• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제42권3호
• /
• pp.276-283
• /
• 2009

Enrichment in nutrients coming from urban sewage outfalls can lead to eutrophication in coastal areas, which can also change the species composition and community structure of macro algal communities. We investigated the structure of the macro algal community within three rocky shores in order to assess any possible differences in their characteristics. Site 1 was located near Tongyeong city's sewage outfall, Site 2 was located near a public beach area, and Site 3 faced open channel of the Ocean. All three sites were located within the same stretch of the coast, where Site 2 was located between sites 1 and 3. We measured the nutrient concentration in water and the tissue nitrogen content in macro algae samples. Nutrients in the water column surrounding site 1 were high in ammonium ($30.2\pm1.8{\mu}M$), nitrate ($26.2{\pm}0.1{\mu}M$), and phosphate ($2.7{\pm}0.1{\mu}M$) content, and were characterized by low numbers of macroalgal species and species and a low species diversity index. In contrast, site 3 exhibited relatively low nutrient concentration levels and a high number of macroalgal species and a high species diversity index. Comparative analysis showed that the tissue nitrogen content of macroalgae were significantly (P<0.05) affected by the nutrient concentration in the water column. The tissue nitrogen content of green algae within site 1 was higher than the others sites. However, the tissue nitrogen content of brown algae was similar at all three sites. Thus, the tissue nitrogen content of macro algae and the macro algal community structure of intertidal rocky shores were dependent on location and the performance of macroalgal communities was dependent on water quality.

• 한국약용작물학회지
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.91-94
• /
• 2005

Plants have been known to accumulate a very diverse range of triterpene saponins. We have investigated the regulation of saponin biosynthesis in higher plants using Centella asiatica (L.) Urban as a model plant. Effects of a feeding precursor on asiaticoside production from leaves and on the level of two-type OSCs mRNA were investigated. As a feeding precursor, squalene negatively affected the levels of CYS and bAS mRNA, but it also decreased the production of asiaticoside from whole plants. Plant hormones regulate secondary metabolism, and in plant tissue cultures they could affect both culture growth and secondary metabolite production. Although enhancement of asiaticoside production from whole plant cultures by addition of TDZ (thidiazuron) has been reported, the positive effect of TDZ on the levels of OSCs transcripts was not observed.

• 교육시설
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.26-37
• /
• 2008

Because the university campuses in Seoul have changed to the urban campus type that the boundary of the campus is close to the urban tissue, the relationship between local societies and universities has got more important than before. Recently, through the support of Seoul metropolitan government, some projects for activating campus towns in Seoul have been proceeded. There are two distinctive projects. One is the campus fence afforestation project, and another is the district unit plan for the physical environment improvement of commercial streets around the campus in Seoul. The goal of this study is to analyze the government-university-community partnership for implementation of these two projects related to the model projects and the Hanyang university campus town as the exemplary government-university-community partnership, and to make practical application of other campus town projects to need the harmonious partnership between university neighborhoods and universities.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
• /
• 제34권3호
• /
• pp.93-104
• /
• 2018

This study is about occurrence pattern of vacant spaces as a urban decline indicator to consider a decline of old hillside residential area from spatial structure perspective. For investigation based upon vacant space and the street structure, this study selects Ami Chojang-dong in Seo-gu, Busan, of which 79.7% of total area is over a gradient of $10^{\circ}$. Focused on relationship between occurrence pattern of vacant spaces and 'vertical alleys(link)' serving as main movement path of local residents in hillside residential area, the length, numbers, slopes, and use characteristic of vertical alleys were analyzed using Arc GIS 9.3 program to classify characteristic zone types of spacial structure in hillside residential area. After the occurrence pattern of vacant space are interpreted in relation with building density, vertical alleys' number length slope, the social and economic issues have been considered as well. After analyzing the occurrence pattern of vacant space, this study argues that the occurrence pattern of vacant space in old hillside residential area is rather affected by street structure system consisting of vertical alleys than the impacts of social economical issues.

• 건축역사연구
• /
• 제31권2호
• /
• pp.19-26
• /
• 2022

This study tries to find out the commonalities and differences during the 20th century between the characteristics of Hanyang Sijeon revealed in previous studies by identifying the location of the Sijeon (market zones) installed in Namdaega, Gaeseong, the relationship between lots and streets, and the characteristics of the building arrangements. As a result, the integrated structure of the front and the doga, the market structures of Gaeseong, which have been passed down since the Goryeo Dynasty, influenced and developed those of Hanyang. In particular, additional furnaces were installed in the front, which led to the birth of Pimat-gil alleys. In determining the size of urban space, the scale of Gaeseong City was also applied to Hanyang, which became the basis for determining lots and roads around the market zones.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.29-37
• /
• 2000

Background and Objectives : The concentration of sulfur dioxide($SO_2$) gas in the ambient air appears increasing in the industry and urban area day by day. It was known that $SO_2$ is noxious gas. $SO_2$ can be irritating to the eyes, nose, throat, upper respiratory tract and skin. It produces sulfurous acid on contact with water and is extremely irritating to the nasopharynx and respiratory tract. Laminin is a family of extracellular matrix glycoproteins localized in the basement membrane that separates epithelial cells from the underlying stroma. The biological activities of laminin are to promote cell migration, wound healing, growth and differentiation. Meterials and Methods : The histologic changes and the expression of laminin in tracheal mucosa sacrificed at every weeks (to 7 weeks) after continued $SO_2$ exposure of 250ppm for 30 minutes a day were studied in rats. Results : Pathologic tissue was formed at the tracheal mucosa and the underlying tissue by the infiltration of monocytes and epithelium was transformed to the single cell layered epithelium above 5 weeks after exposure. At the 6 weeks after exposure, epithelial cells were partially lost and epithelial cell layer was transformed to be leaf-shaped. Submucosal tissue was transformed to be lymphatic tissue. An intense positive staining for laminin was found in apical cytoplasm and lateral surface of the normal epithelial cells and basement membrane but at the 5 and 6 weeks after exposure, laminin activity was decreased to the moderate activity. At the 7 weeks after exposure, laminin activity was decreased to the weak activity. Conclusion : Our finding suggests that $SO_2$ makes histologic damage on the tracheal mucosa and decreases immunoreactivity for laminin. Longer duration of the exposure of $SO_2$ makes more histologic damage on the tracheal mucosa and decreases immunoreactivity for laminin.

• 대한환경공학회지
• /
• 제34권8호
• /
• pp.517-522
• /
• 2012

본 연구에서는 오 폐수의 처리에 있어서 천연제올라이트 및 맥반석을 활용하여 오 폐수의 응집 및 흡착 메커니즘에 적용하여 수처리제로서의 타당성을 검토하고자 하였다. Jar test를 이용한 응집 전 후의 $COD_{Cr}$의 제거율을 평가하였다. 맥반석과 천연제올라이트를 수처리제로써 주입량을 400~1,200 g/L로 변화시켜 처리한 결과 $COD_{Cr}$ 최종제거율은 별 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 맥반석과 천연제올라이트를 $600^{\circ}C$로 소결하여서 도시하수를 처리할 경우 $COD_{Cr}$제거율이 각각 15%, 3%정도 상승하였다. 또한 맥반석과 천연제올라이트를 혼합하여 미용화장지 폐수처리에 적용하였으며, 또 다른 폐수처리제로서의 가능성을 검토하였다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제33권4호
• /
• pp.477-483
• /
• 2000

Objectives : To obtain reference values for the pulmonary asbestos and non-asbestos fiber contents of residents in Korea and to compare them with similar results from Japan. Methods : The autopsied lung specimens from 22 deceased people (20 males and 2 females) in Pohang, without any known occupational history of asbestos exposure, were analyzed for incidence of asbestos and non-asbestos fibers by transmission electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis after using low temperature ashing procedures. Results : Chrysotite fiber (46.2%) was the major fiber type found in the lungs of the subjects. The asbestos fiber concentrations found in males and females were $0.09\times10^6$ fiberss(g of dry lungs) and $0.30\times10^6$ fibers/(g of dry lungs), respectively, showing a geometric mean concentration $0.09\times10^6$ fibers/(g of dry lung tissue), due to the predominance of males in the sample. The non-asbestos fiber contents in males and females were $4.61\times10^6$ fibers/(g of dry lungs) and $17.79\times10^6$ fibers/(g of dry lungs), respectively, with a geometric mean concentration $5.21\times10^6$ fibers/(g of dry lung tissue). Conclusions : Residents in Pohang had significantly lower levels of both asbestos and non-asbestos fibers than urban residents in Korea. Furthermore, Koreans had significantly lower levels of both asbestos and non-asbestos fibers than Japanese.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.25-33
• /
• 1992

Most of oriental medical care resources such as doctors and facilities are distributed in urban areas and approximately ten percent of them is in rural areas. However the aged population of over 60 years old in rural areas is higher than that in urban and these aged population prefer more oriental medical care than the other age group. Therefore, the government planned to carry out the oriental medical care demonstration project in a designated rural areas in 1990. The study was carried out to find out the utilization pattern of medical care and consumers attitude toward oriental medical care treatment provided by health centers. The interview survey was applied to collect the data and 187 patients, who visited to health centers to receive care in 1991, were selected by random sampling. The study results obtained were as follows : 1) Among the 187 respondents, male was 31.6% and female, 68.4%. 2) 73.8% of the respondents were the age of over 45 years old. 3) For the motivation of visiting the health center to receive oriental medical care, 37.4% of the respondents visited purposely according to announcement of oriental medical care and 26.2% of them made a decision by themself 20.3% of them was recommended by the neighbors. 4) The most frequent symptoms surveyed were the disease of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue. 5) By the subjective judgement of the respondents from the result of the oriental medical treatment, recovered or improved cases represent 69.5%. It is considered that the oriental medical care was acceptable, and also the respondents were satisfied with the oriental medical care in terms of kindness of oriental medical doctors, treatment time and expenses of care.

• 한국전통조경학회지
• /
• 제31권2호
• /
• pp.82-91
• /
• 2013

본 연구는 서울시 성북구 성북동을 대상으로 근대 이후 문화재와 주변 경관 변화과정 및 원인을 사회 문화적인 측면에서 설명하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 1962년부터 2010년까지 사용한 폐쇄지적도를 이용하여 필지를 분석하고, 문헌자료를 참고하여 연구하였다. 시대별 변화과정 확인이 가능한 성락원, 마포최사영고택, 서울선잠단지, 서울한양도성을 위주로 변화과정을 추적하였으며, 문화재의 소경관(素景觀)을 검토하고 필지 변화와 함께 경관변천을 분석하였다. 성락원은 1954년에 송석정과 연못이 조성된 모습을 소경관이라 볼 수 있으며, 마포최사영고택은 2003년 이후 성북동으로 이전 복원한 것, 서울선잠단지는 1960년대 개발로 현재의 터만 남게 된 모습을, 서울한양도성은 숙종30년에 석성으로 개축한 것을 각 문화재의 소경관으로 정의하였다. 성락원은 제도적 요인에 의해 변화가 생겼고, 마포최사영고택과 주변 경관은 사회경제적 요인에 의해 변화가 생겼으며, 서울 선잠단지와 그 주변은 사회경제적 제도적 요인에 의해, 서울한양도성과 그 주변은 기술적 제도적 요인에 의해 변화가 생겼다고 볼 수 있다. 이처럼 성북동의 문화재와 그 주변경관은 대체로 제도적 요인과 사회경제적 요인에 의해 변화가 생기는 것을 알 수 있었다. 근대 이후 서울의 도시계획이 성북동에도 영향을 미쳤으리라 예상되며, 자본주의 경제체제 확립이 그 배경이 된 것이라 판단된다. 따라서 문화자원으로서의 잠재적 가치를 인식한 바람직한 경관변화가 이루어지길 기대한다.