• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.128-135
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• 2017

Purpose: Extended-spectrum ${\beta}$-lactamase-producing bacteria-induced urinary tract infections are increasing and require more potent antibiotics such as carbapenems. We evaluated the clinical significance of extended-spectrum ${\beta}$-lactamase -urinary tract infection in children younger than 5 years to select proper antibiotics and determine prognostic factors. Differences were compared between age groups. Methods: We retrospectively studied 288 patients with their first febrile urinary tract infection when they were younger than 5 years. Patients were divided into extended-spectrum ${\beta}$-lactamase-positive and extended-spectrum ${\beta}$-lactamasenegative urinary tract infection groups. Clinical characteristics and outcomes were compared between the groups; an infant group was separately analyzed (onset age younger than 3 months). Results: Extended-spectrum ${\beta}$-lactamase urinary tract infection occurred in 11 % patients who had more frequent previous hospitalization (P=0.02) and higher recurrence rate (P=0.045). During the antimicrobial susceptibility test, the extended-spectrum ${\beta}$-lactamase-positive urinary tract infection group showed resistance to third-generation cephalosporins; however, 98% patients responded clinically. In the infant group, extended-spectrum ${\beta}$-lactamase-positive urinary tract infection occurred in 13% patients and was associated with a longer pre-onset hospitalization history (P=0.002), higher C-reactive protein level (P=0.04), and higher recurrence rate (P=0.02) than that in the older group. Conclusion: Extended-spectrum ${\beta}$-lactamase urinary tract infection requires more attention because of its higher recurrence rate. The antimicrobial susceptibility test demonstrated resistance to third-generation cephalosporins, but they can be used as first-line empirical antibiotics because of their high clinical response rate. Aminoglycosides can be second-line antibiotics before starting carbapenems when third-generation cephalosporins do not show bactericidal effects for extended-spectrum ${\beta}$-lactamase urinary tract infection.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.37 no.7
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• pp.1149-1158
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors for a nosocomial urinary tract infection in intensive care units with a foley catheterization which showed a positive urine culture. Method: Three-hundred eighty-seven patients were included in the study. A retrospective review of the electrical medical record system's databases and medical record sheets in hospitalized patients from January 2003 to December 2003 was used. The collected data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, chi-square test and logistic regression analysis. Result: The frequency of the participants' nosocomial urinary tract infection was 72.9%. Significant risk factors for a nosocomial urinary tract infection were 'age', 'place of catheter insertion', 'frequency of catheter change', and 'duration of catheterization'. These variables explained 18.4% of variance in the experience of nosocomial urinary tract infection in intensive care units with foley catheterization. Conclusion: Medical personnel can decrease the incidence of a nosocomial urinary tract infection by recognizing and paying attention to the duration of catheterization, frequency of catheter change, and place of catheter insertion. As a result, specific and scrupulous strategies should be developed to reflect these factors for decreasing nosocomial urinary tract infections.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.36 no.7
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• pp.1204-1214
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• 2006

Purpose: This retrospective study was done to evaluate the status of nosocomial urinary tract infections and to determine the risk factors and transmission route of causal IRPA through molecular epidemiology. Method: Two hundred ninety-nine of 423 patients admitted to the internal medicine and surgery ICU at a university hospital incity B had a positiveurine culture. Twelve of the 299 patients who had a urinary tract infection had IRPA strains. The data was collected from November 1, 2004 to January 31, 2005. The following results were obtained after the data was analyzed using percentile and UPGMA. Result: The rate of nosocomial urinary tract infections in the ICU was 10.8%. Therewere 16.8 cases of infection based on the period of hospitalization. There were 16.9 cases of infection based on the use of a foley catheter. The rate of nosocomial urinary tract infection in the ICU and urinary tract infections related to IRPA were higher in patients with the following characteristics: men, old age, admission through the emergency room, longer than seven days admission, severity of admitting causes, disturbance of consciousness, hydration less than 300cc in 24hours, a long course of antibiotics, a long period of foley catheterization and perineal care. Most of the microorganisms that caused the urinary tract infection were gram negative bacilli, among which P. aeruginosa was found in 70 patients (18.5%) and IRPA in 12 (4.0%). Among the 12 IRPA strains that were tested with PFGE, eight showed a dice coefficient higher than 80%, suggesting a genetic relationship. They were related with the period of hospitalization in the same ICU. These patients all received direct care for a urinary tract infection. Conclusion: Through these results, IRPA can be consideredas a contributing factors to urinary tract infections thus, active preventative measures are needed by the medical staff.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.134-143
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• 2012

Purpose: This paper aims to report the effects of Oryeong-san on lower urinary tract infection. Methods: Four women were admitted to Dunsan Oriental Hospital with chief complaint that was not supposed to be a symptom of urinary tract infection. During the admission, urine test showed pyuria with white blood cell and their chief complain also accompanied. We prescribed Oryeong-san three times a day, and then took follow-up 4 days later. Results: After treatment, symptoms of lower urinary tract infection were decreased and the results of urine test improved also. Conclusions: These cases indicate that Oryeong-san is effective in treatment of the lower urinary tract infection.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.121-123
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• 2019

Urinary tract infection is common in the pediatric population. The most common causative agents are bacteria, among which Escherichia coli is the most frequent uropathogen. Although fungal urinary tract infection is rare in the healthy pediatric population, it is relatively common among hospitalized patients. Fungus may be isolated from the urine of immunocompromised patients or that of patients with indwelling catheters. The most common cause of funguria is Candida albicans. Although more than 50% of Candida isolates belong to non-albicans Candida, the prevalence of non-albicans candiduria is increasing. Herein, we report a case of community-acquired candiduria in a 4-month-old immunocompetent male infant who had bilateral vesicoureteral reflux and was administered antibiotic prophylaxis. He was diagnosed with urinary tract infection caused by Candida lusitaniae and was managed with fluconazole.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.9 no.10
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• pp.407-421
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to survey the knowledge and practice about preventive behavior for urinary tract infection in caregivers, and ultimately to provide the basic information in terms of urinary tract infection prevention. Participants in this study were caregivers who working at the 7 long-term care facilities in J-city of South Korea. Total 198 were participated in this study. Descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and scheffe test were performed using SPSS Windows for 21.0 program. The correct answer rate for the knowledge about preventive behavior of urinary tract infection was 79%. The practice of urinary tract infection preventive behavior were significantly differed by the number of nurses, the number of elderly, working time and the experience, perceived importancy, necessity with education for urinary tract infection. The preventive behavior for urinary tract infection in caregivers should be supervised by health care providers. Moreover, it should be needed to educate and apply the basic education program to improve the caregivers' knowledge and practice for preventive behavior in urinary tract infection by healthcare providers. Continuous infection monitor and education by healthcare providers can be contributed the quality of elderly caring services and development of monitoring system for urinary tract infection in long-term care facilities.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.249-258
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• 1989

The purpose of study was to confirm theory about the effectiveness of routine mental care on the reduction of catheter-associated urinary tract infection. The study was carried out at a university hospital from September 1,1987 to April 17, 1989 : 32 Patients with a foley -catheter were studied. The study compared the urinary tract infection rate of an experimental group with that of a control group and tested the antibiotic susceptibility of the isolated bacteria. The experimental group(16 patients) was given daily meatal care with 10% Betadine for periods ranging from 4 to 21 days. The control group(16 patients) was not given that care. The results obtained were as follows : 1. The urinary tract infection rate of the experimental group was 50.0 %, and that of the control group 43.8%. There was no significant difference between the groups. 2. Organisms isolated in the control group were bacteria 100%, and in the experimental group bacteria 50% and fungus 50%. The most common organisms of the 15 strains isolated in the total group were Staphylococcus coagulase negative (3 patients), and E-coli (3 patients). 3. Most of bacteria isolated in this study were sensitive to Norfloxacillin, but resistant to Ampicillin, Chloramphenicol, Kanamycin, Tetracycline, and Erythromycin. Hence the importance of controling catheter-associated urinary tract infections. Findings suggest the need to search for other sources of infection, further experimentation controling various sources of urinary tract infection and larger group of subjects.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.3805-3807
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• 2016

Literature on the relationship between recurrent urinary tract infections and urinary bladder carcinoma risk has been inconsistent. Therefore, we carried out this systematic review of observational studies to ascertain if there is any association between chronic urinary tract infection and urinary bladder carcinoma. A total of 10 databases were searched using Boolean: CINAHL, PUBMED, Google Scholar, Medline, Science Direct, SCIRUS, Cochrane, UK PubMed central, NHS evidence and WHO-website. The search yielded an initial hit of 3,518 articles and after screening and critical appraisal, seven studies were included for this review. Four articles reported an association between chronic urinary tract infections and bladder cancer while three concluded a weak or no association at least in one gender. Main findings in this review were that most of the studies reported an association between chronic urinary tract infections and bladder cancer risk. However, inferences about the causal association between chronic urinary tract infections and bladder cancer risk should be drawn cautiously considering the methodological limitations of case-control studies included in this review. Therefore, more empirical evidence is needed to determine the causal nature of relationships between chronic urinary tract infections and bladder cancer risk.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.263-272
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to report the improvement after treatment with Mahwanggachul-tang on fever and edema due to urinary tract infection combined with stroke. Methods : From December 8th to 22nd 2010, We treated a ischemic stroke patient having fever and edema due to urinary tract infection with Mahwanggachul-tang. We checked body temperature, intake-output, urine analysis and chest X-ray. Results : There were improvement on body temperature, Intake-output, urin analysis and chest X-ray. Conclusions : This report shows Mahwanggachul-tang has effectiveness on fever and edema due to urinary tract infection combined with stroke.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.52 no.9
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• pp.976-983
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• 2009

Urinary tract infection (UTI), the most common bacterial disease in childhood, is frequently associated with urinary tract anomalies (15-50%) and can induce renal scarring, which is a cause of hypertension and chronic kidney disease. Despite the high risk of renal scarring in infancy, the diagnosis may be delayed due to its nonspecific presenting symptoms; moreover, over-diagnosis is frequent due to the contamination of urine samples. The delay in diagnosis and treatment may induce sepsis or renal scar, while over-diagnosis is responsible for unnecessary antibiotic treatment and costly urinary imaging studies. UTI guidelines have been ever-changing for the past three decades, but some controversial issues remain. This article is a revision of the previous KSPN (Korean Society of Pediatric Nephrology) guideline and addresses the recent controversies concerning childhood UTI.