• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.24 no.10
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• pp.33-39
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• 2023

As interest in the use of underground spaces increases, safety against water pressure acting on underground structures is required. In Korea, various buoyancy prevention methods are used to control such underground water pressure, and among them, the vertical drainage method with excellent economic efficiency, constructionability and stability has recently been introduced and applied. However, in the case of the vertical drainage method designed and constructed in the field, it is often designed and constructed depending on numerical analysis, making it difficult to expect practical stability judgment. Accordingly, in this study, an experiment was conducted to measure both pressure by installing a vertical drainage system using a model soil. Based on the measured value by the experiment and the numerical analysis value, we intend to compare and analyze the action positive pressure and use it as basic data for field application.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.71-82
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• 2022

Most of the predictions using machine learning are neutral predictions considering the symmetrical situation where the predicted value is not smaller or larger than the actual value. However, in some situations, asymmetric prediction such as over-prediction or under-prediction may be better than neutral prediction, and it can induce better judgment by providing various predictions to decision makers. A method called Asymmetric Twin Support Vector Regression (ATSVR) using TSVR(Twin Support Vector Regression), which has a fast calculation time, was proposed by controlling the asymmetry of the upper and lower widths of the ε-tube and the asymmetry of the penalty with two parameters. In addition, by applying the existing GSVQR and the proposed ATSVR, prediction using the prediction propensities of over-prediction, under-prediction, and neutral prediction was performed. When two parameters were used for both GSVQR and ATSVR, it was possible to predict according to the prediction propensity, and ATSVR was found to be more than twice as fast in terms of calculation time. On the other hand, in terms of accuracy, there was no significant difference between ATSVR and GSVQR, but it was found that GSVQR reflected the prediction propensity better than ATSVR when checking the figures. The accuracy of under-prediction or over-prediction was lower than that of neutral prediction. It seems that using both parameters rather than using one of the two parameters (p_1,p_2) increases the change in the prediction tendency. However, depending on the situation, it may be better to use only one of the two parameters.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.7
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• pp.306-315
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• 2011

The study defines the job characteristics anxiety of the private security workers and the effect of the performance. While the study selected the private guards working at the private security companies registered at the National Police Agency in Seoul 2011 and sampled total 300 people by using the judgment sampling method, the final input case number is 266 people. The study used alpha value of the reliability analysis and the maximum-likelihood classification of the covariation structure analysis in order to verify the validity of the survey and the reliability. With the research method and the process the result of the study is as follows. First, the task importance of the private security workers affects the minus influence to the characteristic anxiety. Second, the feedback of the private security workers affects the minus influence to the characteristic anxiety. Third, the job autonomy of the private security workers affects the minus influence to the characteristic anxiety. Fourth, the feedback of the private security workers affects the plus influence to the task performance. Fifth, the job autonomy of the private security workers affects the plus influence to the task performance. Sixth, the skill variety of the private security workers affects the plus influence to the task performance. Seventh, the characteristic anxiety of the private security workers affects the plus influence to the task performance.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.271-274
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• 2016

CT quality assurance imaging evaluation and enforcement as quantitative assessment by phantom image evaluation, assessment items include There are also contrasting the water attenuation coefficient, uniformity, noise, resolution, spatial resolution, 10mm slice thickness evaluation, contrast resolution, space for the resolution, the slice thickness evaluation, it is possible to estimate the error due to the evaluation by the subjective judgment of the tester, using a subjective error image processing program to be computed to minimize the objective evaluation. Basic recording conditions of the CT image quality control assessment is the same as special medical equipment quality control checks, the images were evaluated quantitatively using IMAGE J. For a CT attenuation coefficient, the uniformity, noise evaluation, were evaluated as CT quality control image the standard deviation of the measured value of the digital processing of image smaller and less noise uniform images than the, contrast and resolution assessment is the size of the diameter of a circle having a large the 1 inch, 0.75 inch, 0.5 inch quality if the diameter of the circle, was evaluated in the small circle in the near circle ellipse. Spatial resolution is evaluated by using a self-extracting features of an image processing program, all of the groups of members comprising the acceptance criteria to automatically extract, was evaluated to be very useful for the quantitative assessment. When CT image quality control assessment on the basis of the results such as the above, if using an image processing program to minimize the subjective judgment of the error evaluator and is determined more efficient than would be made quantitative evaluation.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.3-22
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• 2021

Civil and commercial disputes can be resolved through alternative dispute settlement systems other than court proceedings. Among them, the arbitration procedure is a system that is clearly distinguished from the mediation procedure in which the dispute is terminated by agreement between the parties. The arbitration proceedings shall have the same effect as the result of the final judgment by the decision of a third-party arbitrator, and its essence is a judgment. The Korean Arbitration Association Studies was founded in December 1990 to recognize the importance of arbitration procedures and conduct specialized research on them, with professional research on 'arbitration procedures' continuing until today. Thus, the Korean Arbitration Association Studies is positioned as the only specialized research organization in the field of arbitration. In the case of the Korean Arbitration Association Studies, which is the only society in Korea related to arbitration and alternative dispute resolution, the members are mainly scholars majoring in trade and commerce and ones majoring in law. This situation reflects the distinctive character of the arbitration system because it is a matter of dispute procedures related to trade and commerce and many scholars who research trade and commerce need to prepare for possible disputes. In addition, the arbitration procedure is a dispute settlement procedure that substitutes for litigation because it has research value as a legal system. In particular, the 'Journal of Arbitration Studies' published by the Korean Arbitration Association plays a role in mediation, as well as mediation and presentation of research papers in the ADR field. This study analyzes the trends of mediation and ADR-related papers published in 'Journal of Arbitration Studies', an academic journal of the Korean Arbitration Association Studies, in four dimensions, celebrating the 30th anniversary of the Korean Arbitration Association Studies. First, this study examined which sub-themes are mainly studied among the various viewpoints of mediation through thematic analysis. Second, it looked at what methodology was used to study intervention at the methodological level. Third, it assessed what countries and regions had been mainly studied at the regional level. Fourth, in terms of content, what kind of research had been mainly conducted and what kind of research was relatively insufficient was investigated, analyzing the research results of the last 30 years and presenting a milestone for the research direction of 'Journal of Arbitration Studies' in the future.

• Journal of Ethics
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• no.97
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• pp.279-306
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• 2014

This study presents the leadership model that is to build of ethical and cultural leadership. This model is to operat the functions of a systemof leadership that based on the universal principles of life, that is performed bybalance and harmonized judgment of the ideal ethical oughtfulness and cultural values, and practise ethically through relationship, process, and skill of leadership. And this model turn out to lead a real impact and then overcome conflict, problem solving, motivation. To check the validity of leadership, this study analysis the case study of leadership of King Sejong. His leadership is based at heaven that on the basis of the universal principles of life. The ideal ethical oughtfulness is to cares for people and the value of the cultural is to cherish the people's will. His leadership is to be balance and harmonized judgment of the ideal ethical oughtfulness and the cultural values by practice of virtues through relationship, process, and skill of leadership. Leadership relationship is a equal role relationship that are the children of the sky, thus to be coexistence and harmonyin close collaboration. Leadership process is a process of transvaluation to ensure the validity of the values by rational discussion and persuasion. Leadership skills led to active obedience through leading by example and love of learning. King Sejong' leadership is the leadership that ethical and cultural leadership become well-implemented.

• The Journal of Art Theory & Practice
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• no.2
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• pp.169-190
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• 2004

The purpose of this article is to delve into the problems of originality of the artwork by examining issues of reproduction within the contemporary art market. In contemporary arts, especially in terms of art production and consumption, we can't overlook society and its economic structure and its connection with of capitalism. As the purity of art creation has turned into an exchange value, art, especially an object as artwork, has fallen into the status of production in an economic marketing system. Walter Benjamin mainly referred to that point in his thesis Das Kunstwerk im Zeitalter seiner technischen Reproduzierbarkeit, which originated the sociology of plastic arts. This thesis, published in 1936, traced how the artistic functions of photograph and movie had been changed through the social development. His main concerns were movie and photograph but what I am concentrating from his point of view, is that even in the field of plastic arts, the manufacture of reproduction has been practiced as a primary method within the social and political contexts and development. Though I am referring to this in the main body of this article, reproduction in contemporary art strongly needs a new definition since it has been spread all over like a newest virus, not only by collector's personal taste or hut also by commercial circulations of these reproductions to the public. This relates to Benjamin's argument about the value of an exhibition at a museum(Ausstellungswert). Since the function of an artwork has been one of cultural industry, the manufacturing of reproduction raises unexpected problems, such as, the originality of the artwork, the value of an exhibition at a museum, its achievement as documentary and as a territory of art criticism. In this point of view, I want to inquire into the value and criteria of an exhibition in contemporary art through the review of the definitions and the intrinsic attributes of reproduction. Somehow in a broad sense, the reproduction is a product coming out of representation or copy (replica) of an original art work or an model. Therefore, the problems it presents differ from the Simulacre, which is an image without an original one. In terms of the Meanings of reproduction, we can distinguish it as reproductions, copies, and productions. These types of reproductions are not the original artworks reflected by the creative intention of the artists. For example, a publishing company reproduced some of lithographs of Salvador Dali in the 1960s. They are commercial copies in the form of representation or reproduction with no artistic and creative intention of the artist. However, In despite of this theoretical basis, reproductions of the famous artists are still displayed without any verification for of the public's quest for the artworks. Moreover, many commercial companies that are planning to exhibit art works of the world-famous artists only for their profits keep trying to speak ill of and judging by the law the honest art critics' articles which discuss the true values of exhibition. If freedom of expression is one of the ideals of democracy, even the judgment of the originality of the artworks should be freely expressed.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.39 no.1 s.258
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• pp.42-47
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• 2006

Background: The new Multidetector Computed Tomography (MDCT) is useful in visualization of complex coronary artery anatomy. We investigated usefulness comparing of invasive coronary angiography with noninvasive MDCT in judgment of functional degree of coronary arteries grafts after coronary artery bypass graft operation. Material and Method: We analyzed the patency of 52 conduits from 15 patients whom consented to take both 32 Channel MDCT and coronary angiography from November 2003 to November 2004. Comparisons were performed for sensitivity, specificity, positive prediction value and negative prediction value between coronary angiography and 3 dimensional reconstruction image using MDCT. Result: The average graft used was 3.4 $\pm$ 0.8 per patient. Average heart rate during MDCT was 86/minute (Range, 60$\∼$110/minute) without administration of $\beta$-blocker. All patients could hold breath as much as necessary. The average graft patency obtained through corollary angiography was 96.2$\%$. In MDCT group, the sensitivity, the specificity, the positive predictive value and the negative predictive value for diagnosis was 100$\%$, 98.0$\%$, 100$\%$ and 66.6$\%$ respectively. Conclusion: The effectiveness of 32 Channel MDCT may be compared to coronary angiography in grasping about patency and bloodstream of graft conduits after coronary artery bypass graft. Also MDCT has the advantage of noninvasiveness and inexpensiveness compared to coronary angiography.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.217-239
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• 2009

As gas hydrate is recently emerging as a new energy source to solve environmental and exhaustion problems caused by fossil energy, Korea is working on a gas hydrate development project under a 10-year plan from 2005 to 2014. Gas hydrate is expected to have a big effect on the economy and society of Korea, which is largely depending on energy imports besides water energy and atomic energy. However, it is uncertain whether the project will produce successful results. Thus, it is very important to improve its validity and to propose effective execution strategies by evaluating the value of the project in advance. Thus, this study intended to include new information, which had not been evaluated in existing methods, and to reduce biases or errors in value evaluation results by applying a fuzzy risk analysis to the real option model in order to evaluate the value of a gas hydrate development project. It is advantageous that the real option model based on the fuzzy risk analysis modelizes the vagueness and inexactness of intangible element judgment into an appropriate language scale so as to evaluate these elements clearly and integrate them with estimated financial performance results. The application of the fuzzy risk analysis makes it possible to conduct an analysis by dissolving a decision-making issue with complicated and various attributes into several simplified problems. With the continuing high oil prices and today's demand of clean energy, the necessity of energy resources and technology development projects keeps growing. Amid this situation, it is expected that these study results will contribute to proposing a guideline not only for gas hydrate projects but also for policy decision-making related to future energy industries.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.87-108
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• 2013

With questionnaires conducted for 613 adult Koreans in Seoul, the present study examined how their social features (income level, political party identification, political values, values of capitalism and egalitarianism) exercise influence on attitudes toward income polarization and their evaluation of government policies. Two groups of participants (high vs. low) for each social feature were formed first. Then their attitudes toward income polarization (liberal vs. conservative) and evaluations of policies (liberal vs. conservative) exercised by government (Participatory vs. Practical) were compared. Results indicated that liberal value was strengthened by liberal value, anti-capitalistic, and conservative value was strengthened by egalitarian values, and party identification. It was also found that party identification partial effect on the judgment of policies exercised by Participatory Government. These findings were discussed in terms of their implications for Korean society and measures for communication constructive for settlement of income polarization were suggested.