• Journal of odor and indoor environment
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.303-314
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• 2018

The urban railway system is a convenient public transportation system, as it carries many people without increasing traffic congestion. However, air quality in urban railway environments is worse than ambient air quality due to the internal location of the source of air pollutants and the isolated space. In this paper, characteristics of particulate matter (PM) pollution in urban railway environments are described from the perspective of diurnal variation, chemical composition and source apportionment of PM. PM concentrations in concourse, platform, passenger cabin, and tunnel are summarized through an analysis of 34 journal articles published in Korea and overseas. This information will be helpful in developing effective policies to reduce PM pollution in urban railway environments.

• Journal of Urban Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.35-39
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• 2019

With the rapid progress of society and economic growth, more and more factories are put into construction, although to a certain extent to promote the development of our country's economy, but the waste gas and waste water produce also harm the environment.Among them, air pollution causes great damage to the environment and harms human health.In order to protect people's safety and health, people began to look for some measures to control air pollution, one of the most effective way is to plant more green plants, using plants for air purification.

• Journal of Urban Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.31-44
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• 2020

This study aims to analyze the relations among greenbelt, air pollution empirically in order to assess the environmental effects of the greenbelt in the Seoul metropolitan area, objectively. For this purpose, this study conducts an empirical analysis of impacts of greenbelt on urban air pollution using a multiple-regression model. The major findings are summarized as follows. As a result of an empirical analysis of the impacts of greenbelt on air pollution, it is found that the characteristics of the city have impacts on air pollution concentration. It is found that the population and employment are the causes of increases in CO and NO2 concentrations, and the number of employees in the manufacturers has impacts on increases of O3 and SO2, while power plants have impacts on PM10, CO and NO2. Intersections have impacts on O3 and SO2, while the areas of the roads have impacts on CO and NO2. In addition, as for the spatial distribution of air pollutants, it is found that CO and NO2 concentrations are relatively higher in the center of the Seoul metropolitan area, while PM10, O3 and SO2 concentrations are relatively higher in the suburbs. It is found that air pollution concentration is low in greenbelt zone. In the greenbelt zone, PM10, CO and SO2 concentrations are low.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.2 no.4 s.7
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• pp.40-47
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• 2002

Since it is important to understand the bio-climatic change in Seoul for ecological city planning in the future, this paper gives an overview on bio-climate analysis of urban environments at Seoul. We analyzed its characteristics in recent years using the observations of 24 of Automatic Weather Station (AWS) by Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA). In urbanization, Seoul metropolitan area is densely populated and is concentrated with high buildings. This urban activity changes land covering, which modifies the local circulation of radiation, heat and moisture, precipitation and creating a specific climate. Urban climate is evidently manifested in the phenomena of the increase of the air temperature, called urban heat Island and in addition urban sqall line of heavy rain. Since a city has its different land cover and street structure, these form their own climate character such as climate comfort zone. The thermal fold in urban area such as the heat island is produced by the change of land use and the air pollution that provide the bio-climate change of urban eco-system. The urban wind flow is the most important climate element on dispersion of air pollution, thermal effects and heavy shower. Numerical modeling indicates that the bio-climatic transition of wind wake in urban area and the dispersion of the air pollution by the simulations of the wind variation depend on the urban land cover change. The winds are separately simulated on small and micro-scale at Seoul with two kinds of kinetic model, Witrak and MUKLIMO.

• Journal of Urban Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.1-13
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• 2017

The air quality management in regional viewpoint was investigated for the improvement of national air pollution with various standard air pollutants. The focal region in this research is north-eastern region in asia where the many developing industries are located in neighboring countries. The major concerns were the trends of air quality in recent years and the state of environmental technologies and policies of air quality in each countries. The regional air quality management for the improvement of air pollution and the effective programs were suggested for the effective air quality management.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.49-53
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• 1991

Relations of urban heat island and air pollution are analyzed by using $SO_2$ concentration data (winter season in 1985) from 10 sites of Seoul area and differences of wind speed and air temperature in urban and rural area. Urban heat island is developed when daily mean wind speed at urban site is lower than 1.5m/sec or in the interval of 3.0 $\sim$ 3.5m/sec. When differences between urban and rural air temperature is greater than the overall average of those differences, $SO_2$ concentrations of those above-average differences are 1.3 $\sim$ 1.8 times higher than those of below-average differences. The trends are shown obviously at north-eastern area of Seoul (Gilum Dong, Ssangmun Dong, Myeonmog Dong). When intensity of Urban Heat Island is weak, $SO_2$ concentration was reduced in propotion to a rise of wind speed. But $SO_2$ concentration is on the partial increase in spite of a rise of wind speed when intensity of urban heat island is strong.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.102-108
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• 1996

Urban air pollution has been gradually increasing by the increase of population and vehicles recently. There are shown larger effects of air pollution in Incheon city which has more than 2 million people and has heavy holding amounts ratio of transportation vehicles as compared with other cities. However, it is very difficult to predict the air quality condition of their moving pollutants. Therefore, in this study air pollution measuring model was designed to estimate the air pollution level by line sources(transprtation vehicles ) of air pollutants and to detect the $NO_x$ emission amounts in ordinary times, and it became clear that it is functionally operative.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.229-236
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• 2010

As air pollution has emerged as one of the most pressing urban environmental concerns, many studies have investigated the influence of air pollutants(ex: $O^3$, $NO^2$, $SO^2$, Acid rain, etc.) on roadside trees and urban grove. In Korea, population density started to increase since the industrialization. Since dense population aggravates our living conditions, it's very important for us to preserve and keep a lively and refreshing nature in order to live with green nature in harmony under the current artificial environment-dominating world. In metropolitan cities, the production of pollutants increases in proportion to population growth. The vehicle exhaust gas and air pollutants from cooling and heating systems have been the major causes of acid rain. Furthermore, tire particles which are naturally produced by tire wearing on roads and other toxic substances in exhaust gas have caused a problem in human health directly and indirectly. In fact, a lot of studies have analyzed air pollution, roadside trees and plants in Korea. However, they are mostly limited to covering the influence of air pollution on the growth of plants. No paper has clearly explained why air pollution-resistant or-vulnerable species has shown different reactions yet. Even though a lot of urban roadside trees have died or stopped to grow from time to time, this kind of problem has not been properly examined. This paper is aimed to comparatively analyze physio-ecological characteristic such as photosynthesis, chlorophyll contents, soil volume water figure out their relationship with environmental factors against the expanding roadside trees in Cheong-ju, and provide basic data for management of roadside trees and elaboration of urban environment preservation policies.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.715-723
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• 2007

The air pollutant emission is mainly caused by line sources in urban area. For example, the annually totaled air pollutant emission is known to consist of about 80% of line sources in Daegu. Hence, the appropriate assessment on the air pollutants of line sources is very important for the atmospheric environmental management in urban area. In this study, we made a comparative study to evaluate suitable dispersion model for estimating the air pollution from line sources. Two air pollution dispersion models, ISCST3 and CALINE4 were the subject of this study. The results were as follows; In the assessment of air pollution model, ISCST3 was found to have 4 times higher concentration than CALINE4. In addition, actual data obtained by measurement and estimated values by CALINE4 were generally identical. The air pollution assessment based on ISC3 model produced significantly lower values than actual data. The air pollution levels estimated by ISCST3 were very low in comparison with the observational values.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.345-352
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• 2004

This study analyzes interrelationship with air pollution quality and land use patterns using GIS. The relationship can be obtained via three steps: (1) making out air pollution map from air pollution information of study area, (2) dividing land use patterns into residential area, commercial area, industrial area, traffic concentrated area, and non-polluted area, and (3) spatial overlaying analysis of GIS. Moreover, through analyzing air pollution quality by land use patterns, pollution sources can be identified. The results also coincide with the characteristics of conventional air pollution finding. More detailed analyses using articulated on site air pollution quality measurement databases are needed to correctly identify the pollution sources through finding interrelationship with land use patterns and air pollution Quality using GIS. The developed method can help trace the path of pollution sources and plan urban land use projects.