• Atmosphere
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.417-427
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to build urban canopy model (Met Office Reading Urban Surface Exchange Scheme, MORUSES) based to Unified Model (UM) by using urban building information data in Seoul, and then to compare the improving urban canopy model simulation result with that of Seoul Automatic Weather Station (AWS) observation site data. UM-MORUSES is based on building information database in London, we performed a sensitivity experiment of UM-MOURSES model using urban building information database in Seoul. Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis of 1.5 km resolution Seoul building data is applied instead of London building information data. Frontal-area index and planar-area index of Seoul are used to calculate building height. The height of the highest building in Seoul is 40m, showing high in Yeoido-gu, Gangnam-gu and Jamsil-gu areas. The street aspect ratio is high in Gangnam-gu, and the repetition rate of buildings is lower in Eunpyeong-gu and Gangbuk-gu. UM-MORUSES model is improved to consider the building geometry parameter in Seoul. It is noticed that the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of wind speed is decreases from 0.8 to 0.6 m s^-1 by 25 number AWS in Seoul. The surface air temperature forecast tends to underestimate in pre-improvement model, while it is improved at night time by UM-MORUSES model. This study shows that the post-improvement UM-MORUSES model can provide detailed Seoul building information data and accurate surface air temperature and wind speed in urban region.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.33-47
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• 1997

The purpose of the study is to examine the differences between rural and urban in the factors and the level of stress in adolescent, inner control and communication with parents. Also, It is to research the influence of environmental variables, inner control and communication with parents on adolescent's stress in sides of rural and urban. Therefore, I provide needed data in instructing students. For the data set, academic high school students in second grade in a town for rural and Su-Seung gu, Dal-Sugu, chung gu in Dae-gu for urban were chosen. The data were analyzed with the frequency, percentage, factor analysis Mean, S.D, reliability, t-test, regression in use of Spss PC+ Program. The main results are as follow. First, for rural students, stress level is displayed studies, future0affair, life-attitude, companions, self-assurance and home life in order by lower sphere. For urban students, it is displayed future-affair, studies, life-attitude, companions, self-assurance and home life in order by lower shpere. In case of rural "I don't know effective study method" is highly displayed by factors. In case of urban. "I am tired of a competitive life" is highly displayed. The mean of stress level is 3.22 for rural and 3.07 for urban. The differences between rural and urban are showed in self-assurance, studies and companions. Finally when we see the stress generally the stress level is higher in rural high school students than in urban high school students. Second, rural students are lower displayed than urban students in inner control and communication with parents. There is no difference urban students in inner control and communication with parents. There is no difference in communication with a mother. third, influential variables on stress level are inner control, communication with parents, satisfaction with companions and school life as environmental variables in sides of rural and urban. Physical condition is added for rural and sex for urban Finally we get the result that stress level is high in low inner control, poor communication with parents, bad companions and unsatisfied school life for both rural and urban. Bad physical condition for rural and female for urban are added.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.1005-1005
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the potential application of TERRA-ASTER data in Thailand. ASTER VNIR, SWIR and TIR data covering greater Bangkok and Chiangmai province were processed with various techniques in the spatial domain to study the applicability to various disciplines. ASTER data was also combined with other satellite data in order to utilize multi-sensor methods. It was found that VNIR data can clearly identify urban pattern including road network and vegetation index. While SWIR and TIR data can well separate between urban and non urban area and TIR data can differentiate among thermal surfaces. Furthermore, dense urban areas such as central business area could be highlighted. Land utilization, vegetable distribution and differences of temperature distribution were investigated.

• Architectural research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.45-56
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• 2012

The high rate of urban crime is a main issue that needs to be dealt with in this high-tech society. With the rapid increase of urban crime, research has mainly focused on topics either on a global or a local scale, such as cities or communities and houses or buildings, without reliable observational data. This study makes the best use of the nationwide surveys carried out by Korean government agencies for the analysis of urban crime patterns and factors in major Korean cities. The aims of this research are threefold: understanding the relationship between urban crime patterns and socio-economic differences in cities, determining the effect of residence types on the urban crime patterns; and uncovering potential influential factors of a crime victim's individual characteristics. The statistical methods used for the analysis of social statistical data are as follows: simple regression, logistic regression, one-way ANOVA and post-hoc test. This research found that the patterns of urban crime rate in cities have a certain tendency toward the cities' socio-economic and geographical differences. The residence type is an influential factor showing a close relation to the crime rate. Personal issues, such as the types of occupation, education, marriage, etc., are directly relevant to victims of crime.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.465-475
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• 2016

This study was conducted to provide basic data regarding the safety of Hwaseong for women. Data regarding sexual violence awareness and damages were collected from 514 women aged 20 to 65 living in Hwaseong. The results were then compared with national survey data from the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family in 2010 and 2013. Hwaseong is a wide city composed of an urban and urban-rural complex. Data were analyzed to identify regional differences between urban and urban-rural complexes and educational differences between below college graduates and above university graduates. The ratios of awareness of sexual violence behavior, laws, and services were somewhat lower than the 2013 national research ratios. Second, women in the urban-rural complex showed a higher awareness of sexual violence behaviors and higher level of sexual violence myths. Third, the tendencies of sexual violence damages were similar to the 2013 national research. Fourth, women with higher education showed a higher level of sexual violence myths and a higher ratio of sexual violence damage.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.217-233
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• 2020

This study evaluated the urban vitality of Daegu metropolitan city in 2018 using emerging geographic data such as spatial big data, Wi-Fi AP(access points) and nighttime light satellite image. The emerging geographic data were used in this research to quantify human activities in the city more directly at various spatial and temporal scales. Three spatial big data such as mobile phone data, credit card data and public transport smart card data were employed to reflect social, economic and mobility aspects of urban vitality while public Wi-Fi AP and nighttime light satellite image were included to consider virtual and physical aspects of the urban vitality. With PCA (Principal Component Analysis), five indicators were integrated and transformed to the urban vitality index at census output area by temporal slots. Results show that five clusters with high urban vitality were identified around downtown Daegu, Daegu bank intersection and Beomeo intersection, Seongseo, Dongdaegu station and Chilgok 3 district. Further, the results unveil that the urban vitality index was varied over the same urban space by temporal slots. This study provides the possibility for the integrated use of spatial big data, Wi-Fi AP and nighttime light satellite image as proxy for measuring urban vitality.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.69-88
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• 2023

Efficient spatial planning is one of the necessary factors to successfully respond to climate change. And researchers often use LULC(Land-Use/Cover) data to conduct land use and spatial planning research. However, LULC data has a limited number of grades related to urban surface, so each different urban structure appearing in several cities is not easily analyzed with existing land cover products. This limitation of land cover data seems to be overcome through LCZ(Local Climate Zone) data used in the urban heat island field. Therefore, this study aims to first discuss whether LCZ data can be applied not only to urban heat island fields but also to other fields, and secondly, whether LCZ data still have problems with existing LULC data. Research methodology is largely divided into two categories. First, through literature review, studies in the fields of climate, land use, and urban spatial structure related to LCZ are synthesized to analyze what research LCZ data is currently being used, and how it can be applied and utilized in the fields of land use and urban spatial structure. Next, the GIS spatial analysis methodology is used to analyze whether LCZ still has several errors that are found in the LULC.

• International Journal of Railway
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.33-44
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• 2013

In recent years, energy consumption in the transportation sector by expanding motorization continues to increase in almost every country in the world. Moreover, the growth rate of the transportation energy consumption is significantly higher than those of the civilian and industrial sectors. Therefore, every country strives to reduce its dependence on private transport, which is the main contributor to the transportation energy consumption. In many countries, concepts such as Transit Oriented Development (TOD) or New Urbanism, which controls road traffic by increasing the proportion of the public transportation significantly, have been implemented to encourage a modal shift to public transport. However, the level of change required for eliminating environmental problems is a challenging task. Minimizing transportation energy consumption by controlling the increase of the traffic demand and maintaining the level of urban mobility simultaneously is a pressing dilemma for each city. Grasping the impact of the diversity of the urban transport and infrastructure is very important to improve transportation energy efficiency. However, the potential for reducing urban transportation energy consumption has often been ineffectively demonstrated by the diversity of cities. Therefore, the accuracy of evaluating the current efficiency rate of the urban energy consumption is necessary. Nevertheless, quantitative analyses related to the efficiency of transportation energy consumption are scarce, and the research on the current condition of consumption efficiency based on international quantitative analysis is almost nonexistent. On the basis of this background problem definitions, this research first built a database of the transportation energy consumption of private modes in 119 cities, with an attempt to reflect individual travel behaviors calculated by Person Trip data. Subsequently, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used as an assessment method to evaluate the efficiency of transportation energy consumption by considering the diversity of the urban traffic features in the world cities. Finally, we clarified the current condition of consumption efficiency by attempting to propose a target values for improving transportation energy consumption.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2004.05b
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• pp.1321-1325
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• 2004

The continuous monitoring of the runoff in the small-scaled urban watershed and easily accessible experiment catchment is necessary to investigate the overall status of the development in the urban catchment and the varying aspects of the discharge characteristics due to the urbanization. However, the research on the management and the characteristics of the small-scaled model basin for discharge tests has not been actively performed up to now. This study selects the Dong-Eui university basin, which locates at Gaya-dong in Busan, as the experiment catchment to monitor the discharge rate in the urban watershed. EMS(DEMS, DATA-PCS EMS, mini rain gage & AWS(AWS-DEU, DATA-PCS AWS) monitoring system installed for the collection of hydrological data such as the rainfall and the waterlevel. This experiment catchment is the typical urban catchment and is under development, and it is possible to analyze the varying aspects of the discharge rate during and after the development.

• Journal of Urban Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.17-31
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• 2020

This study aims to analyze the relations among greenbelt, urban land surface temperature empirically in order to assess the environmental effects of the greenbelt in the Seoul metropolitan area, objectively. For this purpose, this study conducts an empirical analysis of impacts of greenbelt on urban land surface temperature using a multiple-regression model. The main data employed in the analysis include real-time air pollution data, Landsat 8-OLI Landsat imagery data, KLIS data and Jip-gye-gu data. The major findings are summarized as follows. NDVI has a negative (-) correlation with the land surface temperature, and the urban temperature is high in areas with poor vegetation. The land surface temperature is low in residential or commercial areas, while the temperature is high in industrial areas. The temperature is low in green fields, open spaces, and river areas. it is found that the urban land surface temperature is low in the greenbelt zone. In the greenbelt zone, there is an effect that reduces the land surface temperature by 1% on average, as compared to that at the center of the Seoul metropolitan area. Especially, the center of the Seoul metropolitan area, in a range from 0.6% to 1.9% of the average temperature, the temperature gets lower up to approximately 3km from the greenbelt boundary.