• 한국섬유공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국섬유공학회 2003년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.287-288
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• 2003

Polyurethane(PU) materials have been generally used in the automobile, paint, furniture, adhesive, and textile industries. The use of Waterborne PU was motivated form the environmental point of view, i.e. reduction of solvent emissions into the atmosphere(volatile organic compounds, VOC)[1]. Generally speaking, phase change materials (PCM) have the capability of absorbing or releasing thermal energy to reduce or eliminate heat transfer at the temperature range of the particular temperature stabilizing material[2]. (omitted)

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.813-826
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• 1999

To understand the present status of air pollutant emission data for the greater Seoul area, existing air pollutant emission data were analyzed and compared. For the criteria pollutants, estimation methods of emissions from point, line, and area sources adopted in the previous studies were analyzed and their results were compared. Two sets of VOC emission estimation were also compared and analyzed. There exists a large discrepancy among previous emission data due to the differences in the scope of emission sources and the estimation method including emission factors employed in each estimation. Applications of previous air pollutant emission studies for air quality modeling and related problems were discussed.

• 한국대기환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국대기환경학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.399-400
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• 1999

From the scientific point of view, any regulation of the emissions of toxic air pollutants in general, and ETS or VOCs in particular, will inevitably be based on exposure levels and consequential health effects, data of this nature is still lacking for most of ETS and VOCs. In this context, the importance of personal monitoring measurements of ETS and VOCs in relation to risk assessment has been emphasized previously.(omitted)

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.91-96
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to measure the environmental effects of different alternative building materials. The following building materials were tested: clay bricks, cement wall, and red-clay plaster. Four mock-up models were constructed using clay bricks, cement wall, red-clay plaster and the last model as the control model. The effects of the above four building materials on temperature, humidity, the emissions of formaldehyde, and V.O.C were measured. This experiment was conducted during September. The conclusions are as follows. Clay bricks were able to control temperature, humidity and filter formaldehyde by itself. The environment within the cement wall was not affected by the humidity changes outside. Red-clay plaster walls had little impact on the environment because it is very thin.!

• 토지주택연구
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.417-424
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 2012년에 입주되는 신축공동주택을 대상으로 실시된 실내공기질 측정결과를 통하여 실내공기질의 계절별 특성을 조사하고자 하였다. 측정대상은 전국에 걸친 43개의 공동주택 단지였으며, 입주 전 베이크아웃이 실시된 상태였다. "실내공기질공정시험기준"(환경부)에 준하여 측정하였으며, 포름알데히드, 벤젠, 톨루엔, 에틸벤젠, 자일렌, 크실렌의 6개 항목의 단지별 평균방출량을 분석하였다. 측정결과, 실내온도가 $30^{\circ}C$까지 상승하는 하절기로 갈수록 실내공기오염물질이 다량 방출되는 특성을 확인할 수 있었으며, 모든 항목이 권고기준 이하로 나타났다. 포름알데히드 평균 방출농도는 실내온도가 $25^{\circ}C$이상 높아지는 6월~9월의 방출량이 높게 나타나는 것을 알 수 있으며, 벤젠의 평균 방출농도는 모든 계절에 소량으로 방출되는 것으로 나타났다. 톨루엔 및 에틸벤젠의 평균 방출농도는 실내온도 $22^{\circ}C{\sim}30^{\circ}C$까지 상승하는 4월~8월에 방출량이 다소 높게 나타났으며, 자일렌, 스티렌 방출량은 모두 4월에 많이 방출된 것으로 나타났으나 일년에 걸쳐 큰 편차없이 고르게 방출되는 것으로 나타났다. 향후에는 세부적인 온도조건과 오염물질 방출량과의 상관관계를 조사하기 위해서는 현장에서 측정세대마다 온도조건을 다르게 조절하여 오염물질방출량 측정분석을 통해 정량적 상관관계를 살펴 볼 필요성이 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.256-266
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• 2020

Objectives: The concentrations and distribution characteristics of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in an industrial complex and surrouding affected residential areas were investigated in an effort to support the efficient management of VOCs. Methods: The atmospheric concentrations of VOCs were analyzed at sites around the Sihwa-Banwol complex located in the cities of Siheung and Ansan and in the surrounding affected residential areas. The appearance of VOCs and the characteristics of their temporal and spatial distribution were evaluated. Results: The total VOC concentrations in the industrial complex were detected at 1.9-2.3 times higher than in the affected areas, but the daily VOCs distributions showed similar patterns in both sites. In particular, it was confirmed that the composition ratio of the VOCs and concentration fluctuations over time in the affected areas are similar to those in the adjacent industrial complex. VOC levels in the affected areas were higher than in residential areas in cities without an industrial complex. Conclusions: VOCs in residential areas near an industrial complex were highly distributed due to the influence of continuous pollutant emissions from the industrial complex. Therefore, the management of VOCs in the atmosphere of the affected area is important for identifying and managing the sources of VOCs detected in high concentrations in the industrial complex.

• 공업화학
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.171-176
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• 2013

지구온난화 문제가 대두되면서 volatile organic compound (VOC) free 도료의 필요성이 크게 증가하고 있다. 현재 국내외적으로 사용되고 있는 도료의 약 70~80% 정도가 용매형 도료이다. 따라서 지구온난화 문제의 근본적인 해결을 위해서는 도료의 희석제로 사용되고 있는 용매인 휘발성 유기화합물(VOCs)의 배출을 최소화 할 수 있는 무용제형도료의 개발이 필수적이다. 본 연구에서는 무용제도료를 개발하기 위하여 기존의 페놀수지의 특성인 산성화로 인해 도료로 사용 시 부착성이 떨어지는 단점을 보완하기 위해 아크릴계 단량체들을 첨가하였다. 합성한 페놀수지와 PF/PMMA 블렌드 수지와 PF/PHEMA 블렌드 수지의 구조분석결과 블렌드된 형태를 확인하였고 접착인장강도실험을 통해 PF/PMMA 블렌드 수지가 2.818 Mpa의 값으로 도료시스템에 적용 가능성을 확인하였다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.181-190
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• 2011

The air pollutants from vehicle exhaust gas are affected by many factors including fuel qualities, engine and vehicle technologies, driving patterns. In particular, fuel qualities and after-treatment devices could directly affect the emission level of pollutants. The pollutant reduction characteristics that caused by enforced fuel quality standard were analyzed. Three types of test fuel were selected in accordance with Korean automotive fuel standard in 2006, 2009, 2012 and used for vehicle emission test in chassis dynamometer. European COPERT correction equation of fuel impact was considered as reference information to quantify the vehicle emission test results. The contribution rates of exhaust emission by COPERT correction equation showed that aromatic compounds and oxygen contents in gasoline fuel was most important. In case of diesel fuel, cetane index and polycyclic aromatic compounds accounted for the greater part. The exhaust emission effects by COPERT correction equation revealed that CO and VOC was increased 0.86%, 1.57% respectively in after 2009 gasoline when compared to before 2009 gasoline fuel. In case of light-duty diesel vehicle CO, VOC and PM were decreased in range of 3~7%. The result from this study could be provided for developing future fuel standards and be used to fundamental information for Korean clean air act.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.48-56
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• 2010

Recently it has reported that the motorcycle is a major source of air pollution in urban area by many studies. But the air pollution emission from motorcycle has been high uncertainty due investigation of a lack of activity data and emission factors in Korea. So in this study, the population of moped and VKT (Vehicle kilometers travelled) of motorcycle are investigated for calculation of the emission from this source categories. As the results, the population of moped is estimated as about 400, 000 and corresponded as 23% of registrated motorcycle which is larger than 50 cc in engine displacement. And it is found that the VKT of moped and motorcycle are investigated as 19.1 km/day and 32.3 km/day. Annual air pollution emission from motorcycle and moped are estimated by investigated VKT and updated emission factors. The nationwide emissions of PM_{10}, CO, $NO_x$, VOC are calculated as 910 ton/yr, 208, 198 ton/yr, 3, 032 ton/yr and 25, 575 ton/yr in 2008. The contribution ratio of CO, VOC emission from these sources are estimated as 29%, 24% in on-road transport sector and it is confirmed that motorcycle and moped are major air pollution sources in urban area.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.384-397
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• 2021

Background: With volatile organic compounds (VOCs) containing aromatic and halogenated hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene that can adversely affect the respiratory and cardiovascular systems when a certain concentration is reached, it is important to accurately evaluate the source and the corresponding health risk effects. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to provide scientific evidence for the city of Seoul's VOC reduction measures by confirming the risk of each VOC emission source. Methods: In 2020, 56 VOCs were measured and analyzed at one-hour intervals using an online flame ionization detector system (GC-FID) at two measuring stations in Seoul (Gangseo: GS, Bukhansan: BHS). The dominant emission source was identified using the Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) model, and health risk assessment was performed on the main components of VOCs related to the emission source. Results: Gasoline vapor and vehicle combustion gas are the main sources of emissions in GS, a residential area in the city center, and the main sources are solvent usage and aged VOCs in BHS, a greenbelt area. The risk index ranged from 0.01 to 0.02, which is lower than the standard of 1 for both GS and BHS, and was an acceptable level of 5.71×10^-7 to 2.58×10^-6 for carcinogenic risk. Conclusions: In order to reduce the level of carcinogenic risk to an acceptable safe level, it is necessary to improve and reduce the emission sources of vehicle combustion and solvent usage, and eco-car policies are judged to contribute to the reduction of combustion gas as well as providing a response to climate change.