• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.485-490
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• 2004

Recently, distribution transfer velocity was extremely lowered by high supply rate of vehicle and low road rate. Therefore expansions of transfer network these were subway, road and railway to recover competitive power as a reform measure of physical distribution traffic were become preference previous subject. For reason of that, an expansion of transfer network is meeting competitive power as selected an elevated road in the ground road network that condition of location calm and get out of the existing urban than the underground road to connect oversensitive a large city and expanded small and medium satellite town. In the meantime, while elevated structures construct, they go through the civilian residential section, agriculture land, etc. The consequence is that it raises a vibration, noise, dust, an infringement of the right to a view and an infringement of the right to a sunshine. In this study, we analyzed Quantitatively sunshine quantity with building 3D simulation model of civil structure. Therefore, we present as planning data to reduce a civilian appeal for dispute of the right to sunshine and an economic and time loss between the government and construction company In addition to that, for the standard of the standard plan of usable sunshine quantity program in the practical business, the building of convenient user interface will be the project to be done.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.595-600
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• 2007

Greater expansion and more frequent operation of the railroad transportation system anticipated due to its characteristics including low cost, safety and mass transportation. Recently, effects on the railway structures due to expansion of newly constructed road, construction of subway, city gas pipeline, communication network, electric power network and construction of other railway underground crossing in accordance with urban planning and organization has influenced safe operation of trains. Accordingly, standard for selection of construction method that will enable construction of more economical and rational subway underground crossing structures by preventing problems occurring at the time of above construction works and accidents in safe operation of trains due to construction in advance is definitively necessary. Although there are numerous construction methods that can be applied at the time of construction of railway underground crossing, there are much difficulties in selection of appropriate construction method that considers characteristics of each construction method on non-excavation type construction method, train operation plan of number of operational routes and on-site circumstances. Therefore, this research aims to present rational standard for selection of construction method for such, and standard for slowdown speed and interception of train when passing the areas of slowdown in sectors under construction.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.167-171
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• 2014

TORANOMON HILLS is the main building of a large-scale re-development project located in the center of Tokyo. This high-rise building has a height of 247 m and 52 floors above ground, 5 floors below ground, and $62m{\times}80m$ in plan. It is used as hotel, residential facilities, offices, shops and conference facilities. The super structure is mainly a rigid steel frame with response-control devices, using concrete-filled steel tube columns. The underground section is a mixed structure composed of steel, steel-reinforced concrete and reinforced concrete framings. The piled-raft foundation type is used. The remarkable feature of this high-rise building is that the motorway runs through the basements of the building, which makes it stand just above the motorway. This condition is an important factor of the building design. The plan shape is designed to fit along the curve of the motorway. Special columns at the corners are required to avoid placing columns in the motorway. This special column is a single inclined column in the lower floors that branches into two columns in the mid-floors to suit the column location in the upper floors. The cast steel joint is used for the branching point of each special column to securely transfer the stress.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 2015

Current domestic research is to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiencies of flood prevention measures through one-dimensional numerical analysis and this study's object is to help water managers to make the efficient decisions by applying the two-dimensional urban run off model XP-SWMM model in the flooded area and comparing with the flood prevention measures. Statistics were analyzed, based on the data collected from Cheongju Weather Service from 1967 to 2011 for 45 years. 50 years Flood frequency simulations of water flow capacity analysis of the target area for flooded areas $539,548m^2$, inundation depth 1.0 m, was analyzed by inundation time of 48 minutes. When comparing with the constructions of bypass road and underground storage facilities to increase the water flow capacity of A1 small drainage areas as flood protection, if you install a batching target underground detention basin with a capacity of $13,500m^3$, it is expected that the flood by rainfall with frequency of 50 years will be resolved completely. In preparation for extreme weather in the future flood mitigation measures, underground storage tank installation is considered a better efficient way.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.135-148
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• 2013

Recently, road tunnels have become longer and the plans for long and deep road tunnel have been underway in urban areas. These long and deep tunnel excavations include NATM and TBM. Shield TBM is applied to around 80% of traffic tunnels in Europe, and approximately 30% of them in other developed countries. However, as much of equipment is imported from foreign countries at high prices and distribution rate of TBM tunnel is considerably low in Korea, NATM excavation method is commonly used. To increase TBM tunnel, it is necessary to do assure economic feasibility with the supply-demand of TBM equipment. For this, the selection of standardized TBM diameter is urgently needed. Therefore, the study aims to estimate the standardized optimum section properties of TBM by examining TBM excavation cross section utilization depending on the volume of traffic, the number of lane and its cross-section type(single or double deck), and ventilation system.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.29-41
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• 2021

Although underground works are essential to use underground spaces in urban areas efficiently, various damages caused by constructions have often occurred, making them major social problems. Since 2018, it is stipulated in the Special Act on Underground Safety Management that appropriate construction methods must be used in the design stage to prevent various damage cases. This Special Act includes establishing an area subject to underground safety impact assessment, analysis of ground and geological status, review of effects caused by changes in groundwater, review of ground safety, and establishment of measures to secure underground safety. This study area consists of various strata in order of landfill, sedimentary silt, sedimentary sand, sedimentary gravel, weathering zone, and foundation rock. Also, the slurry wall, a highly rigid underground continuous wall, was chosen as a construction method to consider high water table distribution and minimize the influence of the surroundings in this area. However, ground subsidence occurred on the road nearby in December 2019 due to the inflow of loosening soil to the construction area. Thus, several types of site investigations were conducted to suggest an appropriate analysis method and to find out loosed ground behavior and its area for the subsided site. As a result, new design soil properties were re-calculated, and the reinforcement measures were proposed through analytical verification.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.33 no.7
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• pp.43-53
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• 2017

Road subsidence, frequently occurring in urban areas, is caused by collapsing of surface layer due to underground cavities followed by a loss of soils. To better understand this phenomenon, the mechanism of cavity formation should be identified firstly. Two kinds of possible subsidence mechanisms were established through previous case studies and the numerical analyses based on Distinct Element Method were conducted for each of these mechanisms. It was confirmed that particle loss and surface settlement can develop differently depending on slit size, void ratio, and particle shape among the various factors influencing the road subsidence. The result demonstrated that the effects of varying cavity diameter and depth could be quantified as a damage chart.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.281-286
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• 2011

The west underground express way is a recent initiated BTO (Build-Transfer-Operate) project for releasing heavy traffic of the existing west express way which is notorious on-ground road for extremely traffic stuck area in the west of Seoul, South Korea. The new express way for light vehicles is the first double-deck tunnel ever designed in South Korea and 10.91 km long including both open cut structures and concrete lining with middle-deck in bored tunnel. Because the new express way is going through underground of heavily populated area, mechanical & electrical design for the safety of drivers in tunnel is one of the most important parts among many design issues. This paper discusses M & E design focuses including ventilation-evacuation plan and various safety facilities.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.283-290
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• 2016

Recent, the construction of the multi-purpose double-deck tunnel is required to solve the flood protection and congested area at urban city. The multi-purpose double-deck tunnel is desperately needed for the introduction of efficient utilization of underground space in addition to the main feature of road capabilities. A basic review was performed for site selection to consider the control capability and features of road tunnel at the same time, and the processable flow in accordance with tunnels cross section of double deck tunnel. Site Selection Criteria for multi-purpose use of the double-deck tunnel has been proposed through the site selection criteria by use of the tunnels review. Also the estimation processable flow was performed to review the versatility of double-deck tunnel due to design of tunnel cross-section. Site Selection of double-deck tunnel from this study can be seen the need for a complex consideration through a variety of analyzes.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.225-234
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• 2018

Domestic urban areas are experiencing serious traffic congestion problems due to continuous population growth and increased traffic volume. In order to solve the problem of traffic congestion, the study of great depth underground double deck tunnels using underground space is being actively carried out in the urban areas. The characteristics of great depth underground double deck tunnels are low in cross section, so the spread of fire smoke is expected to spread faster than the road tunnel in case of fire. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a fire smoke delay device which delays the spread of fire smoke when a fire occurs in a tunnels. In the previous study, the diffusion effect was analyzed according to the blocking area when the fire smoke spread delay device was operated through the 3D CFD in the study of preventing the smoke spread in the case of the tunnel fire. A study on fire smoke diffusion delay device using spring elasticity which is excellent in applicability to a tunnel and economical value is studied. In this study, fire smoke spread delay system was developed to fire smoke delay was experimentally analyzed. Fire smoke delay effect of fire smoke delay device appeared. Therefore, it is considered that the can minimize the damage of the victims when installed in the great depth underground double deck tunnels.