• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.219-223
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• 2012

The present study was performed to identify the relationship between plasminogen activator (PA) and Heat Shock Protein-90 (HSP-90) in porcine uterus tissues during the estrous cycle. Porcine uterus tissues were obtained from preovulatory (Pre-Ov), post-ovulatory (Post-Ov) and early to mid-luteal (Early-mid L) stages. The protein was extracted from uterus tissue by using M-PER Mammalian Protein Extraction Reagent. Proteins were refined by RIPA Buffer and quantified by BCA methods. As results, t-PA expression was significantly (p<0.05) higher from pre-ovulatory(Epithelium tissue: $29,067{\mu}g/{\mu}l$, Myometrium tissue: $30,797{\mu}g/{\mu}l$) compared to the post-ovulatory stage(Epithelium tissue: $54,357{\mu}g/{\mu}l$, Myometrium tissue: $53,270{\mu}g/{\mu}l$) and early to mid-luteal stage(Epithelium tissue: $42,380{\mu}g/{\mu}l$, Myometrium tissue: $43,139{\mu}g/{\mu}l$). On the other hand, the uPA expression indicated higher from early to mid-luteal stage (Epithelium tissue: $0.02198{\mu}g/{\mu}l$, Myometrium tissue: $0.02412{\mu}g/{\mu}l$) than pre-ovulatory stage (Epithelium tissue: $0.01577{\mu}g/{\mu}l$, Myometrium tissue: $0.01531{\mu}g/{\mu}l$) and post-ovulatory stage(Epithelium tissue: $0.01414{\mu}g/{\mu}l$, Myometrium tissue: $0.01429{\mu}g/{\mu}l$). However, expression of u-PA did not differ from each estrous cycle in the epithelium tissue and myometrium tissue(p<0.05). Expression of HSP-90 was differ t-PA and u-PA from pre-ovulatory in Epithelium tissue($25,423{\mu}g/{\mu}l$) and early to mid-luteal stage in epithelium tissue($177,922{\mu}g/{\mu}l$) and myometrium tissue($26,664{\mu}g/{\mu}l$). These results suggest that HSP-90 and u-PA were related with change of uterus cycle according to the reformation of the tissues in porcine uterus.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.463-468
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• 2011

This study investigated the changes of plasminogen activators (PAs) activity, expression and localization of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) during the estrous cycle in pigs. Estrous cycle was sorted into three group by pre-ovulation (Pre-Ov), post-ovulation (Post-Ov) and early to mid-luteal stages (Early to mid-L). Analysis for immunohistochemistry was confirmed by location of tPA and uPA. Porcine uterus tissue was cut into $1{\times}1$ cm squares, and were incubated in DMEM/F-12 medium for 1 h at $38^{\circ}C$, 5% $CO_2$ for measurement of PA activity. Western blotting was implemented for measurement of PA quantity. In results, the blood vessels and secretory glands were increased in Post-Ov stage than Pre-Ov and Early to mid-L stages. The tPA and uPA was located mainly within lumen of blood vessels and secretory glands. The PA activity in Post-Ov ($0.99{\pm}0.03$) stage were significantly (p<0.01) higher than Pre-Ov stage ($0.51{\pm}0.03$) and Early to mid-L stage ($0.21{\pm}0.04$). Expression of PAs were significantly (p<0.05) higher in Early to mid-L stage than other stages. These results indicate that PAs activity and expression may change in uterus tissue during the estrous cycle in pigs.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.136-141
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• 2019

Pelvic actinomycosis is an uncommon infectious disease. It induces a chronic, suppurative illness characterized by an infiltrative and granulomatous response and, thus, the clinical and radiologic findings may mimic other inflammatory and neoplastic conditions. A 56-year-old female with a long-standing intrauterine device was diagnosed with pelvic actinomycosis manifesting as a large uterine mass with locally infiltrative spread into surrounding tissue that mimicked uterine malignancy. Actinomyces israelii infection was confirmed with a surgical specimen, and the patient was treated with antibiotic medication. Pelvic actinomycosis must be included in the differential diagnoses of patients with an infiltrative pelvic mass extending across tissue planes or in patients with findings of multiple microabscesses, particularly in a patient with an intrauterine device, even the lesion primarily involves the uterus.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.35-41
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• 2008

This study was undertaken to investigate the distribution of major histocompatibility complex class II positive (MHC II+) (HLA-DP-like) cells in the cow uterus (cervix, corpus and cornu uteri) and to compare these cells between the estrus and diestrus phases of the estrous cycle. Twenty-nine multiparous cows were used. Tissue samples from the middle of the cervix, the corpus and the right cornu were taken immediately after slaughter at the estrus or diestrus phase. Streptavidin-biotin peroxidase complex staining was used to detect MHC II+ cells. The number of MHC II+ cells per unit area of tissue was counted using image analysis software under a light microscope. Numerous MHC II+ cells were found in the endometrium (cervix, corpus and cornu uteri) in both estrus and diestrus. MHC II+ cells were found in the surface epithelium of the cervix uteri in diestrus, but in the corpus uteri in both estrus and diestrus and in the cornu uteri in estrus. MHC II+ cells were also found freely in the lumen of the glands and between the gland epithelia of the corpus and cornu uteri in both estrus and diestrus. There were also MHC II+ cells in the connective tissue of the myometrium and perimetrium (outside the endometrium) and around the blood vessels. Endothelial cells were frequently positive for MHC II staining. More MHC II+ cells were found in the endometrium than outside the endometrium in both estrus and diestrus (p<0.001). However, there was no difference in the numbers of positive cells between estrus and diestrus either in the endometrium or outside it. These results are the first evidence for HLA-DP-like MHC II+ cells in the bovine uterus. They indicate that antigen presentation by HLA-DP-like MHC II+ cells of the uterus is not influenced by hormonal status.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.407-410
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• 1991

A 35-year-old housewife living in Seoul complained of a recurrent palpable abdominal mass. Excisional biopsy was done. The cystic mass showed an immature worm of Paragonimus sp. in the cyst cavity. It measured $7{\times }4{\;}mm$ and showed well-developed oral and ventral sucker, uterus, 5-branched ovary and intestine after acetocarmine staining. But the testes and vitelline duct were not developed fully and there was no egg in the uterus. The patient has eaten raw fish. The case of ectopic paragonimiasis in the abdominal subcutaneous tissue was presented.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.459-467
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• 2002

The sex steroid hormone progesterone is essential for normal development and maturation of the endometrium in preparation for the embryo implantation and the maintenance of pregnancy. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system that is composed of IGF-I, IGF-II, IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) is also involved in the maintenance of pregnancy. In addition, liver, kidney, and uterus is a target tissue for IGF system. However, the effect of exogenous progesterone on IGF system was not elucidated in female rats. Therefore, we investigated the effect of progesterone on insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and IGF-binding proteins in serum, liver, kidney, and uterus in female ovariectomized rats. IGFs concentration was measured by radioimmuoassay (RIA) and IGFBPs levels by western ligand blotting(WLB). IGF-I concentration was increased in serum, liver, and uterus, but not in kidney of progesterone-treated ovariectomized rats, compared to control (P<0.05). IGF-II concentration was decreased in liver, but not in serum, kidney, and uterus of progesterone-treated rats, compared to control (P<0.05). IGFBP-3 was increased in serum, but not in liver of progesterone-treated rats, compared to control. IGFBP-2 was decreased in kidney, but not in others tissues of progesterone-treated rats, compared to control. These results suggest that progesterone may exert diverse physiological functions via the tissue-specific regulation of IGFs/IGFBPs system in female rats.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.61-66
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• 1998

In vitro contractile response of the uterus in the pregnant rat to oxytocin increases with advancing gestation. This increase coincides with an increase in uterine oxytocin receptor number. However, in vitro the change in uterine contractile response of the pregnant uterus to oxytocin with advancing gestation is not clear. The purpose of the present study was to find out that the uterine response in vitro to oxytocin changes as delivery a, pp.oaches. Secondly, to determine if the incubation of uterine tissue in vitro altered the uterine oxytocin receptor number and affinity and thus explain the ambiguity between the in vitro and in vitro results. The studies were performed on rats at days 15, 20 and 21 or pregnancy. In vitro the uterine contractile response to oxytocin was sgreater (P<0.05) at day 21 compared to days 15 and 20 (Emax : 724.8　88.9, 130.0　81.5 and 133.4　53.4, respectively). This correlated with a significant increase (P<0.05) in uterine oxytocin receptor number at day 21 (days 21, 15 and 20 : 540　89, 53　24, 89　35 fmoles/mg protein, respectively). However, the kids at days 15, 20 and 21 did not differ (P>0.05). Finally no difference (P>0.05) in oxytocin receptor number or affinity was detected between incubated and non-incubated tissue. The results of these studies suggest that either pre-oxytocin or post-oxytocin receptor factors are important in determining the uterine myometrial responsiveness to oxytocin.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.155-161
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• 1995

The present investigation has been undertaken to elucidate the differentiation mechanism the uterus which is the environment of the embryo development, by demonstrating the role of ovarian steroids hormone in the decidualization of the pseudopregnant rat uterus. To determine the effect of ovarine steroids and artificial stimulation (trauma) on the differenciation of the uterine endometrium and decidualization for implantation, attempt was made to measure concentrations of serum estradiol($E_2$), progesterone($P_4$) and nuclear $P_4$ receptor in the traumatized and non-traumatized uterine tissue of the pseudopregnant rat. The results obtained are as followings : The concentration of serum $E_2$ on day 9(implantation stage) was similar in both of intact pseudopregnant rat(47.63pg/ml) and normal pregnant rat(40.71pg/ml). And among the treated groups, $E_2$ concentration was highest in the $E_2$ treated group in comparision with intact control group(relative value; 73.27%). The concentration of serum $P_4$ was also highest in the $P_4$ treated group(23.12pg/ml). Relative value of $P_4$ treated group in comparision with intact group(24.88pg/ml) was 92.93%. The nuclear $P_4$ receptor levels in the artificial traumatized groups were higher compared with the non-traumatized control groups. This study, therefore, clearly demonstrates that the methods for inducing pseudopregnant (vagina tapping;120/min) and inducing decidualization(oil injection; 0.1ml/uterine horn) appear to be effective, $P_4$ appears to be effective in the differenciation of the uterine endometrial tissue for the implantation process. Concentration of serum $P_4$ seems to be well correlated with the level of the nuclear $P_4$ receptor during the early embryo development. These results seem to be well correlated with ALPase activities in the normal and pseudopregnant rat uterus shown in the previous study.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.157-161
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• 1999

Recent studies clearly demonstrated that the novel expression of LH gene in the rat testis, and suggested the local action of the LH-like molecule. The present study was performed to analyze the expression of LH genes in the rat accessory reproductive organs. Expression of LH subunit genes in the rat uterus and epididymis was demonstrated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and specific LH radioimmunoassay (RIA). The $LH_{beta}$ transcripts in these organs contained the published cDNA structure, the pituitary type exons 1-3, which encoded the entire $LH_{beta}$ polypeptide. Presence of the transcripts for the ${\alpha}$-subunit in the rat reproductive tissues were also confirmed by RT-PCR. In the LH RIA, significant levels of LH were detected in crude extracts from the rat ovary, uterus and epididymis. The competition curves with increasing amount of tissue extracts were parallel with those of standard peptide, indicating that the immunoreactive LH-like materials in these tissues are similar to authentic pituitary LH molecule. In rat epididymis, the highest amount of immunoreactive LH was detected in corpus area. Our findings demonstrated that the genes for LH subunits are expressed in the rat accessory reproductive organs, and suggested that these extrapituitary LH may act as a local regulator with auto and/or paracrine manner.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.103-107
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• 1983

This experiment was undertaken to see whether dopamine has any effect on a uterine function and whether the uterus has a dopamine receptor. We used 14 female rats in the diestrus state which was identified by a vaginal smear. Under ether anesthesia, 3 pieces(1 cm length) from each side of the uterus were dissected out and mounted in 3 tissue chambers (4 cm diameter, 10 cm height) that contained Krebs-Ringer solution. The solution was continuously aerated with 95% $O_2$ containing 5% $CO_2$ and kept $37^{\circ}C$ consistantly during the whole experimental period. The spontaneous contractile activity of the isolated uterus was recorded using a force transducer. After a recovery period of 15 min in the chamber, the following experiments were carried out. In 7 rats, each piece of the uterus was received dopamine at concentrations of $10^{-4}$, $10^{-5}$ or $10^{-6}\;M$ for 10 min and then followed by domperidone at a concentration of $10^{-5}\;M$. In another 7 rats, each piece was received domperidone, a specific peripheral dopamine receptor antagonist, was administered at a concentration of $10^{-5}\;M$ for 5 min prior to dopamine at concentrations of $10^{-4}$, $10^{-5}$, or $10^{-6}\;M$. Dopamine inhibited the spontaneous uterine contraction dose-dependently (r=0.99, p<.01). The inhibited contractility by dopomine was significantly (P<.05) resumed by post-treatment of domperidone. Pre-treatment of domperidone also blocked significantly(p<.05) the inhibitory effect of dopamine. It is concluded from these results that dopamine has inhibitory role upon the spontaneous uterine contraction of the rat in the diestrus state and domperidone antagonized the inhibitory effect of dopamine. These results suggest strongly that dopamine may exert the inhibitory effect via the dopamine receptor in the rat uterus.