• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.299-310
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• 2007

It will be necessary to make proper management plans to preserve the air quality in good level for the public. In order to make these plans, source information and detail emission inventories of the city and near industrial areas should be given. However, lack of the source measurements data makes us more difficult to complete the source inventory. VOC source Inventory could be utilized for the feasibility study to estimate the contribution of VOC sources presenting to the receptor such as residential area. It may give policy maker an idea how to control the air quality, and improve their social environment in the area. This study shows data that measured VOCs concentrations from the local industrial areas in Jeonju during from May 2005 to January 2006. The samples were collected from the near sources in 7 major factories in the industrial park as well as 5 general sources in near city Jeonju area to elucidate the abundances of speciated VOCs and their spacial and temporal distributions depending on source bases. Industrial sources are as follows; chemical, food, paper, wood, metal, non-metal (glass), and painting (coating) industries. The 5 general sources are sampled from tunnel, gasoline gas station, dry cleaning shop, printing (copy) shop, and road pavement working place in urban area. To understand the near source effect at receptor, samples from the 2 receptor sites (one is at center of the industrial complex and the other site is at distance residential area downwind from the center) were collected and analyzed for the comparison to source concentration. The mass contributions of the speciated VOC to total mass of VOCs measured from the different sources and ambient (2 receptors) were presented and discussed.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.33 no.9
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• pp.645-665
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• 2024

For volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emanating from workplaces within the Noksan national industrial complex, the emission characteristics of pollutants were identified through zone-based measurements using vehicles equipped with selective ion flow tube mass spectrometry(SIFT-MS). The average concentration of total VOCs was higher in zones 2, 4, and 5 than in zones 1, 3, and 6, and was 2.1 to 4.2 times higher than background concentrations. The average concentrations of pollutants investigated were (from highest to lowest) methyl ethyl ketone, formaldehyde, methanol, and n-hexane. However, the pollutants that should be prioritized for reduction to decrease ozone generation were (from highest to lowest) methyl ethyl ketone, n-hexane, for maldehyde, and ethylbenzene+xylene. Benzene, a substance governed by atmospheric environmental standards, exhibited a frequency distribution exceeding the stipulated limits, and concentrations exceeding 100 ppb were identified for methyl ethyl ketone, methanol, toluene, and n-hexane. In certain class 4 and 5 workplace facilities, VOC emissions and emission prevention installations were inadequately managed, necessitating the formulation of management measures for small enterprises. Also, workplaces that emit large amounts of VOCs need to upgrade to VOC-prevention installations with higher processing efficiencies. To efficiently monitor VOCs in a wide range of areas, such as the Noksan national industrial complex, it is considered appropriate to monitor workplaces that emit high concentrations of VOCs using mobile SIFT-MS in real time rather than relying on fixed monitoring methods. A specialized method targeting approximately 10 VOCs is necessary to quickly track emission sources.Furthermore, it is essential to phase in a system for the intensive management of suspected workplaces based on accumulated data from SIFT-MS in areas where high VOC concentrations are measured and to establish a cooperative system for sharing data between relevant institutions.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.318-319
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• 2002

대기 중으로 배출되는 휘발성 유기화합물 (VOCs)은 인체에의 유해성 및 2차 오염물질의 생성 등에 많은 악영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 알려지고 있다. 최근에는 이들의 대한 원인물질, 정확한 발생량 및 기여의 정도를 파악하기 위한 연구가 미국-을 중심으로 국·내외적으로 광범위하게 수행되고 있다. 하지만 우리나라의 경우 이들에 대한 연구가 극히 저조한 실정인데 그 이유는 미량 VOCs 측정자체가 난해하고 비용 또한 많이 들기 때문이다. (중략)

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.284-291
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• 2014

The handling process of car indoor air quality is composed of 2 steps of testing. First, assambly part is tested to find a source of car indoor VOCs. Second, cut sample of unit component is tested to find a source material of VOCs emission. If the source material of VOCs emission is found, it can reduce car and assembly part of VOCs by improving material. As cut sample testing has problem of emission from cut surface to find the source of VOCs, it needs to apply unit components testing method. The aim of study is to evaluate VOCs impact factor of unit components in assembly parts. ISO 12219-5 test method reflects not only material effect but also surface area effect by testing unit component without cutting. The unit components of doortrim and console, were tested by ISO12219-5. And it could figure what unit component is main source of VOCs in assembly. And quantity conversion Factor which gets by testing assembly and unit components can be used to make guideline of ISO 12219-5.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.363-376
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• 2003

In this study, the fugitive emission characteristics of airborne volatile organic compounds from different source categories were evaluated with respect to the concentrations measured in the vicinity of the sources. A total of 22 different sources were investigated, including gasoline storage and filling stations, painting spray booth, laundry, printing officer, textile industries, and a number of environmental sanitary facilities such as landfill, wastewater treatment and incineration plants. The target VOCs included 83 individual compounds, which were determined by adsorption sampling and thermal desorption coupled with GC/MS analysis. Overall, the aliphatic compounds appeared to be the most abundant class of compounds in terms of their concentrations, followed by aromatic, and halogenated hydrocarbons. As a single compound, however, toluene was the most abundant one, explaining 11% of the total VOC concentrations as an average of all the dataset. Among source categories, petroleum associated sources such as gasoline storage/filling stations, and laundry factory were identified as the most significant sources of aliphatic hydrocarbons, while aromatic VOCs were dominantly emitted from the sources handling organic solvents, such as painting booth, printing offices, and textile dyeing processes. However. there was no apparent pattern in terms of the contributions of eath group to the total VOCs concentrations in environmental sanitary facilities. It was also found that the activated carbon adsorption tower installed for the VOC emission control in some facilities do not show any effective performances, which may result in the increased VOC levels in the ambient atmosphere.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.115-121
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• 2009

This study examined the emission characteristics and psychological effects of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from wooden boards made of Pinus densiflora and Chamaecyparis obtusa, conifer commonly found in korean forests. Boards made of those species were used to decorate interior of a test room. Different proportions of interior (20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% against the entire interior of the room) were decorated. Electroencephalogram and VOCs in the test room were measured 24 hours after interior decorated. As the results, when 40% of interior of the room decorated with both species of boards, the largest amount of alpha wave was detected. For board made of P. densiflora, as the proportion of interior decorated increased both natural VOCs(NVOCs) and anthropogenic VOCs(AVOCs) were increased. on the other hand, When interior decorated with board made of C, obtusa, little differences in VOCs with different area of interior decorated was detected. Board made of P. densiflor emitted a slightly higher amount of AVOCs than boards made of C. obtusa. NVOCs emitted from board made of P. densiflora was three to fifteen times more than NVOCs emitted from board made of C. obtusa.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.209-222
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• 2006

Odor problems brought about by deteriorating air quality occur in areas surrounding landfills because VOCs emissions from landfills are exhausted through surface soil and gas vents. Due to these factors, monitoring of VOCs emissions from landfills are essential. However, only a few studies have been carried out to assess VOCs emissions from landfills. A comprehensive approach to this problem is definitely warranted. In this study, we estimated BTEX emissions from 7 landfill sites in Korea using field experiments and LandGEM(Landfill Gas Emission Model), which is the USA EPA(Environmental Protection Agency)-recommended model for landfill gas emission estimation. For this purpose, we suitably modified the model's major input parameters $L_0$ and k according to 3 classes based on landfill scale after considering the characteristics of field experiments and LandGEM data. Consequently, we estimated VOCs emissions from landfills for cities, provinces and all of Korea alter modifying $L_0$ & k using LandGEM. Through the results of this study, we obtained essential basic data with respect to present conditions which will help us understand VOCs emissions from landfills in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.24-37
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• 2007

The Korean Ministry of Environment started controlling indoor air quality (IAQ) in 2004 through the introduction of a law regulating the use of pollutant emitting building materials. The use of materials with formaldehyde emission levels above $1.25 mg/m^2{\cdot}h$ (JIS A 1901, small chamber method) has been prohibited. This level is equivalent to the $E_2$ grade ($>5.0mg/{\ell}$) of the desiccator method (JIS A 1460). However, the $20{\ell}$ small chamber method requires a 7-day test time to obtain the formaldehyde and volatile organic compound (VOC) emission results from solid building interior materials. As a approach to significantly reduce the test time, the field and laboratory emission cell (FLEC) has been proposed in Europe with a total test time less than one hour. This paper assesses the reproducibility of testing formaldehyde and TVOC emissions from wood-based composites such as medium density fiberboard (MDF), laminate flooring, and engineered flooring using three methods: desiccator, perforator and FLEC. According to the desiccator and perforator standards, the formaldehyde emission level of each flooring was ${\le}E_1$ grade. The formaldehyde emission of MDF was $3.48 mg/{\ell}$ by the desiccator method and 8.57 g/100 g by the perforator method. To determine the formaldehyde emission, the peak areas of each wood-based composite were calculated from aldehyde chromatograms obtained using the FLEC method. Formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde and benzaldehyde were detected as aldehyde compounds. The experimental results indicated that MDF emitted chloroform, benzene, trichloroethylene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m,p-xy-lene, styrene, and o-xylene. MDF emitted significantly greater amounts of VOCs than the floorings did.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Health Society Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.139-141
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• 2004

Emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are one of the popular issues of air pollution in Korea, especially in Ulsan city, where much chemical plants are located. It is necessary to detect the VOCs precisely in order to control the air pollution during the plant operation. In general, to examine the concentration of VOCs, gas chromatography (GC) is used. However, most plant operators are using the easy operating handy VOCs detector, which is imported, because GC is difficult to treat and the installation price is high although it is very useful equipment. Therefore, the development of the VOCs detector becomes one of the urgent issues. In this study, sensing characteristics of selected VOCs for the development of VOCs detector was investigated. Semiconductor sensor and several VOCs such as aliphatic, aromatic, and non-homogeneous hydrocarbons were used for the experiment. Through the various experiments, sensor used in the experiment has shown high linearity and sensitivity for most VOCs in the range of 1 -500 ppm concentration.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.250-260
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• 2007

It was investigated that the emission characteristics of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from small and medium companies located on industrial complexes in Metropolitan area. The emission characteristics are intermittent sources in which VOCs emissions are highly depends on the working condition. Optimized ventilation system to improve air quality in working area for the three typical companies were installed. Adsorption characteristics of major VOCs such as MEK, IPA, and toluene emitted front the companies were investigated for design of the activated carbon vessel as a VOCs control facility in each company. Concentration of total hydrocarbon and gas amounts needed to ventilation were also used as a design parameter. Mixed adsorbent to improve adsorption characteristics of problematic solvents like IPA and the design guideline of the activated carbon vessel have been suggested.