• 제목/요약/키워드: Utilitarian Orientation

검색결과 21건 처리시간 0.03초

구매자와 판매자의 용의가격 차이에 제품유형과 소비자의 목적지향성이 미치는 영향 (The Effect of Regulatory Focus and Product Type on the Difference in Acceptable Prices between Buyers and Sellers)

  • 전성률;주태욱;조효령
    • Asia Marketing Journal
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    • 제10권1호
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    • pp.65-94
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    • 2008
  • 본 연구에서는 소유효과(endowment effect)와 손실회피(loss aversion)성향에 기인한 판매자의 판매용의가격(willing-to-sell price: WTS)과 구매자의 지불용의가격(willing-to-pay price: WTP) 간의 차이에 관한 기존 연구를 최근 점점 더 소비자들이 경험하고 있는 새로운 유통경로인 온라인 경매라는 거래상황에서 재검증하였으며, 동시에 이러한 판매자와 구매자의 용의가격의 차이에 조절적 영향을 주는 요인으로, 이득(gain)과 손실(loss)에 대한 소비자들의 휴리스틱적인 성향과 관련된 기존 연구결과들을 바탕으로 하여, 제품 유형(product type)과 소비자가 가지고 있는 목적 지향성(goal orientation)이라는 추가적인 조절변수들의 효과를 살펴보았다. 실험결과, 기존연구와 마찬가지로 판매자들이 제시하는 용의가격(WTS)이 구매자들이 지불하고자 하는 용의가격(WTP)보다 높았으며, 이 두 가격의 차이는 거래되는 제품이 소비자의 입장에서 실용적인(utilitarian product) 가치를 갖는 제품일 때보다 쾌락적인(hedonic product) 가치를 갖는 제품일 때, 또한 거래에 참여한 소비자가 향상 목적(promotion goal)을 가지고 있을 때보다 예방 목적(prevention goal)을 가지고 있을 때 더욱 두드러지는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로, 본 연구결과의 이론적 및 실무적 시사점, 그리고 본 연구의 한계점 및 향후 연구방향에 대해서 논의하였다.

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The Relationship between Shopping Value and Shopping Orientation on Purchase Intention at International Shopping Spot

  • Park, Seolwoo;Park, Sohyeon
    • Journal of Korea Trade
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    • 제25권8호
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    • pp.45-56
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    • 2021
  • Purpose - This study examines the relationship between the global consumer's shopping value and the intent to purchase in many of today's emerging international malls. furthermore, the orientation of shopping will be examined to see if there is a significant mediating effect between the value of shopping and willingness to purchase in international shopping malls. Design/methodology - This study conducted a survey of Chinese travelers who had experience in visiting a shopping mall during their visit to Korea through an online panel research agency and received a total of 230 responses. To confirm the relationship with constructs, the structural equation model (SEM) was used to test hypothesis in this research. Findings - The study was to examine the relationship of the international consumers' shopping value to the purchase intention in shopping mall when they visit to other countries, and to find if there was any effect on the relationship between the shopping value of the shopping orientation and the willingness of the international shopping mall. Originality/value - By confirming the relationship between international consumers' shopping value and shopping orientation, this study proposed the theoretical implications for global consumers' shopping behavior. In addition, this result can affect the development of service programs for foreign consumers.

사이버쇼핑 이용자의 소비자특성에 따른 가상점포 평가기준 (Evaluative Criteria of Cyber Store based on Consumer Character of Cyber Stove Shoppers)

  • 박재옥;안민영
    • 한국의류학회지
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    • 제27권3_4호
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    • pp.441-451
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    • 2003
  • The purpose of this study was to find out evaluative criteria of cyber store toward shopping orientation, purchasing experience and demographic factors of consumers to visit cyber store. This study surveyed consumers who have an experience of using cyber store and judgment sampling was used. The respondents were 240 men and women living in the metropolitan area of Seoul and Gyeonggi province. Research method was measured by clothing shopping orientation (utilitarian and hedonic factors), cyber store evaluation criteria (convenience, quality & trust and product character factors), purchasing experience(existent and nonexistent) and demographic factors. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, t-test, Duncan test, and reliability analysis were conducted. The results were as follows: 1. Evaluative criteria of cyber store were considered importantly in order of possibility of exchange and refund, stability of personal information security, substance of quality degree of product and service and store. 2. Among shopping orientation groups, there were significant differences in all evaluative criteria of cyber store: convenience, quality & trust and product character of store. 3. Among groups toward existence and nonexistence in a purchasing experience, there were significant differences in convenience and quality & trust of store. 4. Among Demographic factors(gender, job, education and income) there were significant differences in convenience and quality & trust of store.

쇼핑 가치 추구 성향에 따른 쇼핑 목표와 공유 의도 차이에 관한 연구 - 전자제품 구매고객을 중심으로 (Shopping Value, Shopping Goal and WOM - Focused on Electronic-goods Buyers)

  • 박경원;박주영
    • 마케팅과학연구
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    • 제19권2호
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    • pp.68-79
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    • 2009
  • The interplay between hedonic and utilitarian attributes has assumed special significance in recent years; it has been proposed that consumption offerings should be viewed as experiences that stimulate both cognitions and feelings rather than as mere products or services. This research builds on previous work on hedonic versus utilitarian benefits, regulatory focus theory, customer satisfaction to address two question: (1) Is the shopping goal at the point of purchase different from the shopping value? and (2) Is the customer loyalty after the use different from the shopping value and shopping goal? We surveyed 345 peoples those who have bought the electronic-goods within 6 months. This research dealt with the shopping value which is consisted of 2 types, hedonic and utilitarian. Those who pursue the hedonic shopping value may prefer the pleasure of purchasing experience to the product itself. They tend to prefer atmosphere, arousal of the shopping experience. Consistent with previous research, we use the term "hedonic" to refer to their aesthetic, experiential and enjoyment-related value. On the contrary, Those who pursue the utilitarian shopping value may prefer the reasonable buying. It may be more functional. Consistent with previous research, we use the term "utilitarian" to refer to the functional, instrumental, and practical value of consumption offerings. Holbrook(1999) notes that consumer value is an experience that results from the consumption of such benefits. In the context of cell phones for example, the phone's battery life and sound volume are utilitarian benefits, whereas aesthetic appeal from its shape and color are hedonic benefits. Likewise, in the case of a car, fuel economics and safety are utilitarian benefits whereas the sunroof and the luxurious interior are hedonic benefits. The shopping goals are consisted of the promotion focus goal and the prevention focus goal, based on the self-regulatory focus theory. The promotion focus is characterized into focusing ideal self because they are oriented to wishes and vision. The promotion focused individuals are tend to be more risk taking. They are more sensitive to hope and achievement. On the contrary, the prevention focused individuals are characterized into focusing the responsibilities because they are oriented to safety. The prevention focused individuals are tend to be more risk avoiding. We wanted to test the relation among the shopping value, shopping goal and customer loyalty. Customers show the positive or negative feelings comparing with the expectation level which customers have at the point of the purchase. If the result were bigger than the expectation, customers may feel positive feeling such as delight or satisfaction and they would want to share their feelings with other people. And they want to buy those products again in the future time. There is converging evidence that the types of goals consumers expect to be fulfilled by the utilitarian dimension of a product are different from those they seek from the hedonic dimension (Chernev 2004). Specifically, whereas consumers expect the fulfillment of product prevention goals on the utilitarian dimension, they expect the fulfillment of promotion goals on the hedonic dimension (Chernev 2004; Chitturi, Raghunathan, and Majahan 2007; Higgins 1997, 2001) According to the regulatory focus theory, prevention goals are those that ought to be met. Fulfillment of prevention goals in the context of product consumption eliminates or significantly reduces the probability of a painful experience, thus making consumers experience emotions that result from fulfillment of prevention goals such as confidence and securities. On the contrary, fulfillment of promotion goals are those that a person aspires to meet, such as "looking cool" or "being sophisticated." Fulfillment of promotion goals in the context of product consumption significantly increases the probability of a pleasurable experience, thus enabling consumers to experience emotions that result from the fulfillment of promotion goals. The proposed conceptual framework captures that the relationships among hedonic versus utilitarian shopping values and promotion versus prevention shopping goals respectively. An analysis of the consequence of the fulfillment and frustration of utilitarian and hedonic value is theoretically worthwhile. It is also substantively relevant because it helps predict post-consumption behavior such as the promotion versus prevention shopping goals orientation. Because our primary goal is to understand how the post consumption feelings influence the variable customer loyalty: word of mouth (Jacoby and Chestnut 1978). This research result is that the utilitarian shopping value gives the positive influence to both of the promotion and prevention goal. However the influence to the prevention goal is stronger. On the contrary, hedonic shopping value gives influence to the promotion focus goal only. Additionally, both of the promotion and prevention goal show the positive relation with customer loyalty. However, the positive relation with promotion goal and customer loyalty is much stronger. The promotion focus goal gives the influence to the customer loyalty. On the contrary, the prevention focus goal relates at the low level of relation with customer loyalty than that of the promotion goal. It could be explained that it is apt to get framed the compliment of people into 'gain-non gain' situation. As the result, for those who have the promotion focus are motivated to deliver their own feeling to other people eagerly. Conversely the prevention focused individual are more sensitive to the 'loss-non loss' situation. The research result is consistent with pre-existent researches. There is a conceptual parallel between necessities-needs-utilitarian benefits and luxuries-wants-hedonic benefits (Chernev 2004; Chitturi, Raghunathan and Majaha 2007; Higginns 1997; Kivetz and Simonson 2002b). In addition, Maslow's hierarchy of needs and the precedence principle contends luxuries-wants-hedonic benefits higher than necessities-needs-utilitarian benefits. Chitturi, Raghunathan and Majaha (2007) show that consumers are focused more on the utilitarian benefits than on the hedonic benefits of a product until their minimum expectation of fulfilling prevention goals are met. Furthermore, a utilitarian benefit is a promise of a certain level of functionality by the manufacturer or the retailer. When the promise is not fulfilled, customers blame the retailer and/or the manufacturer. When negative feelings are attributable to an entity, customers feel angry. However in the case of hedonic benefit, the customer, not the manufacturer, determines at the time of purchase whether the product is stylish and attractive. Under such circumstances, customers are more likely to blame themselves than the manufacturer if their friends do not find the product stylish and attractive. Therefore, not meeting minimum utilitarian expectations of functionality generates a much more intense negative feelings, such as anger than a less intense feeling such as disappointment or dissatisfactions. The additional multi group analysis of this research shows the same result. Those who are unsatisfactory customers who have the prevention focused goal shows higher relation with WOM, comparing with satisfactory customers. The research findings in this article could have significant implication for the personal selling fields to increase the effectiveness and the efficiency of the sales such that they can develop the sales presentation strategy for the customers. For those who are the hedonic customers may be apt to show more interest to the promotion goal. Therefore it may work to strengthen the design, style or new technology of the products to the hedonic customers. On the contrary for the utilitarian customers, it may work to strengthen the price competitiveness. On the basis of the result from our studies, we demonstrated a correspondence among hedonic versus utilitarian and promotion versus prevention goal, WOM. Similarly, we also found evidence of the moderator effects of satisfaction after use, between the prevention goal and WOM. Even though the prevention goal has the low level of relation to WOM, those who are not satisfied show higher relation to WOM. The relation between the prevention goal and WOM is significantly different according to the satisfaction versus unsatisfaction. In addition, improving the promotion emotions of cheerfulness and excitement and the prevention emotion of confidence and security will further improve customer loyalty. A related potential further research could be to examine whether hedonic versus utilitarian, promotion versus prevention goals improve customer loyalty for services as well. Under the budget and time constraints, designers and managers are often compelling to choose among various attributes. If there is no budget or time constraints, perhaps the best solution is to maximize both hedonic and utilitarian dimension of benefits. However, they have to make trad-off process between various attributes. For the designers and managers have to keep in mind that without hedonic benefit satisfaction of the product it may hard to lead the customers to the customer loyalty.

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여대생의 쇼핑성향에 따른 신발속성 중요도 비교 (Comparison of shoe attributes importance according to shopping orientations of college women)

  • 이경림
    • 복식문화연구
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    • 제25권4호
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    • pp.433-447
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    • 2017
  • This study reveals the components of college women's shopping orientations and compares the attributes of shoes accordingly. This study attempts to investigate the needs of consumers in the target market of young women by comparing the importance of shoe attributes with their shopping orientations and to provide basic data for efficient marketing strategies which could increase sales. Data was collected using a questionnaire survey. Of a total of 330 questionnaires, 319 were used for statistical analysis. The survey was carried out from July to August 2016. The 17 shopping orientation-related questions and 13 questions about shoe purchase attributes were measured using a five-point Likert Scale. SPSS 23 was used to carry out: descriptives, factor analysis, reliability analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, and Duncan's test. Shopping orientations were divided between brand orientation, pleasure orientation, trend orientation and utilitarian orientation. Shoe attributes were categorized into ostentation value, product value, economic value and aesthetic value. College women were divided into the following groups: active shopping, passive shopping, rational shopping and conforming shopping. According to the comparison of the importance of shoe attributes by consumer type among college women, a significant difference by group was found in ostentation value and aesthetic value only. Furthermore, the average scores on the importance of product value and economic value were very high without significant differences between groups. The study results would be available as basic data to help improving the visual image of shoes and product quality for brands targeting young women in the fashion industry.

한국과 미국 대학생의 패션 브랜드 충성도 영향 요인에 관한 비교 문화 연구 - 쇼핑 성향, 의류 제품 속성 평가, 의복 추구 혜택을 중심으로 - (A Cross-Cultural Study on the Factors Influencing on Fashion Brand Loyalty between Korean and American College Students - Focused on Shopping Orientations, Clothing Attributes Evaluation, Clothing Benefits Sought -)

  • 박현희;구양숙
    • 복식문화연구
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    • 제16권5호
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    • pp.910-923
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    • 2008
  • This study investigated the difference in the influence of shopping orientations, attributes evaluation, and benefits sought on brand loyalty between Korean and American consumers within a clothing purchase context. Questionnaires were administered to 237 Korean consumers and 184 American college students who had purchase experience of casual wear in recent six months through off-line. The results were as follows. First, the hedonic shopping orientation had a positive impact on brand loyalty in both groups, whereas efficient shopping orientation had a positive impact on brand loyalty in American group. Second, the aesthetic attribute had a positive impact on brand loyalty in both groups, whereas utilitarian attribute had a positive impact on brand loyalty in Korean group. Third, brand value benefit sought had a positive impact on brand loyalty in Korean group and body expression/complement had a positive impact on brand loyalty and economic benefit sought had a negative impact on brand loyalty in American group.

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혼밥이 건강한 메뉴 선택에 미치는 영향: 소비 목적 지향과 메뉴 영양 정보 표시의 역할 (Can Dining Alone Lead to Healthier Menu Item Decisions than Dining with Others? The Roles of Consumption Orientation and Menu Nutrition Information)

  • 허은솔
    • 대한지역사회영양학회지
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    • 제26권3호
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    • pp.155-166
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    • 2021
  • Objectives: Driven by a growth of single-person households and individualized lifestyles, solo dining in restaurants is an increasingly recognizable trend. However, a research gap exists in the comparison of solo and group diners' menu-decision making processes. Based on the self-control dilemma and the temporal construal theory as a theoretical framework, this study compared the ordering intentions of solo vs. group diners with healthy vs. indulgent (less healthy) entrées. The mediating role of consumption orientation and the moderating role of amount of menu nutrition information were further explored to understand the mechanism and a boundary condition. Methods: A scenario-based online survey was developed using a 2 (dining social context: solo vs. with others) × 3 (amount of menu nutrition information: no nutrition information vs. calories vs. calories/fat/sodium), between-subjects, experimental design. Consumers' level of nutrition involvement was controlled. A nationwide survey data (n = 224) were collected from a crowdsourcing platform in the U.S. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance, independent t-test, univariate analysis of covariance, and moderated mediation analyses. Results: Findings reveal that solo (vs. group) diners have less (vs. more) intentions to order indulgent menu items due to a more utilitarian (vs. more hedonic) consumption orientation in restaurant dining. Findings also show that solo (vs. group) diners have more (vs. less) intentions to order healthy menu items when the restaurant menu presented nutrition information including calories, fat, and sodium. Conclusions: The findings contribute to the literature of foodservice management, healthy eating, and consumer behavior by revealing a mechanism and an external stimuli of solo vs. group diners' healthy menu-decision making process in restaurants. Furthermore, the findings provide restauranteurs and health professionals with insights into the positive and negative impacts of menu nutrition labelling on consumers' menu-decisions.

소비자 쇼핑가치가 웹사이트 구전행위에 미치는 영향: 인성의 조절효과를 중심으로 (Online Consumer's Shopping Value for Word-of-Mouth Behavior: Moderating Effect of Personality)

  • 문윤지
    • 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국정보통신학회 2013년도 추계학술대회
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    • pp.588-590
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    • 2013
  • 본 연구는 웹사이트에서 소비자들이 추구하는 가치가 소비자의 웹사이트에 대한 태도와 이용의도, 그리고 구전효과에 미치는 영향을 탐색하고자 한다. 본 연구에서 소비자들이 웹사이트 이용 시 추구하는 쇼핑가치는 경제적 가치, 정보적 가치, 오락적 가치로 구분된다. 소비자가 어떠한 쇼핑가치를 추구하느냐 하는 가치추구성향은 이후 소비자가 웹사이트를 이용하는 태도와 타인에게로의 홍보와 같은 구전효과에 유의한 영향을 미치게 된다. 나아가 본 연구는 소비자의 개인적 성향을 사고형(thinking)-감정형(feeling) 성격유형으로 간주하며, 이러한 성격유형에 따라 추구하는 쇼핑가치와 태도 간 관계가 달라질 것이라는 가설을 조절효과를 통해 검증한다. 이 같은 연구모형을 검증하기 위해 본 연구는 오프라인 패밀리레스토랑 이용과 더불어 해당 레스토랑의 홈페이지를 함께 활용했던 경험이 있는 고객들을 대상으로 설문 조사와 Lisrel 분석을 진행하였다. 분석결과, 소비자들의 경제적 쇼핑가치지향, 정보적 쇼핑가치지향, 그리고 오락적 쇼핑가치지향이 강할수록 패밀리레스토랑 홈페이지에 대한 보다 우호적인 태도가 나타나며, 이는 곧 홈페이지의 이용에 대한 의도 및 구전효과에도 긍정적인 영향을 미치게 된다. 사고형-감정형 성격유형의 조절효과 분석결과를 보면, 사고형 성격을 지닌 소비자는 감정형 소비자보다 경제적 가치지향 및 오락적 가치지향에 몰입하여 이후 웹사이트 태도를 결정하는 성향을 보이는 것으로 나타났다.

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여자 중.고등학생의 의복구매 의사결정 유형과 관련변인연구 (A Study on the Decision-Making Styles and the Related Variables in the Apparel Purchase of Female Adolescents)

  • 목영숙
    • 대한가정학회지
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    • 제35권1호
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    • pp.357-372
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    • 1997
  • The purpose of this study was to 1) segment female adolescent consumers into consumer groups displaying different consumer decision-making styles 2) to determine the consumer characteristics(clothing involvement information search store patronage and demographic variables) that related to each consumer segment and 3) to identify the interrelationship between the consumer characteristics. Decision-making styles were measured by 32 seven-point Likert type scales adapted from Sproles & Kendall and Shim & Kot A total of 78 statements dealing with three aspects of consumer characteristics was adapted from previous research. Data were collected from 567 2nd grade female middle and high school students in Seoul via self-administered questionnaires. and were analysed by frequency factor analysis ANOVA cluster analysis χ2 -test and Duncan's multiple range test. The results of this study were as follows: As a results of cluster analysis and ANOVA on seven factors of desion-making styles(1. brand-consiousness 2. novelty/fashion-consciousness 3. recreational/hedonis-tic orientation, 4. impulsive/carelessness, 5. price-consciousness/value-for-money, 6. perfectionism/high quality orientation 7. habitual/brand-royal consciousness) three consumer groups were identified and labeled as puality-oriented/non-utlitarian shoppers price-oriented shoppers and apathetic shoppers. Quality-oriented/non-utilitarian shoppers showed the highest clothing involvement scores of all aspects the highest consumer knowledge/experience most active ongoing information search and prepurchase information search. They preferred department store and franchise store for apparel shopping and considered service/reliability atmosphere variety of goods as important store attributes, Price-oriented shoppers showed prepurchase information search and planned purchase behavior actively. They preferred factory outlet store specialty stre and considered price very important as store attributes. Apathetic shoppers showed the lowest scores of all aspects of clothing involvement and most passive behavior in information search activities except showing the highest planned purchase. They preferred regional markets.

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Impact of Individual's Regulatory Focus on Value Perceptions of and Willingness to Invest towards Online Mass-Customized Fashion

  • Bhaduri, Gargi;Kim, Jihyun
    • Fashion, Industry and Education
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    • 제16권1호
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    • pp.1-18
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    • 2018
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of consumers' regulatory focus on their perceived values of the product as well as shopping process, and willingness to invest resources for online mass-customized products. Data were collected using an online survey from 251 young adult consumers, particularly those who have prior purchase experience of mass-customized products. Interpretation of results indicated that consumers' promotion regulatory focus impacted their perceived values of the product (social, emotional, monetary, and epistemic but not performance), perceived values of the shopping process (hedonic and utilitarian), and willingness to invest more money, time and effort. However, as anticipated, prevention regulatory focus had no significant influence on the dependent variables. Researchers provide crucial implications for brands of online mass-customized products to segment their market based on regulatory orientation, as well as better cater to customer demands by positioning their products as offering benefits that specifically caters to the needs of such consumers.