• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.92-100
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• 2012

This study was to examine the pattern of visual interpretation in the process of eye-tracking. I categorized the subjects' observation inclination for analysis so that I could find out which element the user observing the space concentrated and explored. First, for 2 minutes of observation, there occurred 171 times of eye-fixations and 9.8 times of observation frequency on average, which showed that the subject, through this observing fixation, spent 44.5% of the entire time performing the visual activity in order to acquire the "visual understanding" of the lobby-space. Second, I found out that there was a consistent observation type as the time passed. I could categorize the subjects observing the space into 6 concentrating types and 3 discontinuing ones of observation types, which category can be utilized as data for analyzing the subjects' characteristics at space-observation. Third, the type, which was so intensive as to get the visual understanding on the space, was mostly of the case that (1) the subject had a kind of high degree of observation type, exploring the space, again having high degree of the observation type [Type A], (2) the subject repeated the concentration from the early part to the latter [Type C], which can be considered to be the observation type generally shared. Fourth, in the case of observing the space, 45.8% of the subjects showed a high rate of concentration at the time of starting the observation and in less than two minutes. The subjects of type A can be considered to understand the space visually by distinctively repeating the concentration and exploration.

• Proceedings of the KSLP Conference
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.218-219
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• 1998

The term "Professional voice user" refers to not only a singer or actor. but also anyone who uses the voice as a primary means of occupational communication Examination begins with observation of a patient and careful listening of the patient's voice during history taking. Examination of the vocal fold includes observation of the vocal fold, its mobility and vibration. (omitted)

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.1342-1350
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• 2009

Until today, the uses of digital display system mostly included demonstration, observation, and exhibition of simple images. The strengths were that the images that changes in line with the music played could be reinterpreted as a different work. Also, it could stimulate the sensibility of the users. However, the range of the uses of the system is very limited and users could easily lose their interest. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a system that could continuously induce and motivate user interaction. Therefore, the RSS based digital folding screen system proposed by this paper has an objective of being used as an interactive media system which overcome the limitations of former eight-sided folding screen used for simple observation purposes. It also applied the main function of RSS in which the user could collect and read newly registered messages without visiting the blogs or corresponding websites. Therefore, it is capable of sending the information needed by the user. Generally, we can observe the contents for mere observation purposes and when necessary, it could also be utilized for advertisement or exhibition purposes. It could also be used as a information transfer system in public facilities.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.1 s.63
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• pp.15-26
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• 2006

As the interest and use of computer have been increased among elderly users according to the entry to the aging society, the issue of universal design for computer usability was brought forward. Especially, it is widely recognized that universal UI(User Interlace) design on MS windows is important. The objective of this study is to conceptualize Universal GUI design on MS windows which can be used more easily and intuitively by novice users such as elderly and housewives. Especially, the solution for Universal GUI design on MS windows was developed by reflecting elderly users' needs because elderly users is the group with more difficulties than other user groups in learning and using MS windows. First, elderly user's needs was collected by participant observation as a teaching assistant in computer dass for elderly people for 4 weeks. Secondly, the experimental test and in-depth interview was implemented to find difficulties factors and needs in addition to participant observation. Based on the findings, the new GUI design solution was suggested. The design solution consists of ideas in several categories such as setting default, simplification of function for easy conceptual model making, customization of function and working environment, and intuitive GUI in interaction process. The new MS windows GUI design can be accessed by novice mode when user login in window XP. This study has the significance in finding elderly users detailed needs through in-depth and long term participant observation. However, the usability of the suggested prototype needs to be verified to various user groups besides elderly users in the future.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.21
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• pp.1-55
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• 1994

The present survey aimed at analyzing factors influencing the development of the university library collection, with the special reference to the case of the Education Collection of the Pusan National University Library. For this, the present researchers have identified two areas of influencing factors, i.e.., library factors and user factors. Library factors included collection development policy, manpower, materials received as gift and budget. User factors included faculty and students. For analyzing the factors, the present researchers have relied on qualitative research techniques, using heavily documents produced within the case library, interviews librarians, faculty and students, and observation.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.494-507
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• 2021

As service design becomes more common, various user research methods and tools such as cultural probes and contextual inquiry are being used to grasp the user's experience and needs. These methodologies have the advantage of being able to derive various insights through direct observation and investigation, but have disadvantages in that problems such as time and space constraints, cost occurrence, and delay in the service development process may occur. In addition, it is difficult to conduct actual observations, face-to-face investigations, and interviews due to COVID-19, which has recently spread rapidly around the world. Accordingly, prior to the digitization of cultural probes, I would like to suggest the direction of digital tools. First, after grasping the concept of service design and user research through literature research, the necessity of user research in service design was confirmed. After that, the necessity of digitalizing user research was confirmed by extracting functional elements that could be understood and digitalized about the cultural probes methodology, and analyzing previous studies using existing mobile-based survey techniques. Finally, we confirmed the direction of digital tools through user interviews through cultural probes.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.93-100
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• 2010

In this study, user survey and some experiments were carried out to identify older adults' characteristics and needs for shower chair design. Firstly, the category and design components of shower chair were analyzed through product analysis. Secondly, older adults' needs for shower chair were identified through user interview and observation. Thirdly, experiment to measure older adults' motion, EMG, and body pressure while using shower chair was carried out and then older adults' characteristics for the use of shower chair were identified. Finally, the direction of design for shower chair was proposed to improve older adults' satisfaction.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.949-955
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• 1997

Detection of the existence of a desired user is considered in this paper. We assume that the signal to noise ratio is high enough for us to ignore the effects of noise compared with those of the interference by other users. The inter-user interference and user signals are modeled by the Nakagami model. An observation model for this situation is proposed, the locally optimum test statistic is derived under the model, and the asymptotic performance of the locally optimum detector is compared with of the envelope detector. We show that the locally optimum detector performs better than the conventional envelope detector.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.37-42
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• 2001

We developed an observation program for a 2K CCD camera, which was newly attached at the SOAO (Sobaeksan Optical Astronomy Observatory) 61cm telescope. The program was designed to control the telescope as well as the CCD camera and to monitor the CCD image quality, with very easy under the window-based graphical user interface (GUI). Furthermore, applying the automated differential photometric algorithm, we can obtain the instrumental magnitudes of several variable and comparison stars in real-time. Simultaneous photometry enables us to get precise differential magnitudes of variable stars even if the weather condition is not photometric. This new observation system has been using for many astronomical observations from September, 2001.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.111-122
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• 2014

This study has analyzed the scanning path algorithm shown at the process of exploring spatial information through an observation experiment with the object of lobby in subway station. In the estimation of observation time by section, the frequency of scanning type was found to increase as the observation time got longer, which makes it possible that the longer the observation lasts the more the observation interruptions occur. In addition, the observation slipped out of the range of imaging when any fatigue was caused from the observation or the more active exploration took place. Furthermore, when the trend line was employed for the examination of the changes to the scanning type by time section, "concentration" "diagonal or vertical" showed a sharp and a gentle increases along with the increase of time section respectively, while "circulation. combination, horizontal" showed a reduction. The observation data of the subjects observing a space include various visual information. The analysis of the scanning type found at "attention concentration" enabled to draw this significant conclusion. The features of increase and decrease of scanning types can be a fundamental data for understanding the scanning tendency by time.