• Title/Summary/Keyword: Urinary Urea

Search Result 120, Processing Time 0.024 seconds

Protective Effect of Korean Red Ginseng Against Dichromate Toxicity

  • Kim, Eun;Hyun, Hak-Chul;Na, Ki-jung
    • Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
    • /
    • 1990.06a
    • /
    • pp.132-136
    • /
    • 1990
  • The metabolic disturbance and nephrotoxicity induced by sodium dichromate (20 mg/kg, SC) have been diminished by the administration of Korean red ginseng extract (100 mg/kg, PO). Red ginseng has a powerful potency on the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) increment shown in the early 2h after dichromate intoxication. It normalized the dichromate induced hepatic glycogenolysis. The effect of red ginseng on dichromate induced nephrotoxicity was investigated by hematological analysis, and urinalysis. Ginseng treatment significantly reduced the increases in the urinary excretion of protein and glucose. These effects were dose dependent. Ginseng protected the accumulation of BUN and cretonne in the blood, caused by dichromate intoxication. Unlike CaEDTA, ginseng did not change the urinary excretion chromium. And it could not convert htxavalent chromium to trivalent chromium. These results suggest that ginseng treatment is effective in decreasing the metabolic disturbance, one of the earliest signs of dichromate toxicity, resulting in the protective effect of dichromate induced renal damage.

  • PDF

Protective Effect of Korean Red Ginseng Against Dichromate Toxicity (중크롬산 독성에 대한 고려홍삼의 방어효과)

  • Kim, Eun;Hyun, Hak-Chul;Na, Ki-Jung
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
    • /
    • v.14 no.2
    • /
    • pp.274-278
    • /
    • 1990
  • The metabolic disturbance and nephrotoxicity induced by sodium dichromate (20 mg/kg, SC) have been diminished by the administration of Korean red ginseng extract (100 mg/kg, PO). Red ginseng has a powerful potency on the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) increment shown in the early 2h after dichromate intoxication. It normalized the dichromate induced hepatic glycogenolysis. The effect of red ginseng on dichroamte induced nephrotoxicity was investigated by hematological analysis, and urinalysis. Ginseng treatment significantly reduced the increases in the urinary excretion of protein and glucose. These effects were dose dependent. Ginseng protected the accumulation of BUN and creatinine in the blood, caused by dichromate intoxication. Unlike CaEDTA, ginseng did not change the urinary excretion of chromiilm and it could not convert hexavalent chronlium to trialvalent chromium. These results suggest that ginseng treatment is effective in decreasing the metabolic disturbance, one of the earliest signs of dichromate toxicity, resulting in the protective effect of dichromate induced renal damage.

  • PDF

Effect of Processed Cyperi Rhizoma on Rat Kidney Function (수치(修治) 향부자 분획물의 흰쥐 신기능에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Tae-Hee;Yang, Ki-Sook;Park, Ji-Young
    • YAKHAK HOEJI
    • /
    • v.42 no.1
    • /
    • pp.70-74
    • /
    • 1998
  • Cyperus rotundus L. (Cyperaceae) has been used as an analgesic, antiinflammatoty agent, diuretic and emmenagoga in folk remedies. Cyperi Rhizomata, processed and unproces sed, were extracted with MeOH and fractionated with petroleum ether (Pet. Ether), $CHCl_3$, BuOH, water. In order to investigate the effects of their fractions on kidney function of acute renal failure rats induced by $HgCl_2$ urinary volume, BUN, Creatinine, Uric acid were determined. The diuretic effect of processed Cyperi Rhizoma was significantly increased in renal failure rats, on serum chemical parameters, the significant inhibition of BUN (blood urea nitrogen) of processed Cyperi Rhizoma was revealed.

  • PDF

A Case of Severe Hyperammonemic Encephalopathy Caused by Urinary Tract Infection in Obstructive Uropathy

  • Mun, Bo Gyung;Lee, Joo Hoon;Park, Young Seo;Jung, Jiwon
    • Childhood Kidney Diseases
    • /
    • v.25 no.2
    • /
    • pp.112-116
    • /
    • 2021
  • Hyperammonemia is mainly caused by diseases related to liver failure. However, there are also non-hepatic causes of hyperammonemia, such as urinary tract infection (UTI) due to urease-producing organisms. Urease production by these bacteria induces a hydrolysis of urinary urea into ammonia that can cross the urothelial cell membrane and diffuse into blood vessels, leading to hyperammonemia. Delayed diagnosis and treatment of hyperammonemia can lead to lethal encephalopathy that can cause brain damage and life-threatening conditions. In the presence of obstructive uropathy, UTI by urease-producing bacteria can lead to more severe hyperammonemia due to enhanced resorption of ammonia into the systemic circulation. In this report, we present a case of acute severe hyperammonemic encephalopathy leading to brain death due to accumulation of ammonia in blood caused by Morganella morganii UTI in a 10-year-old girl with cloacal anomaly, causing obstructive uropathy even after multiple corrections.

Identification of urinary microRNA biomarkers for in vivo gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity models

  • Jeon, Byung-Suk;Lee, Soo-ho;Hwang, So-Ryeon;Yi, Hee;Bang, Ji-Hyun;Tham, Nga Thi Thu;Lee, Hyun-Kyoung;Woo, Gye-Hyeong;Kang, Hwan-Goo;Ku, Hyun-Ok
    • Journal of Veterinary Science
    • /
    • v.21 no.6
    • /
    • pp.81.1-81.10
    • /
    • 2020
  • Background: Although previous in vivo studies explored urinary microRNA (miRNA), there is no agreement on nephrotoxicity-specific miRNA biomarkers. Objectives: In this study, we assessed whether urinary miRNAs could be employed as biomarkers for nephrotoxicity. Methods: For this, literature-based candidate miRNAs were identified by reviewing the previous studies. Female Sprague-Dawley rats received subcutaneous injections of a single dose or repeated doses (3 consecutive days) of gentamicin (GEN; 137 or 412 mg/kg). The expression of miRNAs was analyzed by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in 16 h pooled urine from GEN-treated rats. Results: GEN-induced acute kidney injury was confirmed by the presence of tubular necrosis. We identified let-7g-5p, miR-21-3p, 26b-3p, 192-5p, and 378a-3p significantly upregulated in the urine of GEN-treated rats with the appearance of the necrosis in proximal tubules. Specifically, miR-26-3p, 192-5p, and 378a-3p with highly expressed levels in urine of rats with GEN-induced acute tubular injury were considered to have sensitivities comparable to clinical biomarkers, such as blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and urinary kidney injury molecule protein. Conclusions: These results indicated the potential involvement of urinary miRNAs in chemical-induced nephrotoxicity, suggesting that certain miRNAs could serve as biomarkers for acute nephrotoxicity.

Development of objective indicators for quantitative analysis of sodium intake: the sodium to potassium ratio of second-void urine is correlated with 24-hour urinary sodium excretion

  • Kim, Jung Gon;Han, Sang-Woong;Yi, Joo Hark;Park, Hyeong Cheon;Han, Sang Youb
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
    • /
    • v.14 no.1
    • /
    • pp.25-31
    • /
    • 2020
  • BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: To date, sodium intake has been evaluated based on spot urine instead of 24-hour (hr) urine collection. Nevertheless, the optimal method for assessing daily sodium intake remains unclear. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Fifteen male (age 32.7 ± 6.5 years) participants were offered 3 meals with a total of 9-10 g salt over 24 hours, and 24-hr urine was collected from the second-void urine of the first day to the first-void urine of the second day. Twenty-four-hr urinary sodium (24UNa) was estimated using Tanaka's equation and the Korean formula, and spot urine Na, potassium (K), chloride (Cl), urea nitrogen (UN), creatinine (Cr), specific gravity (SG) and osmolality (Osm) were measured. The ratios of urinary Na to other parameters were calculated, and correlations with total measured 24UNa were identified. RESULTS: Average 24-hr urine volume was 1,403 ± 475 mL, and measured 24UNa was 143.9 ± 42.1 mEq (range, 87.1-239.4 mEq). Measured 24UNa was significantly correlated with urinary Na/UN (r = 0.560, P < 0.01), urinary Na/Osm (r = 0.510, P < 0.01), urinary Na/Cr (r = 0.392, P < 0.01), urinary Na/K (r = 0.290, P < 0.01), 24UNa estimated using Tanaka's equation (r = 0.452, P < 0.01) and the Korean formula (r = 0.414, P < 0.01), age (r = 0.548, P < 0.01), weight (r = 0.497, P < 0.01), and height (r = 0.393, P < 0.01) in all spot urine samples. Estimated 24UNa based on the second-void spot urine of the first day tended to be more closely correlated with measured 24UNa than were estimates from the other spot urine samples. The significant parameters correlated with the second-void urine of the first day were urinary Na/K (r = 0.647, P < 0.01), urinary Na/Cr (r = 0.558, P < 0.05), and estimated 24UNa using Tanaka's equation (r = 0.616, P < 0.05) and the Korean formula (r = 0.588, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Second-void urine is more reliable than first-void urine for estimating 24UNa. Urinary Na/K in the second-void urine on the first day is significantly correlated with 24UNa. Further studies are needed to establish the most reliable index and the optimal time of urine sampling for predicting 24UNa.

The effect of Cordyceps pruinosa on renal failure rats

  • Cho, Ahn-Na;Kim, Sun-Young;Yang, Ki-Sook;Sung, Jae-Mo
    • Proceedings of the PSK Conference
    • /
    • 2002.10a
    • /
    • pp.385.1-385.1
    • /
    • 2002
  • Cordyceps has been used as a tonic for replenishing vital function in Chinese traditional medicines. As an attempt to obtain fundamental data for the kidney function, MeOH Ex. and its hexane. ethyl acetate, butanol and water fractions of cultivated Cordyceps pruinosa on mercuric chloride induced renal failure rats were investigated. Urin volume. blood parameters(urea nitrogen. uric acid. creatinine) and urinary electrolytes content (natrium. potassium. chloride) were determined. MeOH extract and butanol fraction showed diuretic effect. (omitted)

  • PDF

Effect of Polygonum cuspidatum on renal function

  • Kang, Kyung-Min;Kim, Hyun-Jung;Joo, Si-Mong;Yang, Ki-Sook
    • Proceedings of the PSK Conference
    • /
    • 2003.04a
    • /
    • pp.269.1-269.1
    • /
    • 2003
  • Polygonum cuspidatum has been used as treatments of dermatitis, inflammation, hyperlipidemia and diuretics in folk remedies. In order to evaluate the urinary effect of Polygoni cuspidati Radix, its MeOH extract was administerd in rats. We determined the total urin volume, chemical parameters(urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid), electrolytes(natrium, potassium, chloride) ) in serum and urin. Polygoni cuspidati Radix showed increase in urin volume and electrolytes.

  • PDF

A Study on Urinary N-acetyl-$\beta$-D-glucosaminidase Activities of Office Workers in a Certain Industrial Complex Area (모 공단지역 사무직 근로자들의 요중 N-acetyl-$\beta$-D-glucosaminidase 역가에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Hwa-Sung;Lee, Gap-Soo;Lee, Sung-Soo;Ahn, Kyu-Dong;Lee, Byung-Kook
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
    • /
    • v.27 no.3 s.47
    • /
    • pp.547-556
    • /
    • 1994
  • In order to identify the necessary information of biochemical Indices for renal effect of lead for the early detection in medical surveillance of lead worker, the reference values of urinary N-acetyl-$\beta$-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) activities were studied with 205 office workers in one industrial complex area who were not exposed to lead occupationally. While study variables selected for lead exposure were blood lead (PbB), blood zinc protoporphyrin(ZPP) and $\delta$-aminolevulinic acid (DALA) in urine, those for renal effect were urinary N-acetyl-$\beta$-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine(Cr), serum uric acid (Ua), and urinary total protein(U-TP). The results obtained were as follows: 1. The mean values of blood lead, ZPP and DALA in all subjects were $14.39{\pm}4.02{\mu}g/dl,\;21.61{\pm}8.00{\mu}g/dl,\;and\;2.73{\pm}0.90mg/l$ respectively. 2. The mean value of urinary NAG activities in all subjects was $3.51{\pm}2.01U/l$. The mean value of urinary NAG activities, which calculated from NAG activities divided by urinary creatinine concentration (CNAG), was $5.42{\pm}5.53U/g$ creatinine and log-arithmic normal distributed. 3. The reference value of urinary NAG activity was 12.06 U/g creatinine(95% CU=10.57-14.76 U/g creatinine). 4. Logarithmic CNAG(r=0.781 p<0.0l), U-TP(r=0.670 p<0.01) and ZPP(r=0.172 p<0.05) showed statistically significant correlation with CNAG.

  • PDF

The Seasonal on Sodium and Potassium Intakes, and Their Metabolisms of Preschool Children in Korea -Add Other Electrolyes : Calcium, Phosphours and Magnesium- (한국 미취학 아동의 Sodium과 Potassium의 계절별 영양대사에 관한 연구 -기타 전해질 : Calcium, Phosphorus 및 Magnesium을 첨가하여-)

  • 이기렬
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
    • /
    • v.21 no.5
    • /
    • pp.305-316
    • /
    • 1988
  • The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship of the dietary nutrients to blood pressure among preschool children in Seoul and to concurrently study the effect of seasonal variance on the aforementioned relationship. The subjects of the study consisted of 203 preschool children aged four to six years. Anthropometric measurements of height, weight, pulse rate and blood pressure, urinary excretion of five cations(Na, K, Ca, P, Mg), creatinine and urea nitrogen and dietary questionaires concerning sodium, potassium calcium and phosphorus were taken during the two periods of summer(Aug. 1986)and winter(Feb, 1987). The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1) The daily urinary excretion of five cations, creatinine and urea nitrogen is summer and winter was as follows; The sodium content was 57.8 mEq in the summer and 59.4 mEq in the winter ; potassium 20.4 mEq and 23.0 mEq, respectively ; calcium, 5.5 mEq and 3.6 mEq, respectively ; and phosphorus, 27.4 mEq and 19.9 mEq, respectively. Only calcium and phosphours excretions in the urine showed significant differences per season(p<0.05). 2) The average dietary intake per day of sodium was 2349mg in the summer and 2155mg in the winter ; potassium consumption was 1425mg in the summer and 1448mg in the winter ; intake of calcium was 472mg in the summer and 500mg in the winter ; and phosphours consumption was 642mg in the summer and 634mg in hte winter. The sodium-to-potassium consumption ratio 1.6 and 1.5, respectively, in the summer and in the winter and the calcium-to-phosphorus ration was 0.7 in the summer and 0.8 in the winter. The dietary calcium intake showed significant differences between the seasons. 3) The principal source of sodium consumption among preschool children was from seasoning-including talbe salt, soy sauce and instant sauce-which accounted for higher then 45% of the sodium intake in both seasons. The main source of potassium was frutis and vegetables which accounted for 29.6% of the potassium intake in the summer and 25.7% in the winter. Milk and milk products were the primary dource of calcium(higher then 40% in both seasons) 4) In the summer, urinary phosphours levels were weakly reated to systolic blood pressures. (0.05

  • PDF