• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to examine the policy direction and execution plans of the Japanese central and local governments for the use of vacant houses after the enactment of the "Special Act on Vacant Houses." It also seeks to provide suggestions for establishing vacant house policies in Korea by identifying the characteristics of the Japanese policies, and to suggest policy alternatives that can contribute to environmental improvement and regional revitalization through the use of vacant houses. For this purpose, we examined Japan's "Special Act on Vacant Houses," the process of establishing vacant house policies in the Japanese central and local governments, and the contents and direction of these policies. Below are the results of this study. First, the Japanese government revised mid to long-term policies related to housing after the enactment of the "Special Act on Vacant Houses", thereby providing ground for local governments to establish vacant house policies. Second, the government actively supported the operation and funding of related associations so that the private sector rather than the public sector could address vacant house problems. Third, the government subsidized administrative expenses such as cost of finding vacant house owners to prevent neglect of vacant houses, and showed its will to address vacant house problems by revising taxes such as property taxes and transfer income taxes. Fourth, the government has enacted distinct ordinances for each local government and made it possible to perform customized policies such as allowing residents and local stakeholders to participate in the establishment of vacant house policies. Fifth, the government made it possible to manage vacant houses efficiently by allowing the vacant house bank to provide all information related to the use of vacant houses. It is necessary for Korea's central and local governments to refer to these precedent cases and create efforts to reduce trial and error when establishing vacant house policies.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.25-33
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• 2017

This study aims to find out the change trend of the existing vacant houses in the small and medium sized farming city. And the using method of those houses is proposed in this paper. Especially to find out the change trend ratio of vacant houses in the case, the historic conservation area - Keumma village is selected as the research target area. To carry out this study, it was surveyed in 2013 when they were not designated as the special area first. And it is reviewed in 2017 when it is designated. The contents of the survey were their use, old age, structure, materials, color, roof of the main building and wall. they were surveyed by direct and interview survey. And thew were analyzed and synthesized. It is concluded that the 142 vacant houses in 2013 were declined 46houses in 2017. It is caused by the government support. And they will be declined continuously. The architectural statues of vacant houses between in 2013 and in 2017 are almost same in it's use, old age, structure, materials, color, roof of the main building and wall. In the use ratio of the vacant houses that of residence is most high, and that of warehouses, commerce are followed in turn. The reason of that statues is moving out is the first and the death of house holder, the difficulty of managing are followed. As the their re-use plan of owners, the selling is the first, constructing new buildings and the renovation them are followed. As the method of their use, re-use, community facilities, managing in the vacant houses bank are proposed. As the vacant houses are the reason of bad elements in the rural landscape in the farm village, the method of its improvement will be carried out.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.17-24
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• 2015

Vacant houses are increasing across the country, but the appropriate measures have not been set up yet. Accordingly, vacant houses are left unattended for a long time, and become deserted to degrade the residential environment. They are often used as the space for the deviation of youth or even for crimes, threatening the safety of rural society. Vacant houses are not only personal properties but also public assets that form the residential environment of a town. Therefore, the problem should be better taken care of with appropriate policies. In this study, the present situation of vacant houses in Korea, the causes of the vacant house and the limits and lessons of the improvement projects were reviewed, along with the vacant house improvement systems in the UK and Japan. The most significant difference between the cases in Korea and other countries are the method of vacant house improvement. In terms of policies and support, Korea focuses on demolition, whereas other countries focus on reuse. In addition, the vacant house improvement projects in Korea are performed mostly by government agencies, whereas local governments and private organizations in other countries cooperate to improve vacant houses and go beyond mere residential environment improvement towards the local revitalization. Based on the study results, the following are proposed to efficiently improve and use the rural vacant houses. First, the Rearrangement of Agricultural and Fishing Villages Act, which allows the vacant houses to be left unattended and not improved, should be revised. Second, the intermediate support organizations that connect the demand and supply should be fostered and supported so that the use of vacant houses can be vitalized and privately led. Third, the best practices of using the vacant houses should be found and promoted, and the vacant house remodeling technique should be developed and propagated. Fourth, a special law should be enacted to comprehensively plan, support and execute the vacant house improvement, as in Japan. Finally, the value of the vacant houses as public properties should be shared in public so that all citizens can participate in addressing the vacant house issue to derive the detailed plans to solve the problem.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2022

In rural areas, changes in the agricultural structure began to appear as the vulnerable class increased due to a decrease in population such as a decrease in fertility and aging, and the elderly were unable to engage in agriculture. The number of farmers and farmers is steadily decreasing, and the elderly population living in rural areas is steadily increasing. Rural houses are left empty due to the moving, hospitalization, and death of the elderly population. The purpose of this study aims to present the current status of vacant houses in rural areas, problems of vacant houses policy in rural areas, and improvement plans. The purpose of this study aims to analyze the population status and aging of rural areas, and to present a plan to improve the trend of vacant houses with cities and the problems of vacant house policies. This study was conducted in the following process. First, the definition of vacant houses in rural areas should be redefined. Second, it is necessary to analyze the causes of vacant houses in rural areas and plan the use of vacant houses linked to them.Third, the management system of vacant houses in rural areas should be clear.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.13 no.1 s.34
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• pp.19-31
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• 2007

The number of abandoned houses and vacant lots in rural villages is increasing continuously. They are a bad influence of the rural landscape and land use. They should be rehabilitated for efficient use of land and rural resources. The Space Syntax which is one of the tools of spatial structure analysis has been applied usefully at home and abroad in order to analyze quantitatively the spacial structure and to be clear logically the physical structure. The Space Syntax method was used in order to systematically analyze the spatial configurations and the location of abandoned houses and vacant lots on 22 rural villages. On the basis of integration and depth value this study classified low types which was provided for the characteristics of spatial structure and the location of abandoned houses and vacant lots of rural villages, and suggested practical applications for each type.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.278-283
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• 2008

This paper aims to clarify physical characteristic of empty house and vacant floor in historic district on Cheongju. First, most empty houses are the timbered houses of 1 story, and it will be built before the 1969. And the building of a vacant floor has a common non-residential buildings of 4 stories, and there are many buildings of RC structure built in the 1980s. Second, when the situation of an empty house and a vacant floor was seen, there was most the second floor only by the number of room, but when seen from the ratio of the whole number of rooms, there were most the third floor and the fourth floor. Third, when the situation of a vacant floor and a vacant room was seen from use, there were most store, shop and office. Relevance with this as close as reduction of the population in the center of Cheongju is seen. Moreover, the grope of a method which can utilize this is required.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.33-47
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• 2020

With population losses and stagnant or depressed economies, the local governments embrace shrinkage and accept having a significantly smaller population. Both the initial and ongoing causes of shrinkage hold dramatic effects on the city and its remaining residents. In this context, vacant land increases as an overabundance of unused infrastructure is demolished and municipalities become burdened with increasing maintenance costs of this land. The result is that vacant land often experiences minimal management relative to social norms and have chance to provide a setting for ecological processes with urban rightsizing strategy. Therefore, urban ecosystems undergo major shifts in structure and function. We need to better understand the possibilities of where and how much of houses and land will be abandoned to assist land planners and policymakers to mitigate conflict between optimal ecological and sociological outcomes. This article, therefore, aims to identify distributional characteristics of vacant houses and lands with case study of Mokpo. The study found and verified affecting factors of vacant houses and lands by type through the use of a Maxent model and spatial data that explained housing choice and preference theory. We can predict the vacancies with the spatial variables such as land price, the population ratio over 65, and the distance from security facility. Based on the analysis, the ways of managing housing and land vacancy for sustainable development and ecological restoration method are discussed.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.221-227
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• 2003

The characteristics of Japanese housing stock is as follows. 1. It is predicted that population from 2010 and general household from 2015 will decrease. The aging speed in Japan is faster than several advanced nations. 2. Housing shortage has resolved from 1973. In 1998, dwelling number per household is 1.13 houses and vacant dwelling rate is 11.5 percents. 3. Dwelling level of rented dwelling is lower than owner occupied houses; for instance, floor area of the former is one third of the latter. As for a household of thirties, family type household lived in rented houses reached 60 percents, it reveals that the demand exceeds the supply. 4. Houses constructed before the new earthquake resistant standard enforced from 1981 year is the half of the whole, housing improvement is needed in the future. Future housing market is changed to practical use of housing stock. Consequently, expansion of multi-habitation used a vacant housing of city dwellers, activation of the used houses distribution, growth of dwelling reform market, and activation of the rented houses are expected.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.57-65
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• 2016

When the castle of the city was destructed from 1911 through 1915 in Cheongju, the city's spatial structure was reorganized and "Han-ok Housing", a dwelling site filled with Korean traditional houses, was newly formed around the former castle site. These days, the Han-ok housing in Seoun-dong, Cheongju in which elderly couples and senior citizens live is enclosed by modernized roads and three or four-story buildings, leaving the housing as an isolated island in the city block. Nonetheless, the Han-ok housing not only plays an important role in sustaining the historic and local identity of the city, but also offers environmental benefits in terms of daylighting and ventilation. The purpose of this study is to reorganize the housing suitable for those who currently live and recreate it by adding new functionality. Consequently, three strategies are established; the conservation of existing building through the improvement of existing facilities; the conversion of vacant buildings into a new use; and the creation of the urban mid-rise Han-ok housing at street sides. The first strategy has a significance in that the traditional building's single wing plan, small room sizes and lack of storages now cause great inconvenience for current life style. The second strategy also promotes the practical use of abandoned buildings through alterations and additions. Finally, the creation of the urban mid-rise Han-ok housing that is accomplished by the combination of reinforced concrete and wooden structure interacts with or respond to the city's development. As a result, this study for the adaptive reuse of Han-ok housing proves how the traditional properties can be maintained in a careful manner and how its creative reuse can be achieved.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.7-17
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to affect health improvement of adolescent, to understand behavioral causes follow adolescent's drug abuse, to understand recovery and rehabilitaton process of adolescent drug abuser. The data are collected through open questionnaire and interview of 25 adolescents from the experienced drug abuse 16 students(male 8, female 8) in two vocational high schools and admissing adolescents 9 person in Alcohol-Drug Addiction Care Centre in Seoul from June 28th to August 31st, 1994. The collected data are arranged and explained through categorizing method stated contents about motives, causes, experiences and effected behaviors for using the drugs of drug abuser adolescents. DRUG USING MOTIVATION They are almost first son and daughter in their family. In their conversation person, male converses to their mother well, but female does not converse to their parents include family. Both groups respond positively to companionship and attitude to other, but negatively to self-confidence and actualizing attitude. They hope always peace of family and want to do their best for their life. In school group, hard and difficult things are school life and family problems, also using the drugs for resolving the them. About drug using behaviors, male responds to bad habbit and shamfull, but female is unconcerned with drug using attitude. The first background of drug using, male gets to use because of curiosity and to be induced from friends or seniors, but female gets to use for feminine beauty(thin body) and escape from reality. Used the drugs, male uses frequently Bond, Butane-Gas among inhalation materials and also marijuana, but female uses various diuretics. The times of drug using, both groups repond to use during the chaging of emotion or filling with stress. The place of drug using, both groups take drugs in vacant houses or in the mountain. The frequency of drug using, they use almost once in a day and they use mostly alone or drug user in friends. Experienced mental changing after drug using, which is fantasy, ecstasy, anxiety and suicidal feeling, and experienced physical changing after drug using, which is elevating sense, headach, abdominal pain, dyspnea and chaging of skin colour and reddish. They coincide with inconvenience feeling due to drug using. RECOVERY AND REHABILITATION PROCESS OF DRUG USING ADOLESCENTS The reason for reforming drug using behavior and attitude, both groups respond to reforming for oneself and social life. The difficult things during the stop to using drugs, all of them responed to family problems, friends problems and temptation and impulse. As for stop to using drug, they need good advise, understandable attitude and family love. But they do not need to be stigmatized, scolding, over protect and ridicule of friends. Also they entreat continuous understanding, advise, concern and the method for resolving stress. For the friends to want to use the drug, they will talk about the stories of their personal experiences and for the friends to stop to using the drug, they will consider for them how to stop. From the theses results, drug users understand personal problems due to drug using, and consider about why to stop and how to stop. Also drug users need to resolve the family problems, personal problems, stress and temptations or impulses. Accordingly this paper suggests that drug users in adolescents need understandable and acceptable atitudes, loving and tenderness, continuous advice and concern, and hopes for life.