• Title/Summary/Keyword: Variety breeding

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Genetic Variation of a Single Pollen-derived Doubled Haploid Population in Rice

  • Moon, Huhn-Pal;Kang, Kyung-Ho;Ahn, Sang-Nag;Choi, Seon-Hee
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.43 no.4
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    • pp.250-253
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    • 1998
  • Somaclonal variation was observed in the field on doubled haploid plants derived from single pollen of a rice cultivar "Hwaseongbyeo". The variations of seven quantitative traits including plant height and one qualitative trait (pubescence) in 436 lines ($R_2$ generation) were analyzed. The number of lines which fell beyond the boundaries of the 95% confidence intervals of the check variety, Hwaseongbyeo was checked for each quantitative trait, and of those fertility showed the highest variation frequency (85.6%), followed by plant height (77.5%), flag leaf length (66.5%), grains per panicle (42.2%), days to heading (34.5%), panicle length (30.7%) and panicles per hill (22.7%). And the variations of quantitative traits except days to flowering appeared to move in the negative direction compared to "Hwaseongbyeo". Variability within lines was also observed for quantitative and qualitative traits. Twenty-nine $R_2$ lines (7%) segregated for pubescence and 130 $R_2$ lines (30%) showed variation with regard to fertility. This suggests that mutations usually occur before diploidization. Twenty-nine $R_2$ lines representing a wide spectrum of variation were chosen for RAPD analysis. The number of lines showing DNA polymorphism compared to Hwaseongbyeo ranged 0 from to 10 according to the primer used and this seems to indicate that specific loci have highly mutable genomic site.utable genomic site.

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Evaluating phylogenetic relationships in the Lilium family using the ITS marker

  • Ghanbari, Sina;Fakheri, Barat Ali;Naghavi, Mohammad Reza;Mahdinezhad, Nafiseh
    • Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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    • v.45 no.3
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    • pp.236-241
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    • 2018
  • Lilium is a perennial bulbous plant belonging to the liriotypes genus. Our aim was to study the phylogenetic relationships of the Lilium family. Two varieties of Lilium ledebourii, 44 varieties of the gene bank, and one variety from the Tulipa family served as the out group. In order to study the diversity between lilium masses, ITS regions were used to design the marker. The results showed that the guanine base is the most abundant nucleotide. Relatively high conservation was observed in the ITS regions of the populations (0.653). Phylogenetic analysis showed that sargentiae and hybrid varieties are older than other varieties of the Lilium family. Also, the location of L. ledebourii varieties (Damash and Namin) was identified in a phylogenetic tree by using the ITS marker. Overall, our research showed that ITS molecular markers are very suitable for phylogenetic studies in the Lilium family.

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Maintaining Lines for Kenyan Sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) Using Allele Specific SSR Markers

  • Mwangi, Esther W.;Lee, Myung-Chul;Sung, Jung Suk;Marzougui, Salem;Bwalya, Ernest C.
    • Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2019.04a
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    • pp.61-61
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    • 2019
  • In any crop breeding program Selection and use of genetically diverse genotypes to develop cultivars with a broad genetic base is important. Molecular markers play a major role in selecting diverse genotypes. Molecular breeding programs of the crop can be made more efficient by use of molecular markers. The present study was done with an aim of analyzing genetic diversity and the population structure in 24 accessions of sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) from Kenya genetic diversity using 35 EST-SSR and gSSR primers.Out of the 35 markers 3 were not polymorphic as they indicated Polymorphic Information content( PIC) of value 0.00 and so the data analysis was done using 32 markers . The 32 set of markers used produced 29 alleles ranging from 2 to 7with a mean of 3.0 alleles per locus.The average value of polymorphic information contents(PIC) were 0.3 .Genetic diversity analysis using these markers revealed 3 major clusters. This result could be useful for designing strategies to make elite hybrid and inbreeding of crossing block for breeding and future molecular breeding programs to make elite variety.

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Establishment of a New Breeding Scheme for Rapid Release of Variety Using bar Gene Transformed Rice (형질전환 벼 이용 품종 조기개발 체계 확립)

  • Won, Yong-Jae;Yi, Gi-Hwan;Cho, Jun-Hyeon;Ko, Jong-Min;Park, Hyang-Mi;Han, Chang-Deok;Yang, Sae-Jun;Kim, Soon-Chul;Nam, Min-Hee
    • Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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    • v.31 no.1
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    • pp.7-11
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    • 2004
  • This study was carried out to establish a new breeding scheme which is connected with conventional breeding method and anther culture method. To develop a herbicide resistant and direct seeding rice, $F_1$ plants were subjected to anther culture and regenerated plants from 5 crosses were studied to confirm the introduction of bar gene. After PCR analysis, we selected 227 plants which were carrying herbicide resistance gene (bar) out of 1,508 regenerated plants from anther culture. Among 169 $A_2$ lines carrying herbicide resistant gene from 5 crosses including YR23235 (Dongjin Ds3(Ba $r^{R}$)/ Milyang165), 42 lines that had superior agronomic characters were selected for further research. Among them, YR23235Acp79 which showed herbicide resistance, direct seeding adaptability and superiority in major agronomic characters was named Milyang 204. This breeding scheme proved that the anther culture of $F_1$ plants crossed between transformant and cultivar or transform ant alone could be utilized in breeding programs for a rapid progeny fixation and development of a variety.y.

Cold Tolerance Characteristic Test of High Yield Tongil-type Rice Breeding Lines for Processing

  • Kang-Su Kwak;Sea-Kwan Oh;Kuk-Hyun Jung;Dae-Ha Seo
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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    • 2022.10a
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    • pp.278-278
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    • 2022
  • Recently, the yield potential of high yield Tongil-type rice varieties has greatly increased, reaching 817kg/10a(Geumgang No.1). Moreover, in order to promote rice consumption and strengthen the competitiveness of the rice processing industry, the R&D of high yield Tongil-type rice varieties for each processing purpose, such as rice noodles, grain feed and industrial materials, has been continuously carried out. However, because Tongil-type rice varieties or lines are generally very vulnerable to cold damage, cold tolerance test can be said to be absolutely necessary to improve the cultivation safety. This study is the result of the seedling and field cold tolerance characteristic tests carried out in 2021 of high yield Tongil-type rice breeding lines. For the cold tolerance characteristic test of seedlings, total 303 high yield rice breeding lines for processing were treated in cold water of 13℃ and irrigation depth of 4cm for 10 days from the third-leaf age, then it was evaluated by comparing the degree of discoloration and withering with the checked varieties(Boramchan, Hanahreum No.2). Also, for the test of field, total 186 high yield rice breeding lines for processing were treated in cold water of 17℃ by keeping pouring day and night from 30 days after transplanting to ripening stage, then it was evaluated by comparing the degree of discoloration, delay of heading, shortening rate of stem length and percent of fertile grain etc. with the checked varieties. And the cold tolerance evaluative criteria were classified as strong(1~3), medium(4~6) and weak(7~9) in overall cold tolerance. (Seedling test) As for the degree of cold tolerance of the check variety, 'Boramchan' and 'Hanahreum No.2' showed a response of 'medium' and 'weak', respectively. However, there was no 'strong' line in the high yield rice breeding lines, 2 lines showed a 'medium' response, and 301 lines showed a 'weak' response. Therefore, except for a few lines(0.7%), most lines(99.3%) showed a 'weak' response. (Field test) In terms of the overall cold tolerance of the check variety, both 'Boramchan' and 'Hanahreum No.2' showed a 'medium' response. Similarly, there was no 'strong' line in the case of high yield rice breeding lines, 20 lines showed a 'medium' response, and 166 lines showed a 'weak' response. Therefore, except for some(10.8%) lines, most(89.2%) lines showed a 'weak' response. From the above results, we selected about 100 individuals with less seed shattering and degeneration of the ear tip, and with a relatively high percent of fertile grain, and are continuing to select lines with improved cold tolerance in the F4~F5 group in this year. As such, most of the Tongil-type rice varieties have poor cold tolerance and thus have low cultivation safety at low temperatures. However, it is important to select improved lines through generational progress because there are some lines that still have a certain level of cold tolerance among them.

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Breeding of SooOkJam an Artificial Diet Adaptable Silkworm Variety, for Spring Rearing Season (애누에 인공사료 적합성 봄누에 품종 )

  • Kang, Pil-Don;Kim, Kee-Young;Sung, Gyoo-Byung;Kim, Mi-Ja;Ji, Sang-Duk;Kweon, HaeYong;Park, Kwang-Young;Shon, Bong-Hee
    • Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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    • v.50 no.1
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    • pp.5-9
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    • 2012
  • A new silkworm variety SooOkJam for spring rearing season is F1 hybrid between Jam157, a japanese race bred from introduction breeding and Jam158, a chinese race from introduction breeding. In the local adaptability test performed at 8 local areas in spring of 2011, the hatchability rate of SooOkJam was recorded 2% higher than the authorized silkworm variety, DaePoongJam. The larval period was recorded 12 hour shorter than DaePoongJam. The pupation percentage was recorded 0.8% higher than DaePoongJam. Single cocoon weight (2.40 g), Cocoon yield (22.6 kg) and best cocoon rate (95.5%) was similar to DaePoongJam. The concentration of DNJ was measured 4.12 mg in SooOkJam, lower than DaePoongJam (4.45 mg). Test of the artificial diet of SooOkJam showed excellent adaptability of the artificial diet for larval period from 1st to 3rd, similar to KumOkJam. In the Paecilomyces tenuipes production ability test, the pupal weight of SooOkJam was 1.61 g/individual, similar to DaePoongJam (1.65 g/individual).

A New Mini Kiwifruit Cultivar, "Green King" (다래 신품종 "그린킹")

  • Kim, Chun-Hwan;Kim, Seong-Cheol;Song, Eun-Young;Ro, Na Young;Kim, Misun;Moon, Doo-Young;Kang, Kyung Hee;Jang, Ki-Chang
    • Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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    • v.40 no.4
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    • pp.461-465
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    • 2008
  • "Green King" is a new mini kiwifruit variety developed at the National Institute of Subtropical Agriculture (NISA), RDA in 2005, which was an edible fruit without peeling. This variety was selected from seeds obtained from the cross breeding between Actinidia chinensis cv. "Apple Sensation" and A. arguta in 1998. Seedling and line selections were conducted from 1999 to 2002, and characteristic trials were carried out from 2003 to 2004. The branch of "Green King" sprouts strongly and the color of leaf is slightly dark green. The shape of fruit is cylindric and the color of peel is green or yellowish green without hair. The average weight of fruit is 15.9 g. The core is small and soft, the pericarp is light green. Soluble solids concentration is $15.4^{\circ}Brix$. The fruit is sweet with slightly acid taste, containing total acid 1.3%, and the yield is higher over twice than that of A. arguta. The content of vitamin C is higher than that of A. arguta. The harvesting time is from middle October. This variety can be planted in the central and southern region of Korea.

A new breed of silkworm variety, Juhwangjam, for light pink cocoon

  • Kim, Seong-Wan;Park, Jong-Woo;Kim, Su Bae;Yu, Jeong Hee;Hong, Jeong Won;Kang, Sang Kug;Kim, Nam Suk;Kim, Kee Young
    • International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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    • v.40 no.2
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    • pp.51-55
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    • 2020
  • A new silkworm variety, Juhwangjam, was bred for the producing of light pink colored cocoon. The Juhwangjam variety was selected and succeeded from the F1 of 2303 × BP Heehong in 2016 autumn. Hatchability (96%) and pupation percentage (97.6%) of Juhwangjam was matched to the authorization criteria for commercial silkworm variety. Laval period and other economical characters of Juhwangjam were similar to the authorized silkworm variety, Goldensilk. Cocoon yield of Juhwangjam in spring and autumn season was 20.0 and 14.3 kg, respectively. Therefore, a new silkworm variety, Juhwangjam for light pink cocoon, might be adaptable to culture in spring season rather than autumn season.