• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.231-235
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• 2000

Precision progressive die have used for above ten thousand pieces of lot size production part. In the field of design and making tool for press working, the progressive die for sheet metal (SPC, thickness : 2mm) is a specific division. In order to prevent the defects, the optimum design of the U-bending production part, strip layout, die design, die making and tryout etc. are necessary. They require analysis of many kinds of important factors, i.e. theory and practice of metal pres working and its phenomena, die structure, machining condition for die making, die materials, heat treatment of die component, know-how and so on. In this study, we designed and constructed a progressive die of multi-stage and performed try out. Out of these processes the die development could be taken for advance. Especially the result of tryout and its analysis become the characteristics of this paper (part 1 and part 2) that nothing might be ever seen before such as this type of research method on all the processes. In the part 2 of this study we treated die making and tryout mostly.

• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.54-62
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• 2016

This study presents an approach of tidal farming optimization using a numerical modelling method to simulate tidal energy extraction for 1MW scale tidal stream devices around Jangjuk-sudo, South Korea. The utility of the approach in this research is demonstrated by optimizing the tidal farm in an idealized scenario and a more realistic case with three scenarios of 28-turbine centered tidal array (named A, B and C layouts) inside the Jangjuk-sudo. In addition, the numerical method also provides a pre-processing calculation helps the researchers to quickly determine where the best resource site is located when considering the position of the tidal stream turbine farm. From the simulation results, it is clearly seen that the net energy (or wake energy yield which includes the impacts of wake effects on power generation) extracted from the layout A is virtually equal to the estimates of speed-up energy yield (or the gross energy which is the sum of energy yield of each turbine without wake effects), up to 30.3 GWh/year.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.73-80
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• 2020

With the advent of the Internet era, consumer lifestyles have been changed tremendously, and mobile payment has carried out an increasingly extensive coverage of the people's life trajectory. Taking the design of the mobile payment interface as an example, we use a conjoint analysis method to survey college students in Guangxi, where questionnaires are collected from 270 people in different groups according to gender. The method separates the attributes that affect consumer choice of mobile payment interface design and the utility value of the attribute level to analyze consumer needs and preferences, and then obtains consumers' potential evaluation criteria for mobile payment interface design. The results of the study show that the attributes that influence consumers' choice of mobile payment interface design are, in order of preference: page layout, identification convenience, verification, module distribution, entertainment, and information encryption. Consumer groups of different genders show differences in their preferences in the mobile payment interface design and Consumer needs reflect consumer psychology. Several findings are obtained on the consumers' preferences on the mobile payment interface design, which may be used to improve future design processes.

• Architectural research
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.93-103
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• 2022

In contemporary housing design, this cultural value has been ignored. Contemporary design has adapted quickly to global trends and houses have gradually lost their cultural identity (GhaffarianHoseini & Dahlan, 2012; Lim, 2001). Nevertheless, traditional housing culture persists in people's behavior and thoughts. Therefore, there is currently a pressing need to rebuild cultural identity in housing for cultural sustainability. This study aimed to analyze the traditional culture which was maintained, then transformed and disappeared in housing design through the quantitative survey and explore the cultural identity of Malaysian housing as a result. A quantitative survey was distributed to mothers of 129 married households living in a metropolitan area of Kuala Lumpur in August 2019. As a result, it was found that hosting guest was important even though the designated space (serambi) was disappeared. The LD/K layout, separating kitchen from living and dining area was philosophical and practical culture, still strong among older generation, but weakened among younger generation. To accommodate the traditional habit of diverse household work, wet kitchen, utility space for washing machine & drying, and outdoor space were needed to design carefully. When applied to future housing design, the findings will contribute to enhancing quality of life by strengthening residents' sense of place and social cohesion and by providing a culturally inherent design that eases the effects of globalization.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.60-67
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• 2017

A baggage handling system (BHS) in airport is an unified system for moving the passengers' baggage in designated time. Input baggage from the check-in counter travels to the baggage claim area or cargo handling terminal through this system. In particular, entryway BHS consists of conveyors, X-ray and sorters such as tilt-tray to send the baggage to departing airplane and it could have various problems for handling certain amount of baggage in restricted time such as baggage jamming at certain merge point. This causes systemic error such as delay of the time, omissions of the baggage and even breakdown of the equipment and inefficiency. Also the increasing maximum time of the baggage passing through the BHS could delay the flight schedule and finally decrease the service level. Thus, the algorithm for controlling the flow of the merge is essential to the system. The window reservation algorithm is the one of the most frequently used methods to control the merge configuration. Above all, the reserve location, so called reserve ahead point, that allocates the window is important for the performance of the algorithm. We propose the modified window reservation algorithm and the best reserve locations by changing the reserve ahead point in the induction conveyors. The effect of various reserve ahead points such as the capacity and utility of the system were analyzed and the most effective reserve ahead point combination was found. The total baggage processing time and the utilization of the tilt-tray are properly considered when choosing the optimal Reserve ahead point combination. In the layout of this study, the configuration of four conveyors merged into one tilt-tray is studied and simulation analysis is done by AutoMod(R), 3D simulation software. Through the simulation, the window reservation algorithm is effectively operated with the best combination of reserve ahead point which reduces the maximum baggage travel time.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.10-16
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to identify relationships between a central angle and a radius of curvature of divided roads in flat terrain of traditional villages, suggesting layout criteria for traditional villages: Nak-an, Sung-Eup, Ha-Whe. This study is sought to find the optimum model through the various SAS regression analyses. a regression analysis of this data was adopted to induce the relationship formula between a central angle of curve and a radius of curvature. Results of this study are as follows: 1) Most of the divided roads in traditional villages have a complex curve rather than a simple curve. 2) A central angle of curve has ranged from 11$^{\circ}$to 127$^{\circ}$, with a mean degree of 63.9. 3) In the lower level of central angle(11-40$^{\circ}$), the branch roads have distributed with a high frequency, but with a low frequency in the higher level of central angle(90-140$^{\circ}$). 4) A radius of curvature in the divided roads has ranged from 0.9m to 59.6, but half of the roads have concentrated on 1-6m of the curvature. 5) Compared to the result of hilly villages in previous study(Ahn, 1999), value of central angels in flat villages is lower than that of hilly villages, while a mean value of the curvature is higher than that of hilly villages. 6) A Non-linear regression analysis, resulting from the SAS application, was useful method to induce a relationship formula between a central angle and a radius of curvature in the branch roads. Our study's formula is as follow: R=100.3*EXP(-0.06*$\delta$)+3.91. 7) Our study model has less error than that of the Kishizuka's method, being applicable to a broader range of the branch roads. 8) A minimum radius of curvature in our study has showed 3.9m, suggesting to reconsider applications of the Kishizuka's(5.8m) in the footpass design, In the study for this presupposition model the efficiency and utility of it can be estimated to grow large according to how much and how far it includes both extremes of data. This study is for the application to a design in future through the numerical formula of divided roads of various traditional villages. The studies from now on will be about the quasi-hilly quasi-hilly village and hilly village supplementing these factors more.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.199-212
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• 1998

The ultimate goal of this study can be summed up as follows: First, the utility of Time-Lapse that observes and records people's behavior will be shown and its merits and demerits will be discussed through comparing with other data-collecting methods such as the naked- eye observation, and the specific way in which Time-Lapse can be put to use will be suggested. Second, analysis of use behavior boserved in the plaza of Chungryangri station by Time-Lapse will be made, on the basis of which suggestions will be made concerning planing, designing, layout, and management of the station plaza. Time-Lapse can observe and records the plaza of Chungryangri Staton through 6 different ways of recording in Time-Lapse: 30 seconds, every minute, every two minutes, second every five minutes, every one tenth of a second, and every one fifth of a second, and these different ways of recording were analyzed through comparison from one to each other to check their respective utilities. And also analysis of tracks of pedestrians, density, and use behavior of users were made, according to which the way in which Time-Lapse can be utilized was examined. Several useful results obtained from this study are shown as follows. First, Time-Lapse made it possible to continuously observe for a long time using minimu efforts, and a single tape which is able to cover from 12 hours up to 25 days is useful for observing variation of behavior in space with the passage of time and seasons. Second, among six ways of recording, the recording every one tenth of a second and every one fifth of a second are useful for finding the tracks of pedestrians, the number of users, the member compositions, the time spent in one place, and manner of use. And besides the moving direction and its purpose can be recognized in a short time, which makes it possile to see where crossings of moving directions occur. Third, the recording every thirty seconds, every minute, every two minutes, and every five minutes are useful for analyzing the density in space as well as for finding the number of users and frequency of facilities use. In particular the recording every thirty seconds made it possible to keep the track of pedestrians' walking, and to observe even slowly moving motions such as cleaning. But when the recording interval exceeds one minute, this was not possible. Fourth, time-lapse has advantages over the naked eye observation in several respects. Time-lapse can measure observed behavior and density in terms of number, and locate the position of users. Time-Lapse, if accompanied by other methods such as interviewing and question that can examine psychological aspects like satisfaction or the purpose of use and be a useful device for space studies.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.173-178
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• 2010

A privately held, third generation family owned company, Boom Technologies, Inc. (BTI), a provider of products and services to the electric utility, telecommunications and contractor markets, continues to make progress in exporting. Although export sales only equaled 5% of total revenue in 2008, BTI has an entire export division. Their export division's Managing Director reveals the trial and errors of a privately held company and their quest for success overseas. From its inception, BTI has always believed its greatest asset is its employees. When export sales struggled due to lack of strategy and direction, BTI hired a Managing Director for its export division. With leadership and guidance from BTI's president and from the Managing Director, they utilized the department's skills and knowledge. Structural changes were made to expand their market presence abroad and increase export sales. As a result, export sales increased four-fold, area managers in new countries were added and distribution networks were successfully cultivated. At times, revenue generation was difficult to determine due to the structure of the company. Therefore, in 1996, the export division was restructured as a limited liability company. This allowed the company to improve the tracking of revenue and expenses. Originally, 80% of BTI's export sales came from two countries; therefore, the initial approach to selling overseas was not reaching their anticipated goals of expanding their foreign market presence. However, changes were made and now the company manages the details of selling to over 80 countries. There were three major export expansion challenges noted by the Managing Director: 1. Product and Shipping - The major obstacle for BTI was product assembly. Originally, the majority of the product was assembled in the United States, which increased shipping and packaging costs. With so many parts specified in the order, many times the order would arrive with parts missing. The missing parts could equate to tens of thousands of dollars. Shipping these missing parts separately in another shipment also cost tens of thousands of dollar, plus a delivery delay time of six to eight weeks; all of which came out of the BTI's pockets. 2. Product Adaptation - Safety and product standards varied widely for each of the 80 countries to which BTI exported. Weights, special licenses, product specification requirements, measurement systems, and truck stability can all differ from country to country and can serve as a type of barrier to entry, making it difficult to adapt products accordingly. Technical and safety standards are barriers that serve as a type of protection for the local industry and can stand in the way of successfully pursuing foreign markets. 3. Marketing Challenges - The importance of distribution creates many challenges for BTI as they attempt to determine how each country prefers to operate with regard to their distribution systems. Some countries have competition from a small competitor that only produces one competing product; whereas BTI manufactures over 100 products. Marketing material is another concern for BTI as they attempt to push marketing costs to the distributors. Adapting the marketing material can be costly in terms of translation and cultural differences. In addition, the size of paper in the United States differs from those in some countries, causing many problems when attempting to copy the same layout and With distribution being one of several challenges for BTI, the company claims their distribution network is one of their competitive advantages, as the location and names of their distributors are not revealed. In addition, BTI rotates two offerings yearly: training to their distributors one year and then the next is a distributor's meeting. With a focus on product and shipping, product adaptation, and marketing challenges, the intricacies of selling overseas takes time and patience. Another competitive advantage noted is BTI's cradle to grave strategy, where they follow the product from sale to its final resting place, whether the truck is leased or purchased new or used. They also offer service and maintenance plans with a detailed cost analysis provided to the company prior to purchasing or leasing the product. Expanding abroad will always create challenges for a company. As the Managing Director stated, "If you don't have patience (in the export business), you better do something else." Knowing how to adapt quickly provides BTI with the skills necessary to adjust to the changing needs of each country and its own unique challenges, allowing them to remain competitive.