• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.709-715
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• 2015

Background The incidence of vascular anomalies in the head and neck is higher than in the extremities. It is especially common for vascular anomalies to involve the lip. The lips are a functionally and aesthetically important component of the head and neck area. A retrospective analysis of data from our vascular anomaly center was performed in order to understand the characteristics and treatment requirements of vascular anomalies of the lip and to establish which treatments are likely to lead to the best outcomes. Methods A retrospective review was performed of the medical records of patients diagnosed with vascular anomalies of the upper or lower lip from January 2001 to September 2013. Using clinical photographs, radiologic findings, and patient records, the diagnosis of each case and the location of the vascular anomaly were recorded, along with information about treatment and follow-up. Results A total of 1,606 patients were diagnosed with vascular anomalies over this time period, of whom 127 (7.9%) were found to have vascular anomalies in the lip only. Surgical treatment with or without embolization, sclerotherapy, laser therapy, medication only, and observation were the treatment strategies adopted in these cases. Conclusions Vascular anomalies of the lip should be diagnosed accurately. Radiologic diagnosis played a crucial role in treatment planning, and several techniques were used to treat vascular anomalies of the lip. When surgical excision is indicated for the correction of vascular anomalies of the lip, the aesthetic and functional characteristics of the lip should be considered.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.147-149
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• 2020

A 36-year-old man presented to the hospital with protruding blood vessels in his left lower leg accompanied by cramping. An ultrasonographic examination of the leg revealed focal reflux without truncal vein reflux. During phlebectomy, the varix was found to be connected to the intraosseous vein through a tibial opening. Postoperative computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed an osteolytic lesion in the tibial shaft and an intraosseous vascular anomaly. The patient was discharged without complications and scheduled for periodic follow-ups. This young man's varicose vein seemed to be from a tibial intraosseous vascular anomaly, which is extremely rare.

• Korean Circulation Journal
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.78-90
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• 2024

Background and Objective: We aimed to investigate long-term clinical and echocardiographic outcomes, including tricuspid valve durability, annular growth, and left ventricular reverse remodeling, after modified cone reconstruction in patients with Ebstein's anomaly. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of all pediatric patients who underwent modified cone reconstruction for Ebstein's anomaly at a single tertiary center between January 2005 and June 2021. Results: A total of 14 pediatric patients underwent modified cone reconstruction for Ebstein's anomaly; the median age was 5.8 years (range, 0.01-16.6). There were three patients (21.4%) with Carpentier type B, ten patients with Carpentier type C (71.4%), and one patient with Carpentier type D (7.1%). There was no early or late mortality, arrhythmia, or readmission for heart failure at a 10-year follow-up. There were no cases of more than mild tricuspid stenosis or more than moderate tricuspid regurgitation during the study period, except for one patient with severe tricuspid regurgitation who underwent reoperation. The z value for tricuspid valve annular size significantly decreased immediately after the operation (2.46 vs. -1.15, p<0.001). However, from 1 year to 7 years after surgery, the z values were maintained between -1 and +1. Left ventricular end-systolic volume, end-diastolic volume, and stroke volume increased after surgery and remained elevated until seven years postoperatively. Conclusions: Ebstein's anomaly in children can be repaired by modified cone reconstruction with low mortality and morbidity, good tricuspid valve durability, and annular growth relative to somatic growth.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.67 no.3
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• pp.270-279
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• 2024

Prompt medical attention is crucial for congenital intracranial vascular malformations in children and newborns due to potential severe outcomes. Imaging is pivotal for accurate identification, given the diverse risks and treatment strategies. This article aims to enhance the identification and understanding of congenital intracranial vascular abnormalities including arteriovenous malformation, arteriovenous fistula, cavernous malformation, capillary telangiectasia, developmental venous anomaly, and sinus pericranii in pediatric patients.

• 대한두경부종양학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.239-239
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• 2008

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.331-338
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• 1984

From 1959 to Jun. 30 84, 1144 cases of various cardiovascular diseases were operated consisting of 421 open heart surgery under extra-corporeal circulation or hypothermia and 723 conventional surgery at department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery in National Medical Center. There were 470 congenital anomaly and 674 acquired lesions. Out of 470 congenital anomaly, acyanotic anomaly was 289 and cyanotic anomaly was 181. Among 647 acquired lesions, 473 was cardiac lesion, 87 was pericardial lesion and 105 was vascular diseases. Over all operative mortality was 9.0%, consisting of 7.6% for acyanotic, 19.3% for cyanotic anomaly and 6.8% for acquired lesion. Mortality for 723 conventional surgery was 6.2%, and 421 open heart surgery was 13.8%.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.3-7
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• 2006

Purpose: The nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve(NRLN) is a rare anomaly that is associated with the developmentally aberrant subclavian artery. Although rare on the right side and exceptional on the left, an aberrant nonrecurrent pathway for RLN represents a major surgical risk. Three course variations of right NRLN can be distinguished: descending(type I) , horizontal(type II), ascending(type III). This study is performed to characterize the variations of NRLN, associated vascular anomaly, and proper surgical methods for preventing nerve damage. Materials and Methods: Between January 1998 and March 2006 3,381 thyroidectomy were performed at our institution, and during these operations a nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve was observed in 13 cases (0.38%). There were 1 men and 12 women with a median age of 48 years(range 28-57). All of them are identified on the right side. Results: In all cases, there were no clinical symptoms observed preoperatively. The nerve anomaly was diagnosed preoperatively in only one case. There were type I variations of right RLN in 2 cases and type II variations in 11 cases. The retroesophageal aberrant right subcalvian artery; no innominate(brachiocephalic) artery was found and the right common carotic artery was arising directly from the aortic arch, was seen in 12 cases. A vocal cord palaysis caused by NRLN damage during operation was observed in one patient(7.6%) , where the nerve was close to the superior thyroid artery. No other complications were noted. Conclusion: It can be possible to predict NRLN from signs associated with the vascular anomaly; clinical symptoms or imaging studies. When an vascular anomaly is not detected preoperatively, overlooking possibility of NRLN may lead to severe operative morbidity. Hence, It is most important to identify all the thyroid structures carefully during thyroid surgery and to be aware of the possibility of anatomic variations of RLN.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.201-204
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• 1990

The double aortic arch is the commonest anomaly among the vascular rings are relatively rare congenital vascular anomalies. This anomaly is malformation of the aortic arch system may, by compression of the trachea and esophagus, cause respiratory distress and dysphagia. We experienced one case of double aortic arch with right sided descending aorta with predominant right anterior arch treated surgically at Kyung Hee University Medical Center. 1-year-old male patient with acute airway obstruction due to combination of double aortic arch and right descending aorta. The diagnosis was made by simple X-ray & confirmed by barium esophagogram & aortogram. The operative approach was through left thoracotomy & underwent division of the left aortic arch & division of ligamentum arteriosum & suspension of divided proximal end of anterior arch to anterior thoracic wall. The postoperative courses was uneventful and doing well on the 3 years.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.132-136
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• 1998

Nonrecurrence of the inferior laryngeal nerve always results from a vascular anomaly during embryonic development of the aortic arches. The nonrecurrent inferior laryngeal nerve is important clinically for two reasons, it is vulnerable during thyroid surgery and it is associated with difficulty in swallowing. It can be suspected preoperatively from signs associated with the vascular anomaly : dysphagea, thoracic x-ray images showing evidence of retroesophageal subclavian artery, or situs inversus viscerum. If such signs are noted, a barium swallow test and chest computed tomography are justified. We experienced a case of Rt. nonrecurrent inferior laryngeal nerve, which is diagnosed thyroid papillary carcinoma.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.114-118
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• 2018

A 3-month-old intact male Lakeland terrier was presented with recurring regurgitation after removing cervical esophageal foreign body by endoscopy. Blood and urine analysis, radiography, ultrasonography, fluoroscopic esophagography, computed tomographic angiography (CTA) were performed. In radiography and fluoroscopic esophagography, vascular ring anomaly was considered as the primary cause of megaesophagus, and CTA with gas-inflation of the esophagus was performed. Compressed esophagus, persistent right aortic arch (PRAA), aberrant left subclavian artery (LSA), and a venous structure which was confirmed in surgery to be incomplete type persistent left cranial vena cava (PLCVC) connected with the left side azygos vein were observed. Left deviation of the trachea was also revealed in CT, which implies the compression by left ligamentum arteriosum. Therefore, type 3 PRAA with left ligamentum arteriosum and aberrant LSA, was considered as a prior differential diagnosis. Surgical repair was performed and the clinical signs improved. This report describes CTA characteristics of combination of PRAA with aberrant LSA, incomplete PLCVC and Lt. azygos vein in a dog. Although not every vascular anomaly does induce clinical sign, some types can complicate the surgical procedure, and cause clinical signs. Therefore, thorough evaluation of vascular anomalies in the thorax is important, and CTA is a useful method in identifying multiple vascular anomalies in dogs.