• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제25권8호
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• pp.1167-1174
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• 2022

With the sustainable development and transformation of the city, public art as a business card of the famous city of culture has become a hot topic of research. The intervention of public art in public space not only brings users a sense of space experience, but also becomes a unique carrier of urban and rural image making. Although there is much research on the classification, aesthetics and function of public art, there is few quantitative research on user satisfaction. This paper takes the basic features of airport public art as a research object and the basic features of airport public art as the theoretical basis to study the impact of the basic characteristics of airport public art on user satisfaction. Research methods were based on questionnaire data of 247 people, in which models and hypotheses were tested using SPSS 21.0 software, based on the induction and extraction of nine influential factors in the basic characteristics of public art. The study found that public interpretation, media patterns, color perception, modeling form, place perception, city image and memory have significant positive effects on user satisfaction. The sharedness of public art, cognition and communication in public culture and spatial relations do not affect satisfaction. Conclusion, inspiration and prospect provide suggestions for designers and reference data and theoretical support for public art evaluation.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.2495-2502
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• 2012

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a disease with distinct ethnic and geographic distribution. The incidence of NPC in Chinese residing in Asia has declined over the last few decades, but NPC mortality trends in the entire Chinese population over time have not been systematically evaluated. In this study, we examined NPC mortality at the national level in China between 1973-2005. Mortality rates were derived from the databases of national retrospective surveys on cancer mortality conducted in the periods of 1973-1975, 1990-1992, and 2004-2005, respectively. NPC was classified according to the International classification of diseases. Age-adjusted mortality rates were calculated by direct standardization according to the world standard population. Trends in rates were evaluated by age, gender, geographic areas, and socioeconomic status. From 1973 to 2005, there was a general trend of decrease in NPC mortality in China, with higher rates in the south on a downward trend in the north. The age-standardized NPC mortality rates were 2.60 per 100,000 in 1973-1975, 1.94 per 100,000 in 1990-1992, and 1.30 per 100,000 in 2004-2005, respectively. The trend was similar in both men and women, in both urban and rural areas, but the declining rates in females were more remarkable than in males. The mortality rates were higher for the age groups above 50 years than those less than 50 years of age, both showing downward trend over 30-year period. In summary, the overall NPC mortality has consistently decreased in China over the past three decades, particularly in women and in old adults.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.111-122
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• 2011

본 연구는 국내사업체 수에서 87.9% 이상을 차지하고 있는 소상공인들의 직능업종별 조직화에 대한 실증적 연구이다. 연구문제의 검증을 위하여 직능단체의 조직화를 국내 상황에 적합하도록 도소매직능, 음식숙박직능, 개인서비스직능의 세 가지 형태로 구분하여 실증적인 분석을 시도하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 조직화 참여동기에서 인력구인난에 대한 반응은 음식직능이 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 외부경쟁심화와 자금압박으로 인한 반응은 개인 서비스 직능이 가장 높게 나타났다. 이를 통하여 업종별 직능별로 경영애로사항과 조직화 참여동기에는 차이가 존재함이 새롭게 밝혀졌다. 둘째, 조직화 기대치의 경영공정 개선분야에서는 음식직능이, 단순한 최종성과 개선만을 기대하는 분야에서는 소매직능이 가장 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 소상공인 직능별 조직화요인과 경영성과에 대한 분석에서는 참여동기는 소상공인의 재무적인 경영성과에 부(-)의 영향을 주고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이와 반대로 조직화 기대치와 정책수요는 경영성과에 직접적인 정(+)의 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과가 의미하는 바는, 향후 정부에서는 직능단체별로 맞춤형 중장기 경영전략을 수립하여야 하는 필요성과 더불어, 현재 소상공인 조직화는 일천한 상황에 있지만, 최종적으로 창업 성공과 창업 실패를 구분하는 분기점이 된다는 점을 밝혀주었다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.66-84
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• 2008

Objectives: This study aimed to. offer some fundamental evidences for the stroke management policy by investigating the trends of medical care utilization and regionalization in stroke inpatients. Methods: We used the National Health Insurance claims and registry data for stroke inpatients from 1998 to 2005. Among all stroke inpatient claims data, self-employed insured and their dependents were only included in this study. The classification of stroke was based on ICD-10(I60-I69) and its subtype was divided by hemorrhage(I60-I62) and infarction(I63-I64) type. To evaluate regionalization of medical care utilization, relevance index was calculated by regions. The regions were classified 8 large catchment areas and 163 self authorized areas. Results: The overall medical care utilization rate of stroke inpatient has been increased, especially infarction subtype. Among medical care institutions, the utilization of hospital has been the most rapidly increased. Although considered annual rate of interest, total medical cost of stroke inpatients has been increased, Totally, more than 84% of stroke inpatient were admitted to medical care institutions in their own large catchment area during 1998-2005. The relevance indices in their own large catchment area (self sufficiency rates) were more than 70% in most areas regardless of stroke subtype except Chungbuk catchment area. Self sufficiency rates of stroke inpatients among 163 self authorized areas in 1998 and 2005 were 84.2% and 83.1% in metropolitan, 46.7% and 45.5% in urban, and 19.5% and 22.6% in rural areas, respectively. Conclusion: Stroke management policy for improvement of distribution at the district level, especially in rural areas, may be helpful for reducing regional inequality in stroke.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.179-187
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• 2010

차세대 이동 통신 시스템에서는 높은 주파수 대역, 광대역, 다중 안테나(MIMO antenna)의 사용이 예상된다. 또한 무선 통신의 급격한 수요와 이동 통신 서비스의 폭발적인 증가로 인해 차세대 이동 통신 시스템의 최적화를 위한 검증 모델 개발 연구가 필요하다. 기존 MIMO 채널 모델의 경우 도심, 부도심, 시골, 개활지 등으로 포괄적으로 전파 환경을 분류하여 연구를 수행하였으나, 이러한 접근 방법은 예를 들어 도심 환경 내에서도 다양한 morphology가 존재할 수 있기 때문에 모델링 정확도 측면에서 취약성을 가질 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 path morphology 개념을 도입하여 전파 환경을 송 수신기 사이의 건물의 높이, 밀집도 등을 고려하여 세부적으로 분류하는 방법을 제안하였다. 광선 추적(ray tracing) 기법을 이용하여 각 환경별 delay spread(DS), AoD와 AoA의 angular spread(AS)를 분석하고, 이를 바탕으로 국내 환경에 적합한 MIMO 채널 모델을 제시하였다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.68-86
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• 1991

This study was carried out to investigate consciousness level of physical exercise and analyze factors affection to the practice of exercise. The main purpose of the study was to give basic and necessary data in developing of program regarding to the physical exercise of the people and social athletics. This study was conducted by trained surveyers, for dweller in three cities(Seoul, Taegu and Ulsan) during January 4. 1990 to January 24. 1990. The results of this study can be summarized as follows 1. The subject of criticism an investigation for general charactristic be conducted in Seoul, Taegu and Ulsan city area an objective 417 person, 432 person and 366 person was among those comparatively little more by male was higher rate than female. Those in classification was adopted by age group 20 years old adult 41.3% of most higher rate, age group evaluation, were 24.9％ and other group were 18.4％ comprehensively appearanced by adult group has most many value rate. 2. An objective of investigation survey was made to personnel were comparative an educated level significantly higher such as college graduated 48.8％ this rate of value has most higher, High school graduated ; 30.1％ and middle School gratuated were 11.7％. In addition the native comes from large city, Farming and fishing villages an rural area rate were shown as 29.6％, 28.4% and 19.9% each other. There by classification of occupational job was shown by students has 27.4％ are most higher significantly, also there sales and service field job appearanced 15.1％ and expert technical job is 9.0% Although nonreligion person rate were 37.3%, buddist, Christianity, Roman Catholicism all them each other shown 33.6％, 16.7％ and 12.4%. An evaluation in economic situation value rate was appearanced by middle class level 61.7％ and higher and low level are 14.4％ and 23.9% with each other and married were 59.2％. 3. The people resident in cities area has pratice of health development by exercise person were 43.5% and value of rate for male has exercise practice is 52.5％, was significantly higher than female has by age group 10 years old and age group 50 years old is 52.6％ and 47.3％ was comparative higher rate also age group 30 is 35.1％ of low factor was indicated. Although evaluated an economic situation rate was higher level get more taken the practice of health develop exercise(higher level 60.0％ and low level is 32.9％). Although by higher level of educated were more taken pratice of their proper physical exercise(college graduated rate ; 52.2％ of most higher and high school graduted ; 39.7％ and then middle school graduated is 19.1％) unmarried taken exercise rate ; 48.4％ is significantly higher than married person rate ; 40.8％. Although objective of native area of exercise rate of Urban area cities ; 52.5％ are significantly higher farming and fishing native person rate ; 40.4％ shown is most low.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.71-85
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• 1990

673 third-year students of boy's and girl's high schools in Taegu city and Kuni-gun and Youngyang-gun and Euisung-gun in Kyongbuk province were selected and investigated as the subject, of this study on the correlation between Lee Jae Ma's Four Types of Essential Physical Constitution and Physical Form index. The result of the study was found as follows. First, as for Height, the findings were not identical with the expression that "person of shaoyin(minor Yin) Type are short and small -- while person of Taiyin (major Yin) Type are tall and big," cited in classification of four different constitutions in a document named "Dong-Eu-Su-Se-Bo-Won". Comparison of persons of Shaoyang (minor Yang) - Type proved infitness due to the lack of data on Height in documents concerning Lee Jae Ma's four types of essential physical constitution. Second, as for Sitting Height, the correlation was prored between the findings of this study and the expression in the above document describing external physical characteristics of shaoyin-Type persons that "The upper part and' the lower part of the body are well balanced", but in point of Relative Sitting Height, none between the two. Third, as for Chest-Girth and Relative Chest-Girth plus Weight and Relative Weight, the expression that "Persons of Taiyin(major Yin) Type have the largest physique of the lour types of persons in the characteristics of external physical features, and that they also tend to have continental(widechest or large-scaled) character and strong nerve, that they are stoutly-built and fal." proved to have the correlation with the findings of this study. Fourth, in point of Chest-Girth and Relative Chest-Girth, this study found that its findings have the correlation with the phrase that "Chests are well developed upwar -- and sturdy and solid." in describing the characteristics of Shaoyang (minor Yang)-Type person' external physical features, and that with the phrase that "Chests are narrow" in the case of Shaoyin(minor Yin)-Type persons. Fifth, as for Weight and Relative Weight, the correlation was found between the findings and the expression that "shaoyin-Type persons have comparatively less flesh" as a sign of external physical characteristics of Shaoyin-Type persons. The above-cited findings proved that there exist some correlations between external physique of the Lee Jae Ma's four types of essential constitution and physical Form Indexes. Actually, however, in clinical classification, it is desirable that this approach should be consulted only after carefull consideration based on Lee Jae Ma's theory, and it seems imperative to continue the study of objectivization of Lee's theory.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.15-23
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• 2005

아까시나무 우점림의 식생유형에 대한 분류와 분포양식 그리고 생태식물상적 특성을 규명하였다. 전통적인 식물사회학적 방법과 식생조사자료 및 식생유형간의 유사성 분석을 위하여 주좌표분석법(Principal Coordinates Analysis)과 상관 계수(correlation coefficient)가 이용되었다. 생태식물상의 분석에는 출현 식물종들의 특질(넌출형, 일이년생 생명환, 삼림식생요소, 체감도시화지수)이 이용되었다. 이러한 분석은 출현종의 상대기여도를 바탕으로 하는 입지-식생조사구 매트릭스의 식물군락표 및 군락합성표를 토대로 이루어졌다. 아까시나무 우점림은 총 77과 193속 323종으로 이루어져 있었으며, 아까시나무-닭의장풀군집(전형아군집, 떡갈나무아군집, 자귀나무아군집, 소나무아군집, 굴참나무아군집, 가중나무아군집), 아까시나무-갈대군락(전형하위군락, 띠하위군락)으로 분류되었으며, 크게 네 가지 식생형(도시형, 농촌형, 하천형, 복합형)으로 구분되었다. 아까시나무-닭의장풀군집은 졸참나무-작살나무아군단의 냉온대 남부 저산지대의 아까시나무 조림식생을 대표하는 식생단위이며, 아까시나무-갈대군락은 하천(정수역)형으로 기재되었다. 가중나무아군집은 높은 체감도시화지수에 의하여 도시형 아까시나무림으로 규정되었다. 하천형을 제외한 우리나라의 아까시나무 우점림은 지속군락으로 고려되었다.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.136-155
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• 2014

본 연구는 다양한 기상자료와 공간분석기법을 통해 영남지역의 열쾌적성평가도를 구축하여 우선적인 열환경 개선 정책이 추진되어야 하는 지역을 도출하였으며, 토지피복 현황과의 비교를 통해 향후 지역적 범위의 도시 녹지계획 수립에 활용하여 쾌적한 야외활동을 도모하고자 하였다. 기상청의 RCP시나리오자료와 GIS공간분석기법을 통해 열쾌적성 지수인 PET를 산출한 결과, 대구광역시(33.65)가 여름철 열적스트레스가 가장 높은 지역으로 나타났으며, 봉화군(28.44)은 PET값이 낮게 나타나 타 지역에 비해 여름철 열적스트레스가 낮은 것으로 평가되었다. 지역별 특성에 따라 영남지역을 광역시, 대도시, 도 농촌형, 농촌형으로 구분하여 산출된 PET값을 비교해 본 결과, 창녕군, 함안군, 고령군 등은 농촌형 지역임에 불구하고 PET값이 높게 나타났는데, 타 농촌지역에 비해 녹지면적이 현저히 낮은 것으로 분석되었다. 다음으로 산출된 PET값에 따라 군집분석을 통해 영남지역을 분류한 결과 열쾌적성이 높은 등급일수록 시설지역 면적율은 낮고, 녹지지역 면적율은 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 통해 구축된 열쾌적성 평가도는 영남지역의 열쾌적성을 정량적으로 평가함으로써 기후변화에 대응 가능한 도시계획에 적극적으로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 전자공학회논문지CI
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.102-109
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• 2008

본 논문은 다중경로 페이딩 채널 조건에서 사전 정보없이 입사하는 디지털 신호 10종의 변조형태를 고정확도로 인식할 수 있도록 고차 통계량(HOS)과 웨이브릿 변환(WT)에서 선정된 특징(key features)을 이용한 견실한 하이브리드 분류기를 제안하였다. 제안된 분류기는 실제 시나리오를 고려하여 다양한 다중경로 환경(즉, 농촌, 소도시, 도심지역)에서 측정된 채널 데이터를 이용하였다. 실제 측정된 다중경로 페이딩 채널 데이터를 이용하여 Holdout-like 방식으로 총 15개 채널 중 9개 채널은 트레이닝용으로 사용하고, 나머지 6개 채널은 테스트용으로 사용하였다. 제안된 분류기는 다중경로 환경에서 높은 변별력을 유지하는 HOS 특징을 기반으로 구현되었고, AMA(Alphabet Matched Algorithm) 또는 MMA(Multi-modulus Algerian)와 같은 등화기법의 적용없이 분류가 어렵다고 알려진 MQAM신호(M=16, 64, 256)들에 대해서만 WT 특징을 적용하였다. 선정된 특징들을 이용한 변조인식은 입력공간에서 최대 마진을 갖는 하이퍼 공간으로 매핑시킴으로서 분류 능력이 우수하다고 알려진 SVM 메소드를 적용하여 시뮬레이션을 실시하였다. 제안된 분류기의 성능은 트레이닝 채널과 테스트 채널에서 WT 또는 HOS 특징만을 단독으로 사용하는 분류기에 비해 현저한 성능 향상을 보였고, 특히, MQAM 신호의 인식률은 낮은 SNR레벨에서도 거의 완전하게 분류되었다.