• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.71-77
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• 2002

This study deals with noise occurring in the process of human information transmission. Human process many kinds of information by receiving them from the outside or using their own thought and express the processed information to the outside by acting. In this process, Channel Noise ($C_N$) is defined as the characteristics of noise generating the incomplete result for the external stimulus. To evaluate $C_N$, keyboard-typing experiment has been performed to the 87 subjects. In this experiment, the subject consists of college students who have abundant experience in computer usage. In the experiment, there were some cases that typing order was unconsciously reversed. In this study, we deal with only these cases since these cases can be used as important data to study humans information transmission system.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.13-23
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• 2000

Lived space, i.e. space as we experience it in our mundane life, does not exist independently of material objects: it is defined, delimited and made sensible by them. Concrete spaces so manifest are not sterile and neutral homogeneous voids. Not only do they interact with material objects but also influence our feelings and behaviour, constituting emotionally charged fields. This field dynamics of space is readily observed in the phenomenon of place as well as in the etymology and usage of the word 'place'. Each space is pervaded by a particular mood or atmosphere in accordance with its size and shape as well as with the perceptual properties of its constituent objects. Moreover, within each space the atmosphere also changes depending on the location. Space then can be thought of as a nonhomogeneous field of emotional energy. The fact that one is attracted to some places and repulsed by others may be described as one's being subject to invisible forces of pulls and pushes, attractions and repulsions. Out spatial environment is therefore a field of forces of varying directions and magnitudes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.28-31
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• 2000

Microscopic surgery of the larynx normally have a low recurrence rate. However, once they do recur, it is uneasy to manage recurrent diseases. Recurrence is often the result of inappropriate postoperative care and voice management. Out of the 764 patients operated for benign inflammatory laryngeal diseases, we have conducted a clinical analysis of 54 cases who have had at least one episode of recurrence after the initial treatment with laryngomicrosurgery (7.1% of recurrence rate). High risk groups for recurrence were determined, and they were related to cigarette smoking, alcohol intake, laryngopharyngeal reflux. From our experience and literature review, we conclude that pre- and postoperative patient education concerning these risk factors and voice usage Is of critical need to prevent recurrence of inflammatory laryngeal lesions after laryngomicrosurgery.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.24-26
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• 2013

In the process of a mobile network evolution to the All-IP, it is inevitable to experience a transient period embracing both circuit and packet based data traffics. At the stage of those hybrid networks, it is important to build them in an efficient manner in terms of resource utilization which is closely related to the overall system operation cost. Especially, the multimedia telephony is one of the essential services in the advanced packet based mobile networks. In this paper an effective method of system operation is proposed for building up the multimedia telephony service while the legacy network co-exists. The proposed solution is based on the careful investigation of the usage pattern of the multimedia services in the evolving networks. This method is also expected to be a useful guideline for the network resource planning.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.19-36
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• 2007

This study explored proverb comprehension and use in elementary school children by familarity and concreteness of proverbs and children's age, sex, experience of living with grandparents. The 529 fourth and sixth grade participants completed a questionnaire probing knowledge of 16 proverbs; 4 each in four categories(familiar-concrete, familiar-abstract, unfamiliar-concrete, and unfamiliar-abstract). Results showed highest comprehension scores for familiar-concrete proverbs. Sixth graders obtained higher comprehension score than fourth graders in all four proverb categories. There was no difference between grades in frequency of proverb usage. An interaction effect between grade and sex showed that female sixth graders had the highest comprehension score. These results suggest a possibility of relationship between figurative language and cognitive development related to abstract thinking in late school-age children.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.127-146
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• 2004

While 'Computer self-efficacy' is widely studied In the social science field with regard to the training effectiveness, little research has focused on clarifying the role of 'needs' in relation to self-efficacy and outcome expectations. in this regard, this study investigated the effects of 'needs to learn computer shills,' extending the social cognitive theory. A survey instrument was adopted and modified from previous studies to measure behavioral modeling, prior experience, Perceived computer self-efficacy, Perceived needs to learn computer skills and outcome expectations. A total of 209 practitioners were surveyed in this study. As a result, most part of the social cognitive theory was again Proven to be effective, and the 'needs to learn computer skills' was proven to be significant as a moderating variable between computer self-efficacy and outcome expectations. Implications of the research were discussed, and further studies were suggested at the end.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.89-108
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• 2018

This paper aims to explore the analysis of the meanings and processes of reading online consumer reviews and to construct a substantive theory that explains the process involved with the phenomenon of reading consumer reviews. In order to explore the phenomenon, this study employs a qualitative methodology. Following the grounded theory perspective, the researcher conducted interviews with 17 participants, who have subsequently shopped online and utilized online consumer reviews for shopping, and decidedly employed in-depth interviews with those participants. Through coding and making constant comparison, several themes emerged: improving confidence, trusting reviews, getting a sense of who reviewers are, seeking balance, processing and handling negative reviews, experiencing vicariously, increasing searchability, getting a sense of who they are in terms of similarity, and seeking benefits and the usage situations from consumer based reviews. Among the emerging themes, improving confidence can be considered a core category, which is influenced by the analysis of trusting reviews and the consumer vicarious experiences with a product. Moreover, this study discusses the relationships among the themes. This study concludes with a discussion of the results, implications, and limitations.

• Lingua Humanitatis
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• v.5
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• pp.293-310
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• 2003

This study starts with a remark on the frequent usage of the term 'generation culture' in the explanations of cultural change. The term 'generation culture' itself does have neither a clear meaning nor any academic consensus for its operational definition yet. Depending on intuitions or common senses, in most cases, of everyday lift experience, the tends to designate the co-existence of different cultural layers as composing subsystems of a little broader Korean cultural trend. I tried here to analyze different positions and perspectives in the employment of this term, sometimes with strategic intentions of each social groups. Economic or political positions, for example, are intertwined with the quest of identification concerning 'we' and 'other' grouping dynamics in the Age of Globalization, which accelerates the speed of cultural re-territorialization. And the role of consumption activity as a kind of cultural indication has gained more weight in that process. This analysis will remind us, also, of the post-modem society's assumption about the space-and-time in transition, and its fluctuation.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.596-604
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• 2001

This paper quantitatively presents the effects of important factors of the probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) of safety-critical digital systems. The result which is quantified using fault tree analysis methodology shows that these factors remarkably affect the system safety. In this paper we list the factors which should be represented by the model for PSA. Based on the PSA experience, we select three important factors which are expected to dominate the system unavailability. They are the avoidance of common cause failure, the coverage of fault tolerant mechanisms and software failure probability. We Quantitatively demonstrate the effect of these three factors. The broader usage of digital equipment in nuclear power plants gives rise to the safety problems. Even though conventional PSA methods are immature for applying to microprocessor-based digital systems, practical needs force us to apply it because the result of PSA plays an important role in proving the safety of a designed system. We expect the analysis result to provide valuable feedback to the designers of digital safety- critical systems.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.41-56
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• 2003

As the information society appears, the increasing power and access of personal computers along with wide spread use of the information technology has not only changed the landscape for communication but it has opened up new and exciting opportunities for education. One of the ways that information technology could help improve education is to be used in interactive communication to share the knowledge and experience of all the teachers as well as students. In this paper, the use and application of information communication technology[ICT] into mathematics classroom are described and showed several examples. furthermore, the web site design and developed for this study was introduced of the purpose of sharing the ideas about the knowledge and usage of the history of mathematics and examples of mathematical connections. The study suggests that enabling mathematics in incorporating of ICT by teachers and students requires more effort to be made in training teachers on the use and application of ICT into mathematics classroom.