• Title/Summary/Keyword: Use's Individual Factors

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The study about variables influencing emotional, normative, and functional marriage intentions of unmarried men and women (미혼남녀의 정서적·당위적·기능적 결혼의향에 영향을 미치는 변인 연구)

  • Park, Hye-Min;Jeon, Gwee-Yeon
    • Journal of Family Relations
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.53-80
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    • 2018
  • Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate individual awareness variables influencing emotional, normative, and functional marriage intentions of unmarried men and women. Independent variables were values of offspring, perceptions to unmarried life, attitudes toward multiple role planning, perceptions and availabilities of marriage-related policies, views on the marriageable age, psychological burdens of pressure to marriage by significant people, and views on parents' support for marriage fund. Method: 553 unmarried men and women in Daegu, Korea were surveyed, and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, factor analysis, multivariate analysis of variance(MANOVA), multiple regression analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis with SPSS 22.0. Results: First, this study was more exploratory and in-depth approach to marriage intentions than precedent studies. The sub factors of marriage intentions were emotional, normative, and functional marriage ones. Second, emotional marriage intention showed significant differences depending on gender, dating, views on the marriageable age, and degree of acceptance of parents' support for marriage fund. Among the individual awareness variables, values of offspring, perceptions to unmarried life, attitudes toward multiple role planning, and psychological burdens of pressure to marriage personally or by friends influenced emotional marriage intention. Third, normative marriage intention showed significant differences depending on gender, religion, occupational status, employment condition, dating, views on the marriageable age, and degree of acceptance of parents' support for marriage fund. Among the individual awareness variables, values of offspring, perception to unmarried life, attitudes toward multiple role planning, view on the marriageable age, availabilities of marriage-related information offering policies, and psychological burdens of pressure to marriage by mother influenced normative marriage intention. Fourth, functional marriage intention showed significant differences depending on gender, job, parents' support for marriage fund, views on the marriageable age, and degree of acceptance of parents' support for marriage fund. Among the individual awareness variables, functional marriage intention was influenced by values of offspring, perception about unmarried life, attitudes toward multiple role planning, and degree of acceptance of parents' support for marriage fund. Finally, the hierarchical regression analysis showed that individual awareness variables influenced on marriage intentions. Especially, values of offspring, perceptions to unmarried, and attitudes toward multiple role planning influenced on emotional, normative, and functional marriage intentions in common. Conclusions: The findings from these analyses suggest that the selective process based on the individual awareness has become very significant to having marriage intentions. Therefore, this study will contribute as the basic data on national marriage-related policies. Furthermore, this study will be able to use to think about the marriage intention as a task to be preceded by the national policy in order to prepare for Korea 's low fertility and aging phenomenon.

The Effect of Metaverse Presence on Intention to Continuous Use Through User Motivation: Moderating Effect of Normative Interpersonal Influence (메타버스 실재감이 사용자의 이용 동기를 통해 지속적 이용의도에 미치는 영향: 규범적 대인 민감성의 조절 효과)

  • Hwang, Inho;Kim, Jin soo;Lee, IL Han
    • Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.119-133
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    • 2022
  • The COVID-19 pandemic is rapidly changing the behavior of members of society. Typically, the strong contagious power of the virus minimizes interaction between people in the real world, and they keep interaction activities to a minimum through online activities. Recently, as people demand online activities that enhance a sense of reality, the metaverse, which strengthens the 3D technology-centered sense of presence capability, is being chosen by people. The purpose of this study is to suggest a strategic direction for the establishment of the metaverse business model of startups by presenting factors for users' use and gratification of the metaverse. In detail, this study proposes the motivation for using the metaverse by reflecting the uses and gratification theory, and suggests a method to strengthen the motivation for the metaverse by reflecting the presences provided by the metaverse plotform and individual characteristics (normtive interpersonal influence). We surveyed people over 20 years of age who experienced metaverse and obtained 314 samples. In addition, we conducted the main effect analysis using the structural equation model and the moderating effect analysis using Process 3.1. As a result of hypothesis testing, we confirmed that metaverse presence (telepresence, social presence) has a positive effect on intention to continuous use by increasing metaverse's use and satisfaction factors (information, enjoyment, social interactivity). In addition, we found that individuals' normative interpersonal influence moderated the positive relationship between uses and gratification factors(enjoyment and social interactivity) intention to continuous use. Our study suggests strategies for establishing a user-centered business model for companies related to the metaverse.

A Study on the Adoption of UHD for Users Perceived usefulness and ease of use of UHDTV (이용자의 UHDTV에 대한 인지된 유용성과 용이성이 UHD 채택에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Mi-Ra;Choi, Seong-Jin;Lee, Yeong-Ju
    • Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.48-56
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    • 2015
  • This study looks deep into how user's individual personality and his or her media experiences affect perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use about UHDTV based on Technology Acceptance Model using survey methodology. This study also focuses on how the purchase intention of terminal equipments and the willingness to pay for UHD contents will make different choices. The result of this study shows that, whether user is an exhibitionist or not or has frequently encountered a big screen, these factors affect both the perceived usefulness and the perceived ease of use about UHDTV. When user is an exhibitionist with more experience with big screens, it was clear that user tended to choose UHDTV with higher perception of usefulness and ease of use about UHDTV. This study also implies that when supplying the next generation broadcasting service, it is needed to consider the users' perceived usefulness and ease of use about UHD as well as the individuals' media experiences and characteristics.

A Study on Technology Acceptance Plans to Expand Direct Participation in the Sports Industry (스포츠 산업의 직접 참여 확대를 위한 기술수용 방안 연구)

  • Sangho Lee;Kwangmoon Cho
    • Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.105-115
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    • 2023
  • This study seeks to find a way to induce users to expand their direct participation in sports through the acceptance of digital technology. From July 1 to August 30, 2022, a survey was conducted targeting home training users who applied the Internet of Things (IoT). 129 people participated in the survey through non-face-to-face self-administration method. For data processing, frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, and 3-step mediation regression analysis were conducted using IBM's SPSS 21.0 program. The results of the study are as follows. First, in the relationship between the home training PPM model and direct participation in sports, ease appeared to have a mediating effect. In the factors of push, simple functionality showed a complete mediating effect, and inefficiency showed a partial mediating effect. Among pull factors, enjoyment and possibility of experience showed a complete mediating effect. In the mooring factors, individual innovativeness showed a complete mediating effect. Second, in the relationship between home training PPM model and direct participation in sports, usefulness showed a mediating effect. In the factors of push, simple functionality showed a complete mediating effect, and inefficiency showed a partial mediating effect. Among pull factors, enjoyment and possibility of experience showed a complete mediating effect. Among the mooring factors, individual innovativeness showed a partial mediating effect. Through this research, it is expected that the sports industry will contribute to the expansion of consumption expenditure and economic growth through the expansion of digital technologies such as NFT, Metaverse, and virtual/augmented reality.

An Empirical Study on Perceived Value and Continuous Intention to Use of Smart Phone, and the Moderating Effect of Personal Innovativeness (스마트폰의 지각된 가치와 지속적 사용의도, 그리고 개인 혁신성의 조절효과)

  • Han, Joonhyoung;Kang, Sungbae;Moon, Taesoo
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.53-84
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    • 2013
  • With rapid development of ICT (Information and Communications Technology), new services by the convergence of mobile network and application technology began to appear. Today, smart phone with new ICT convergence network capabilities is exceedingly popular and very useful as a new tool for the development of business opportunities. Previous studies based on Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) suggested critical factors, which should be considered for acquiring new customers and maintaining existing users in smart phone market. However, they had a limitation to focus on technology acceptance, not value based approach. Prior studies on customer's adoption of electronic utilities like smart phone product showed that the antecedents such as the perceived benefit and the perceived sacrifice could explain the causality between what is perceived and what is acquired over diverse contexts. So, this research conceptualizes perceived value as a trade-off between perceived benefit and perceived sacrifice, and we need to research the perceived value to grasp user's continuous intention to use of smart phone. The purpose of this study is to investigate the structured relationship between benefit (quality, usefulness, playfulness) and sacrifice (technicality, cost, security risk) of smart phone users, perceived value, and continuous intention to use. In addition, this study intends to analyze the differences between two subgroups of smart phone users by the degree of personal innovativeness. Personal innovativeness could help us to understand the moderating effect between how perceptions are formed and continuous intention to use smart phone. This study conducted survey through e-mail, direct mail, and interview with smart phone users. Empirical analysis based on 330 respondents was conducted in order to test the hypotheses. First, the result of hypotheses testing showed that perceived usefulness among three factors of perceived benefit has the highest positive impact on perceived value, and then followed by perceived playfulness and perceived quality. Second, the result of hypotheses testing showed that perceived cost among three factors of perceived sacrifice has significantly negative impact on perceived value, however, technicality and security risk have no significant impact on perceived value. Also, the result of hypotheses testing showed that perceived value has significant direct impact on continuous intention to use of smart phone. In this regard, marketing managers of smart phone company should pay more attention to improve task efficiency and performance of smart phone, including rate systems of smart phone. Additionally, to test the moderating effect of personal innovativeness, this research conducted multi-group analysis by the degree of personal innovativeness of smart phone users. In a group with high level of innovativeness, perceived usefulness has the highest positive influence on perceived value than other factors. Instead, the analysis for a group with low level of innovativeness showed that perceived playfulness was the highest positive factor to influence perceived value than others. This result of the group with high level of innovativeness explains that innovators and early adopters are able to cope with higher level of cost and risk, and they expect to develop more positive intentions toward higher performance through the use of an innovation. Also, hedonic behavior in the case of the group with low level of innovativeness aims to provide self-fulfilling value to the users, in contrast to utilitarian perspective, which aims to provide instrumental value to the users. However, with regard to perceived sacrifice, both groups in general showed negative impact on perceived value. Also, the group with high level of innovativeness had less overall negative impact on perceived value compared to the group with low level of innovativeness across all factors. In both group with high level of innovativeness and with low level of innovativeness, perceived cost has the highest negative influence on perceived value than other factors. Instead, the analysis for a group with high level of innovativeness showed that perceived technicality was the positive factor to influence perceived value than others. However, the analysis for a group with low level of innovativeness showed that perceived security risk was the second high negative factor to influence perceived value than others. Unlike previous studies, this study focuses on influencing factors on continuous intention to use of smart phone, rather than considering initial purchase and adoption of smart phone. First, perceived value, which was used to identify user's adoption behavior, has a mediating effect among perceived benefit, perceived sacrifice, and continuous intention to use smart phone. Second, perceived usefulness has the highest positive influence on perceived value, while perceived cost has significant negative influence on perceived value. Third, perceived value, like prior studies, has high level of positive influence on continuous intention to use smart phone. Fourth, in multi-group analysis by the degree of personal innovativeness of smart phone users, perceived usefulness, in a group with high level of innovativeness, has the highest positive influence on perceived value than other factors. Instead, perceived playfulness, in a group with low level of innovativeness, has the highest positive factor to influence perceived value than others. This result shows that early adopters intend to adopt smart phone as a tool to make their job useful, instead market followers intend to adopt smart phone as a tool to make their time enjoyable. In terms of marketing strategy for smart phone company, marketing managers should pay more attention to identify their customers' lifetime value by the phase of smart phone adoption, as well as to understand their behavior intention to accept the risk and uncertainty positively. The academic contribution of this study primarily is to employ the VAM (Value-based Adoption Model) as a conceptual foundation, compared to TAM (Technology Acceptance Model) used widely by previous studies. VAM is useful for understanding continuous intention to use smart phone in comparison with TAM as a new IT utility by individual adoption. Perceived value dominantly influences continuous intention to use smart phone. The results of this study justify our research model adoption on each antecedent of perceived value as a benefit and a sacrifice component. While TAM could be widely used in user acceptance of new technology, it has a limitation to explain the new IT adoption like smart phone, because of customer behavior intention to choose the value of the object. In terms of theoretical approach, this study provides theoretical contribution to the development, design, and marketing of smart phone. The practical contribution of this study is to suggest useful decision alternatives concerned to marketing strategy formulation for acquiring and retaining long-term customers related to smart phone business. Since potential customers are interested in both benefit and sacrifice when evaluating the value of smart phone, marketing managers in smart phone company has to put more effort into creating customer's value of low sacrifice and high benefit so that customers will continuously have higher adoption on smart phone. Especially, this study shows that innovators and early adopters with high level of innovativeness have higher adoption than market followers with low level of innovativeness, in terms of perceived usefulness and perceived cost. To formulate marketing strategy for smart phone diffusion, marketing managers have to pay more attention to identify not only their customers' benefit and sacrifice components but also their customers' lifetime value to adopt smart phone.

A Study on the Actual Wearing Condition of Foundation Garment for Adult Women - Focusing on the Brassiere and Girdle - (성인여성(成人女性)의 연령별(年齡別) 파운데이션 착용실태 연구(着用失態 硏究) - 브래지어와 거들을 중심(中心)으로 -)

  • Kim, Young-Sook
    • Journal of Fashion Business
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.132-147
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    • 2006
  • The purpose of this study is to provide for the basic data useful to the effective production and marketing of the foundation garment befitting adult women's shapes and preferences, and thereby, help them improve their apparel life. For this purpose, 563 Korean women aged between 20-59 were sampled to survey their recognition and actual wearing condition of foundation garments and positively identify the factors affecting the practices and thereupon, determine the correlations among them by age group. The raw data of this study is processed by SPSS Win(10.1) and analyzed by using frequency, percentage, $x^2$-test, ANOVA, Duncan-test. The most of adult women were aware of their foundation size and the absolute majority of them wore brassieres, while a half of them used the girdles. The adult women had 5.7 Brassieres and 2.2 Girdles. The use of the foundation depended much on user's age or seasons. They had begun to wear Brassieres at their age of 15 on an average and Girdle around their age of 19 depending their individual needs. It has been found through this study that adult women's is actual wearing condition of foundation garments differ by age group, which may well suggest that foundation production need to consideration this age-wise practices when setting up their foundation production and marketing strategies.

The Factors Affecting the Intention to Purchase Digital Items and Continuance Intention in Social Networking Communities: Focused on Relationship Maintenance Mechanism and Expectation-Confirmation Model (소셜 네트워킹 커뮤니티의 지속사용과 아이템 구매의도에 영향을 미치는 요인 : 관계지속 메커니즘과 기대일치모형을 중심으로)

  • Kang, Heetaek
    • Korean Management Science Review
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    • v.29 no.3
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    • pp.135-156
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    • 2012
  • Due to the rapid growth of social networking community (SNC), research into SNC user's behavior has recently emerged as an important issue in information systems. An individual makes a decision whether or not to continually use his or her own SNC and to purchase digital items to decorate it. Most previous research has focused on a user's continuance intention and has ignored the importance of purchase intention. This study develops and empirically tests an integrated model designed to predict a user's two types of behavioral intention:continuance intention and purchase intention based on the expectation-confirmation model (ECM) and a dual model of relationship maintenance mechanism.The results indicate that perceived usefulness, satisfaction, personalization, and switching cost have important influences on the formation of SNC continuance intention. The results also show that perceived usefulness and satisfaction does not have any significant impacts on purchase intention, while personalization, learning, attractiveness of alternatives, and continuance intention significantly affect it.

A Survey of the Rehabilitation Services Needs of the Elderly in Rural Area (지방도시 거주 노인들의 재활서비스에 대한 요구 조사 - 안동시 거주 노인들을 중심으로 -)

  • Kim, Suhn-Yeop
    • Physical Therapy Korea
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    • v.4 no.3
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    • pp.1-16
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    • 1997
  • This study was carried out to find out general characteristics and health-related be haviors of elders aged 60 or over and factors related to their activities of daily living, and thus to contribute to their health maintenance and promotion. The subjects were 200 elders who had resided at An-Dong city and participated in this study. To collect data, the field survey was conducted from December 13 to 23, 1996 with structured questionnaires by 6 trained student interviewers. Chi-square test, t-test and Pearson's correlation were used for data analysis by use of SPSS/$PC^+$ program. The major findings were as follows; 1) In the individual characteristics of the respondents, the average age were 73.6 years old. 21.5% of the subjects were 60-69 years old, while 27.5% were 70-74 years old, 25.0% were 75-79 years old, 26.0% were 80 years old or over. 2) For the degree of the subject's perceptive health condition, the aver age 3.39 point and standard deviation 1.09. The perceptive health condition of the subjects was in the mid point range of health condition. 3) 46.6% of men and 25.8% of women practiced exercise regularly for their health maintenance and promotion. 4) For the degree of the subject's perceptive health condition, the difference by sex was not statistically significant. 5) 51.8% of men and 60.2% of women has idea for interventions to health promotion program by rehabilitation services.

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Ex Post Monitoring and Loan Repayment Performance in Rural Vietnam

  • HA, Van Dung;DANG, Truong Thanh Nhan
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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    • v.8 no.8
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    • pp.365-373
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    • 2021
  • Loan monitoring is a fundamental element of credit control. The importance of loan monitoring is to reduce loan defaults and to increase loan repayment performance. The ex-post monitoring can also increase the loan quality and thus a concern to many creditors in the market economy. This study identifies the role of ex-post monitoring on loan repayment performance in the context of rural Vietnam. Employing primary data from rural areas of Vietnam, this study investigates the impacts of ex-post monitoring on loan repayment performance of individual borrowers in terms of on-time loan repayment and the rate of loan repayment. Descriptions of borrower demographics, loan information, and ex-post monitoring show the initial picture of borrowers and loans in Vietnam's rural areas. Quantitative estimations that use the Probit and the Tobit model confirm the argument that better ex-post monitoring would result in better loan repayment performance in both on-time repayment and repayment rate. Thus, some policy suggestions have been made to improve the monitoring system in each financial institution. The study also indicates that some other factors too affect loan repayment performance such as borrower's characteristics (education, agricultural working area, and income) as well as loan's characteristics (loan size, maturity, and loan purpose).

An Integrated Model of the Intention to Use the Intelligent Personal Assistant (IPA) (지능형 개인비서(IPA)의 사용의도에 관한 통합모형)

  • Chan-Woo Kim;Chang-Kyo Suh
    • Information Systems Review
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    • v.19 no.4
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    • pp.135-156
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    • 2017
  • An intelligent personal assistant (IPA) is a software agent that assists people to perform basic tasks or services for an individual by commonly providing information via natural language. In spite of the versatile capabilities of the IPA to answer a user's simple information-based queries, such as the weather and driving directions, the actual usage rates for IPA services are limited to date. In this research, to evaluate the factors affecting the intention to use IPA, we develop an empirical model based on technology acceptance model, innovation diffusion theory, and IS success model. Afterward, we collect 203 questionnaires from actual users of IPAs. Finally, the structural equation model validates the causal relationship between the constructs of the model. Consequently, the innovation characteristics of IPA drawn from innovation diffusion theory, namely, relative advantage, compatibility, observability, all exerted a positive influence on perceived usefulness. Furthermore, information quality, a quality characteristic of IPA obtained from DeLone and McLean's IS success model, presented a positive effect on perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. Finally, the perceived intelligence of IPA displayed a positive influence on perceived usefulness and ease of use. This characteristic was also a major factor that can increase the intention to use the IPA. Given these research findings, this study is significant for identifying factors that may influence the intention to use the IPA by providing strategic guidelines to relevant business operators and establishing an integrated model.