• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.145-151
• /
• 1991

Hazadous properties were evaluated for Alkyl nitrates such as hexyl nitrate, decyl nitrate, dodecyl nitrate and 2-methyl pentyl nitrate, 2-hexyl ethyl nitrate. The thermochemical properties such as heat of vaporization, boiling point, flash point and kinetic parameter for aliphatic nitrate were measured to determine the hazadous properties of these compounds. The boiling points and heat of vaporization increase as the increase of alkyl chain length in alkyl nitrates. Flash point is a linear function of boiling point as same as alkanes. The rate equation in isothermal decomposition are 1/2 order and compensation effect is found between logarithm of frequency factor the activation energy, then the decomposition preceeds with simlar reaction mechanism for each nitrate.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2007년도 7th International Meeting on Information Display 제7권1호
• /
• pp.930-932
• /
• 2007

In order to understand the doping control for the belt source evaporation, the Alq3 and NPB were codeposited on the Ta plate to re-sublimate. The very slow heating $(0.1^{\circ}C/s)$ of the Ta plate shows the separated rate signals of Alq3 and NPB sublimated from the Alq3-mixed NPB organic film on Ta plate. The ratio of the vapor rates of Alq3 and NPB was measured as same as that of each sublimation rates. Therefore, the doping control of the belt source evaporation is of the ratio of the vaporization rates of host and dopants.

• 분석과학
• /
• 제15권6호
• /
• pp.514-520
• /
• 2002

효율적인 시료의 분석을 위하여 개선된 전열증기화 속빈음극관 글로우 방전 우너자방출분광 장치를 제작하여 그에 대한 기초 연구를 수행하였다. 본 시스템은 개선된 속빈음극관 글로우 방잔에 개선된 전열증기화법을 이용한 샘플주입방법을 응용하였으며, ${\mu}{\ell}$단위의 적은 양으로도 분석가능하도록 순수한 텅스템 재질로 된 나선형 코일을 제작하여 증기화 효율을 최대한 높일수 있도록 하여 글로우 방전으로 최대한 많은 양이 주입될 수 있도록 개선하였다. 최적화된 분석조건을 위한 방전조건으로 시료운반기체 사용량과 방전 전력을 측정하였으며, 그 전에 글로우 방전셀의 냉각장치 및 내부의 구조적인 문제 여부에 따른 방출세기에 미치는 영향과 측정 정밀도를 관찰하였다. 방출되어 발생된 빛은 광전송용 광파이버에 의하여 효율적으로 검출기에 운반되도록 구성 제작하였으며, 마지막으로 본 연구결과에 의한 직선성을 관찰하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집
• /
• 제19권12호
• /
• pp.3317-3328
• /
• 1995

The objective of the present study is to predict the characteristics of heat and mass transfer around an evaporative condenser. Numerical calculations have been performed using multi-zone method to investigate heat transfer rate and evaporation rate with the variation of inlet condition(velocity, relative humidity and temperature) of the moist air, the flow rate of the cooling water and the shape of the condenser tube. From the results it is found that the profile of heat flux is the same as that of evaporation rate since heat transfer along the gas-liquid interface is dominated by the transport of latent heat in association with the vaporization(evaporation) of the liquid film. The evaporation rate and heat transfer rate is increased as mass flow rate increases or relative humidity and temperature decrease respectively. But the flow rate of the cooling water hardly affect the evaporation rate and heat flux along the gas-liquid interface. The elliptic tube which the ratio of semi-minor axis to semi-major axis is 0.8 is more effective than the circular tube because the pressure drop is decreased. But the evaporation rate and heat flux shown independency on the tube shape.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.131-139
• /
• 1999

Experimental investigations on flame spread in droplet arrays have been conducted under supercritical ambient pressures of fuel droplet. Flame spread rates are measured for n-Decane droplet of diameters of 0.75 and 1.0mm, using high speed images of OH chemiluminescence up to 3.0MPa. The pattern of flame spread is categorized into two: a continuous mode and an intermittent one. There exists a limit droplet spacing, above which flame spread does not occur. Flame spread rate with the decrease of droplet spacing increases and then decreases after takin& a maximum. It is also seen that there exists a limit ambient pressure, above which flame spread does not occur. Flame spread rate decreases monotonically with the increase of ambient pressure. Exceptionally, In the case of a small droplet spacing, flame spread with the increase of ambient pressure is extended to supercritical pressures of fuel droplet. This is caused by enhanced vaporization with the increase of ambient pressure. Consequently, in flame spread with droplet droplet spacing, the relative position of flame to droplet spacing plays an important role. The monotonic decrease with ambient pressure is mainly related to the reduction of flame radius in subcritical pressures and the extension to supercritical pressures of flame spread is caused by the reduction of ignition time of unburnt droplet due to the enhanced vaporization at supercritical pressures.

• 대한금속재료학회지
• /
• 제48권4호
• /
• pp.357-362
• /
• 2010

Ferromagnetic Mn-Al nanoparticles were prepared using a plasma arc discharge method. The influence of the process parameters on the vaporization rate, composition, particle size, and magnetic properties of the as-produced nanoparticles was investigated. The Mn content was found to be higher in the nanoparticles than in the corresponding mother materials, although the difference diminished with the reaction time. As the $H_2$ content in the reaction gas increased, both the vaporization rate and the particle size increased. With 30 at.% Mn, the average particle diameter was 35.2 nm under a pure Ar gas condition, whereas it was 95.4 nm at a Ar:$H_2$ ratio of 60:40. With the addition of a small amount of carbon, ${\varepsilon}$-phase nanoparticles were successfully synthesized. After a heat treatment in a vacuum for 30 min at $500^{\circ}C$, the nonmagnetic ${\varepsilon}$-phase was transformed into the ferromagnetic ${\tau}$-phase, and a very high coercivity of nearly 5.6 kOe was achieved.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.79-89
• /
• 2019

본 연구는 기존의 콘크리트 투수블록이 아닌 재활용 합성수지를 활용하여 제작된 투수블록의 열섬현상 완화의 기능성 측면인 표면온도의 저감효과를 확인하고자 야외계측과 실내실험을 진행하였다. 야외계측은 건조한 상태와 습윤상태를 고려하여 3일 동안 계측하였고, 실내실험은 건조 조건, 강우 모사 조건, 표층 습윤 조건 등으로 구분하여 온도의 변화와 실험 후 함수율의 증발비율을 확인하였다. 야외계측 결과, 가뭄이 지속되거나 일정수준의 수분이 표층에 없는 건조한 상태에서는 수분의 증발에 의한 기화잠열로 냉각효과가 발휘되기 보다는 투수블록 표면의 알베도에 의한 차이로 표면의 온도가 감소하는 것을 확인하였다. 실내실험 결과, 재생 합성수지 투수블록(RS 투수블록)은 콘크리트 투수블록보다 건조한 상태일때는 더 높은 표면온도를 기록하였으나 강우 모사조건에서는 공극내 수분의 증발이 모세관력에 의해 지속적으로 유지되어 더 높은 온도 저감율 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 실내실험 후 증발율을 측정한 결과 수분의 증발율이 높을수록 온도의 저감효과는 증가하는 것을 확인하였다. 이 결과를 바탕으로 증발율과 온도의 저감율에 대한 상관관계식을 도출하였다.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한설비공학회 2009년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
• /
• pp.1283-1287
• /
• 2009

In this study, an analysis was performed on an evaporative steam generator (concentrator), where natural circulation convective boiling occurs on tube-side by condensing hot steam on shell-side. Existing correlations on two-phase pressure drop, boiling or condensation heat transfer were used for the analysis. The effect of number of tubes, tube length, etc. on thermal performance was investigated. Simulation results reveal that steam generation rate increases almost proportionally to the tube length, or number of tubes. It is also shown that water circulation rate decreases as tube length increases.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
• /
• 제25권11호
• /
• pp.1483-1491
• /
• 2001

Enhancement of pulsed-laser ablation by an artificially deposited liquid film is presented. Measurements of ablation rate, ablation threshold, and surface topography arc performed. Correlation between material ablation and photoacoustic effect is examined by the optical beam deflection method. The dependence of ablation rate on liquid-film thickness and chemical composition is also examined. The results indicate that photomechanical effect in the phase explosion of liquid is responsible for the enhanced ablation. The low critical temperature of liquid induces explosive vaporization with localized photoacoustic excitation in the superheat limit and increases the ablation efficiency. Experiments were carried out utilizing a Q-swiched Nd:YAG laser at near-threshold laser fluences with negligible plasma effect (up to ∼100 MW/cm$^2$).

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
• /
• 제49권6호
• /
• pp.360-366
• /
• 2000

This paper presents the fabrication and test of a micropump consisting of a pair of Al flap valves and a phase-change type actuator. The actuator is composed of a heater, a silicone rubber diaphragm and a working fluid chamber. The diaphragm is actuated by the vaporization and the condensation of the working fluid. The micropump is fabricated by the anisotropic etching, the boron diffusion and the metal evaporation. The forward and the backward flow characteristics of the flap valves illustrate the appropriateness as a check valve. Also, the flow rate of the micropump is measured. When the square wave input voltage of 8 V, 70% duty ratio and 2 Hz is applied to the heater, the maximum flow rate of the micropump is $97\muell/min$ for zero pressure difference.