cornus controversa decreased. Survey plots were divided into 6 groups by the TWINSPAN and DCA method. The divided groups are T. amurensis community(I), Q. mongolica community(II) of upper part of slope of east and west, Q. mongolica-T. amurensis community(III) of middle part of slope, Q. mongolica-F. mandshurica community(IV), Pinus densiflora-B. schmidtii-Carpinus laxiflora community(V) of low elevation of east, F. mandshurica-C. controversa community(VI)of low elevation of west. Also, vegetational change were showed slope of east and west in Tongdaesan except top area for the last twenty yeras.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.104-111
• /
• 1994

The marsh vegetation in the vicinity of Tumunsan, Tokyusan National Park, Chollapuk-do, Korea was analysed in order to find out the vegetational characteristics. The total number of vascular plants surveyed were summarized as 39 familieis, 77 genera, 74 species, 18 varieties and 1 form. The ten species such as Juncus effusus var. decipiens, Carex leiorhyncha, Lysimachia vulgaris var. davurica, Sirpus triqueter, Scirpus karuizawensis, Caltha palustris var. membranacea, Carex doniana, Carex humilis, Vicia venosa, and Disporum smilacinum showed the Importance Value more than 10 % in herbaceous marsh vegetation. The species such as Heloniopsis orientalis, Astilbe chinensis var. davidii, Trignotis peduncularis, Lycopus ramosissimus var. japonicus, Iris nertschinskia and Hosta capitata were distributed at very limited or wide spread localities in the marsh. The marsh vegetation in this area is one of the rare and very distinct natural resources in Tokyusan National Park and the proper Action Plan of Management is strongly needed because the projected developing works in this site will act seriously in marsh vegetational changes in the future.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.1-13
• /
• 2016

This study analyzed pollen compositions in archaeological site on alluvial plain of Taehwa River, Taehwa-dong, Ulsan-si vegetational and environmental change during 6,200~3,000 yr BP. The results consist upward of Pollen Zone I (Inner Bay environment), Pollen Zone II (Quercus-Alnus stage) and Pollen Zone III (Alnus stage). The pollen grains of Fagopyrum and reddish gray silty horizon including artifacts of the Bronze Age suggest that there was cultivation on dry-field around the study site, although it is not sure that there was paddy-field cultivation.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.53-59
• /
• 2003

The present study was conducted to analyze the vegetational difference in fellowed fields at the different seral stages. Plant species were surveyed on the fields having different cropping history, soil moisture conditions, and the duration of set-aside. Effects of soil moisture condition and fellowing duration on the vegetational profiles of fellowed fields in the course of different seral stages. In the fields fellowed for more than three years, a conspicuous feature of vegetation was the dominance of perennial species, which was less dominant in the fields fellowed for less than 3 years. The floristic composition of fellowed fields was dependent on the soil moisture condition. However, the influence of fallow-history on vegetational composition was less than that of the soil moisture conditions. The dominant species occurred in fellowed upland (dry) fields were changed from Glycine soja, Persicaria thunbergiana, and Artemisia princeps at 2-year-fellowed to Persicaria thunbergiana, Miscanthus sinensis, and Glycine soja at 6-year-fellowed. In wet fellowed paddy fields, annual Mosla punctulata, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, and Setaria viridis, the dominant species at 3-year-fellowed, were substituted by perennial Miscanthus sinensis, Aster pilosus, and Hemarthria sibirica at 7-year-fellowed. When the succession continued for 11 years in wet fields, the vegetation was characterized by the domination of perennials such as Phragmites communis, Zizania latifolia, and Typha orientalis. It was suggested that the soil moisture condition was a strong determinant of the dominant species on early seral conditions. In the fellowed paddy fields, the species diversity was relatively higher in the fields set-asided as wet condition compared to the fields fellowed as dry condition.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• v.21 no.5_1
• /
• pp.427-433
• /
• 1998

The standing crop and net production were estimated in Moojaechi on Mt. Jungjok. By using the decay model of organic carbon, absolute year of bog peat was calculated. Pollen analysis to bog peat revealed vegetational history and climate change around Moojaechi. The time required for amount of the accumulated peat in the bog was estimated in terms of the balance of the accumulation and decay of organic carbon of the deposit peat. Absolute year of the peat surveyed in this study was about 314 years. Pollen of Pinus was predominant in all the pollen zone, Geamineae and Cyperaceae increased in lower pollen zone while Pinus in upper pollen zone. This showes that climate of the past was probably more humid than that of present. In addition, middle pollen zone showed warming trend which is suggested by high pollen concentration of Quercus, Juglans, Carpinus and Corylus. It suggests that overall environment and vegetation were changed from warmer and more humid to dry condition in Moojaechi and it is considered as the course of boggy ground formation by retrogressive successions.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.166-174
• /
• 2011

This study was carried out to investigate the actual vegetation and Degree of Green Naturality(DGN) in Naejangsan National Park in 2010. The actual vegetation of the surveyed site were classified into twelve plant communities and the others. Secondary forest were classified into eight plant communities; Pinus densiflora community, Deciduous broadleaf forest, Quercus mongolica community, etc. Afforested lands were classified into four forest types: P. rigida -P. densiflora forest, P. rigida forest, etc. The area of DGN 8 consisted of 60.58% while the area of DGN 9 consisted of 3.62% when compared with land area in Naejangsan National Park. The exotic plants needs to be managed for recovery of natural landscape and biological diversity in Naejangsan National Park.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.58-67
• /
• 1994

Object of this study is to suggest the plan for natural vegetation restoration and management by ecological approach. The concept of biotope planting technique was introduced in order to restore the natural vegetation in the northern part of Mt. Nam in Seoul, and Quercus mongolica forests was surveyed so as to obtain the basic data. This study focused on the vegetational context between northern part of Mt. Nam and develop-reserved site. The results are following ; 1. It is suitable to plant 25~30 trees in $100\m^2$ with trees of DBH 10cm and below at intervals of about 2m in canopy layer. In the case of subtree layer of DBH 2cm, about 30 trees were planted at an Intervals of 1.5~2m around in $100\m^2$. 2. In the last step of nature vegetation restoration, it is desiable that canopy density is $5/100\m^2$ and 녀btree one is 10~20/$100\m^2$. 3. Management plans was proposed to use the native species of Mt. Nam around and to investigate the ecological situation once a year such as species introduce, dead-tree, soil, fauna etc.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.138-146
• /
• 1998

Ten plots were established to study the vegetation structure of the Songinbong virgin forest in Ullungdo. It was classified into three communities Fagus crenata var. multinervis commnunity, Acer okamotoanum-Fagus crenata var. multinervis community, and Acer okamotoanum community. Shannon's diversity indicies of this area were not high(0.5150~0.8437), due to the geographical and vegetational characteristics. Considering the community structure(importance value, distribution of DBH class, and so on), the vegetation of the Songinbong virgin forest are thought to be stable continuously. With the analysis of plant growth type, it was presumed that Acer okamotoanum have increased after artificial disturbances in this area where Fagus crenata var. multinervis had been dominanat.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.107-120
• /
• 1995

To investigate the forest structure of Chuwang valley of Chuwangsan National Park, thirty plots were set up and surveyed. Importance values, DBH class distribution, species diversity indices, DCA Ordination, CCA ordiantion and TWINSPAN classification were used for vegetational structure analysis. Pinus densiflora Quercus serata, Q. mongolica, Q. variabilis were appeared to be dominant species in thirty plots. According to the analysis of classification by TWINSPAN, the thirty plots divided four groups. Groups were Q. mongolica-P. densiflora-Carpinus laxiflora community(I), P. densiflora-Q. variabilis community(II), Q. serrata-Q. variabilis community(III), broad-leaved mixed community(IV) Species diversity(H') of investigated area was calculated 1.17~l.32. The successional trend was seemed to be from P. densiflora to Q. spp. in the canopy layer.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.195-204
• /
• 1987

Pollen analysis of moor peat of Daeam Mountain revealed vegetational history around Daeam Mountain. The pollen stratigraphy might be zoned into three, Zone I, Zone II and Zone III for the past 2, 200 years. The time required for amount of the accumulated peat in the moor was estimated in terms of the balance of the accumulation and decay of organic carbon of the deposit peat. Zone I(770~2, 200 yr BP) had Pinus and Quercus as main elements. Gramineae decreased while Typhaceae, Cyperaceae and spores such as Polypodiaceae increased. Zone II(300~770 yr BP) showed warming trend which is suggested by high pollen concentrations of Quercus, Juglans, Carpinus, Ulmus and by a more diverse flora of deciduous borad-leaved trees than Zone I. Pinus decreased in this zone. It suggests that the overall environment became milder than Zones I and III. Zone III(earlier than 300 yt BP) was predominantly Quercu and Pinus with amount of nonarboreal species such as Artemisia, Gramineae and Chenopodiaceae, that was grown under dry conditions. It suggests that overall environment vecome humid by comparison with the present time and it is surmised the course of boggy ground formation by a retrogressive succession.