• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.287-297
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• 1990

The status of the nutrient supplement usage of the adults in Seoul was investigated. One thousand two hundred adults from various age groups were chosen as the subject of this study. Data of this study were obtained by means of self administered questionnaire for demog-raphic characteristics(sex,age,edcation,income,occupation) and behavioral characteristics (reason for using nutrient supplement or not using,exercise,drinking & smoking). The overall response rate was 85%(n=1031). As a result, a substantial percentage(40%) of the subjects were used some kinds of nutrient supplement. The higher the age, educational level, and family income were, the higher the percentage of nutrient supplement usage was. But there was not the significant difference between sexes(38% in men vs 34% in women). And supple-ment usage was higher in the thin and obese groups than the average weight groups. Majority of subjects indicated that the information source of supplement was "Family/Friends" or "Phy-sician/Pharmacist". KEY WORDS: supplement usage vitamin/mineral supplement health food.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.142-147
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• 2021

In this paper, we propose an intelligent research fund management system that applies artificial intelligence technology to an integrated research fund management system. By defining research fund management rules as work rules, a detection model learned using deep learning is designed, through which the disapproval status is presented for each research fund usage history. The disapproval detection system of the RCMS implemented in this study predicts whether the newly registered usage details are recognized or disapproved using an artificial intelligence model designed based on the use of an 8.87 million research fund registered in the RCMS. In addition, the item-detail recommendation system described herein presents the usage details according to the usage history item newly registered by the artificial intelligence model through a correlation between the research cost usage details and the item itself. The accuracy of the recommendation was shown to be 97.21%.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.451-460
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• 2013

This paper presents the necessary elements and data flow in developing a monitoring system of energy usage for apartment houses with a Smart TV. Energy consumption data in each home are collected and analyzed in the HUB station by way of measuring instruments. And the amount of energy usage, such as electricity, gas, hot water, heating, water and other utilities are displayed through the Smart TV application. Energy consumption Database in the HUB station are processed and displayed in the browser of a Smart TV through XML, JAVASCRIPT and Flash. Smart TV users can get the energy consumption status through the energy consumption analysis display of the Smart TV application and improve the energy efficiency by comparing the usage patterns with neighboring houses. And the application display energy usage information, consumption ranking, rates to user as well. Furthermore, usage of last month or year can be compared to help to reduce the energy usage. The proposed system can provide the information about the amount of energy use to be reduced and the warning on the waste of energy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.135-145
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• 2018

Purpose: The study aimed to investigate the factors associated with long hours of smartphone usage and to identify the characteristics of the high-risk group among female middle school students in South Korea. Methods: The study analyzed the data of 13,648 female middle school students using their own smartphone extracted from the 13th Youth Health Behavior Online Survey (2017). The factors related to using smartphones for a long time was analyzed by binomial logistic regression. The characteristics of the high-risk group was defined by a decision tree analysis. Results: The average hours spent on smartphone usage was 269.54 minutes per day. The significant factors associated with the long hours of smartphone usage were grade, living with parents, perceived household economic status, perceived academic achievement, stress, sadness and hopelessness, the main purpose of smartphone usage, drinking, body mass index, breakfast, and satisfaction with sleep quality. The subjects showing low academic performance and having breakfast four times a week or less were more likely to use their smartphone for a long time. Conclusion: Based on the results of the research, we need to establish intervention strategies focusing on the factors influencing long-time usage of smartphone. Particularly, the subjects who show poor academic performance and skip breakfast frequently should be considered as the high-risk group for spending long hours on smartphone usage.

• 축산식품과학과 산업
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.2-7
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• 2013

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.181-190
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• 2019

In South Korea, traffic accident patients can be treated under automobile insurance coverage. This study investigated the status of Korean medicine (KM) Automobile insurance system and usage status of main pharmacopuncture in KM clinic which reported that the largest number of automobile insurance fee claims among medical institutions. We surveyed 258 traffic accident patients who were treated at Namsangcheon KM clinic from 2014 to 2018 according to medical chart. The majority of the patients were male and thirties. In traffic accident situation, the highest distribution was car to car crash with 85.66% and 66.67% of the patients visited in the most acute phase. The most frequent treatment period was within 4 weeks and the number of treatments was 10 or less with 72.87%. In total results of treatment, the distribution was exellent with 10.08%, good with 46.90%, fair with 27.13% and poor with 15.89%, and the effective rate was 84.11%. The most frequent treatment period was within 4 weeks with 64.73% and the number of treatments was 10 or less with 72.87%. Of the 242 patients who received pharmacopunture, 91.5% were treated with HO, which was named after Honghwaja and TA, which was named after traffic accidents, and there were significant differences in the number of treatments and symptom improvement between the two groups. In this study, we confirmed the status of automobile insurance treatment and usage of main pharmacopuncture of single KM clinic with symptom improvement. This study can be regarded as one of the basis of KM treatment for the rapidly growing automobile insurance market.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.27
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• pp.3.1-3.4
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• 2012

Objectives: The current use of humidifier detergent and its harmful impact on humans has arisen as a societal environmental health issue. Therefore, in this study we aimed to explore the relationship between demo-socio characteristics and humidifier use, as well as the monthly usage changes in pregnant women; thus, we report the actual status of humidifier usage of Korea's pregnant population. Methods: From a birth cohort of a Mothers and Children's Environmental Health (MOCEH) study, 1,144 pregnant women who responded through questionnaires including demo-socio characteristics, obstetric status and household environment including whether they use humidifier and frequency of use were included in this study. Statistical analyses were performed to explore the relationship between maternal characteristics and the relevance of the use of humidifiers was performed using a chi-square test, a t-test and univariate logistic regression analysis. The monthly usage rate was demonstrated in the graph. Results: The humidifier usage rate in pregnant women was 28.2%. The average frequency of humidifier usage was 4.6 days per week, 7.3 hours per day. The usage rate was higher in the multipara group and the above the age of 34 age group than in the primipara and below the age of 34 groups. Seoul showed a higher usage rate than Cheonan and Ulsan and as the education level and income increased, the usage rate of humidifiers among pregnant women also increased. In the monthly trend of usage rate, the winter season showed the highest usage rate of over 45% and the lowest in late summer and beginning of fall with a value of 12% or less. Conclusions: During pregnancy, the mother's body is especially vulnerable to hazardous environmental exposure that not only affects the pregnant woman but also the fetus. Further research is still needed to elucidate the route and effect of environmental risk factors. Therefore, based on precautionary and preventive principles, special interest and caution in harmful environments are strongly needed not only at an individual level but also at a national level.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.236-252
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• 1994

This survey was accomplished to investigate the patterns of vitamin/mineral supplements usage in the middle-aged. Eight hundred seventy two persons of middle age were chosen from various cities and rural communities in Korea. In this study, those factors affecting vitamin/mineral supplements consumption, and usage patterns were examined. In addition, vitamin and mineral intakes through supplements were calculated, and then compared with RDA. As a result, vitamin/mineral supplements were taken by 40.8% of subjects. The higher the age, education level, family income and socioeconomic status were, the higher the percentage of supplements consumption was. City-dewellers used them more often than rural-dewellers. And vitamin/mineral supplements were taken frequently in subjects who perceived their health as poor, and concerned much about health. Illness and climacteric symptoms were also related with elevated usage. However, nutritional knowledge and food habit did not affect supplements consumption. Users mostly received information about supplements from TV/radio/newspapers, of family/friends. One of the mainly cited reasons for taking supplements, next to ' to give energy', was 'to be healthier'. The four most favored supplements, in ranking order, were vitamin B-complex, vitamin E, vitamin A and Ca. Most vitamin and mineral intakes through supplements were much greater than RDA except Ca. Especially, vitamin B1 intake was the highest as 49.6$\pm$34.9 times of RDA. In conclusion, vitamin/mineral supplements used by the middle-aged in Korea was as high as those of western countries. Supplements consumption seemed to be related with affluence, poor health status, and high level of health consiousness. And supplements tended to be taken for health promotion irrespective of scientific background. Most vitamin and mineral intakes by supplements were exceeded RDA, and their intake ranges were very wide. Thus some subjects should give attention to the potential harms of megadose.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.24-36
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• 2022

Objectives: This study is a comparative analysis of the satisfaction and recognition characteristics for traditional Korean medicine (TKM) in people with disabilities and the general population of Korea. Methods: Here, 5,000 subjects were categorized into two groups based on a disability rating using the data from the 2017 National Survey for the Usage of Korean Medicine. The relationships among the sociodemographic characteristics, TKM usage status, recognition of TKM usage, and recognition of the effectiveness of the TKM treatment were analyzed based on the disease. The response reliability was verified using the chi-square test analysis method. Results: Disabilities corresponded with low rates of high school or higher education (44%, 83.5%) and no jobs (56.9%, 33.5%), mostly the status of the low-income class with a monthly household income of < 1,500 USD (50.9%, 10.5%), poor health conditions (55.2%, 9.8%), high chronic disease prevalence rate (69.0%, 19.9%), high medical care rate (11.2%, 0.5%), and low commercial health insurance subscription rate (44%, 74.2%). Furthermore, people with disabilities visited TKM institutions more often (88.8%, 74.1%) with a high frequency TKM usage rate of ≥ 1-2 times a month (26.2%, 15.3%). They also reported that the cost of using the TKM was very high (14.7%, 8.8%) and that primarily the application of insurance benefits should be improved (52.6%, 47.5%). The treatment effectiveness for diseases was high for musculoskeletal disorders for both people with disabilities and the general population. Conclusion: Preferential application of insurance benefits for musculoskeletal diseases must be extended to the TKM treatment as well, as people with disabilities have a high recognition for these conditions with TKM. It is difficult to perform randomized controlled trials on people with disability. Therefore, large-scale observational and cohort studies should be conducted. We hope this study will help establish a suitable TKM policy for people with disabilities.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.287-291
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• 2005

The development of agricultural technology makes the increasement of pesticide usage. The results of pesticide usage were the increment of agricultural outcomes, but the health hazard was increasing also. Especially, alpine agriculture needs more pesticide than general agriculture and they suffered from more pesticide induced health symptoms. There were no study about the pesticide usage and subjective health status. So, this study was performed to investigate the relationship between pesticide usage and health status. The health status was measured by SF-12. SF-12 was well known health status measurement tool. SF-12 have two components, which were mental component score and physical component score. As a results of analysis, the alpine agricultural workers had higher pesticide exposure index and acute symptom score. As the results of multivariate analysis, physical component score was affected by pesticide exposure, but mental component score was not. Although, this study has many limitations, the result of this study can suggest the need of political advise and the further study.