• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.132-141
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• 2016

For those with disabilities, the residential area is the primary place to adapt the disabilities. Since the quality of the area gives a critical impact on their quality of life, it is essential to finding the measures to create the residential environment that supports their independence. In this regard, this study aimed to compare and analyze the interior elements of the houses that hinder the independence of the physically handicapped in the rural and urban areas, and conducted a survey on a total of 80 physically challenged in Seoul and Yeongwol (40 for each area). As a result, the respondents answered that the houses where they are currently living are hindering their independence regardless of area, and there were regional differences in the level of inconvenience with the size of living room, size of utility room, location of room, lighting and heating environment, ventilation system, deteriorated wallpapers and finishing materials, threshold and floor level difference and humidity control. This study has significance by providing the realistic measures to improve the housing environment of the physically challenged living in the rural and urban areas to be customized to them to increase their quality of life.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.71-74
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• 2017

Urbanization is a major driver of global amphibian declines. For the study on the effect of urbanization on amphibians, we compared the growth and the health status of Hyla japonica amphibians collected in the urban areas of Incheon and in the rural area of Gapyeong, Korea. The size and weight of Hyla japonica body in the urban area were smaller than those in the rural area. However, there was no significant difference in their condition factors as a health indicator between the two areas. Our study emphasizes the need for research into the specific mechanism of effects of urbanization on amphibian heath status for the further understanding of the relationship between urbanization and amphibians.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.27-36
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• 2008

Rapid increase of aging population and progressed migration from rural areas to urban areas have caused deficit of bus routes in local cities. This increasing burden of operation deficit affects the movement strategy of the transportation vulnerable who are using buses. Along with dramatically increased aging in Korea, there is an urgent need to implement a new method which can guarantee mobility rights of public transportation especially for the elderly. This study focuses on the case of Demand Responsive Transit(DRT) system that has been operating in America, Europe, Japan, etc. Kimhae(Sangdong-myeon and Saengnim-myeon) is selected as a study area. This study investigated the possibility of adopting DRT system on the perspectives of the consumer and provider by the analysis of traffic condition such as the number of transportation vehicles, present bus service and regulation and conduct of questionnaire survey which includes present bus service and DRT system and so on. In conclusion, DRT system in Kimhae city will reduce transport cost, increase affordability through the betterment of service level and secure mobility rights for the transportation vulnerable.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
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• no.55
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• pp.5-30
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• 2017

This study aims to analyze the influence of network of elderly with his or her non cohabiting children on their depression and its regional differences between urban and rural areas. The analysis is based on the sample of 1,609 elderly of 65 and above (1,011 Urban residents and 598 Rural residents) from the third time span(year 2010) to the fifth time span(year 2014) collected by the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing, whose research conducted by Korea Employment Information Service. First, it is found that rural elderly are more likely to suffer from depression than urban elderly. Second, it is found that rural elderly have on average a bigger number of non cohabiting children in their network, whereas geographical proximity and frequency in meeting, and economic support is stronger upon urban elderly. Third, urban elderly tend to suffer from depression as the frequency of phone calls with their non cohabiting children increases with time, and as the frequency of meeting and relationship satisfaction is decreases with time, whereas rural elderly tend to suffer from depression as their geographical proximity with their non cohabiting children is decreases with time. Based on the results of this analysis, this study further suggests practical policy interventions to prevent elderly depression.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.159-169
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• 2016

In recent years, the population structure has been changed by the progresses of 6th-industrialization and transportation in farming areas. This study aims to suggest a regional development plan of farming areas in accordance with the demographic changes. Population structure indicators were derived from previous studies and literature review in order to identify the types of farming areas. Demographic indicators separated to depopulation and population growth in farming areas through a standardized scoring method. This research found that the division of economy is not only the most important division in any other regional development divisions but also necessary to develop new sources of non-farm income through traditional culture, natural environment. In the social division, it is necessary to secure the facilities for the formation of a sense of community to multicultural families and existing residents in farming areas. In the environmental division, it is desirable to improve the quality and satisfaction of life for residents such as the sidewalk and park that utilize ecological environment, culture, history for both depopulation and population region. In the physical division, there is a need for improvement of the facilities of basic living infrastructure service such as roads, water supply and sewerage systems. In the institution division, sustainable financial support of the central government policy for farming areas is crucial for the improvement of residential environment in the farming areas of depopulation and population region.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.118-129
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• 1990

Socioeconomic status in this county progressed rapidly, this has brought about many changes in health care fields, namely, pattern of disease prevalence and morbidity, increase of the aged people, and also availability of health care in rural areas. According to the utilization study of medical care, it showed that the oriental medicine is used for the treatment of lasted chronic disease not the minor and common diseases which is quick in its effect. Particularly, in rural areas. prevalence of chronic disease is higher than that in urban areas. Although the health cafe need of the oriental medicine is high in rural areas, the distribution of manpower and facilities is lower than that in urban areas. Therefore the government has planned to implement the demonstration project for the oriental medicine at the designated 3 health centers in rural areas. The purpose of this study was to collect the utilization level of oriental medical care of the people in rural areas. To meet the purpose of this study, patient interview were applied. 790 patients visited to health center in project areas were selected and analyzed by experienced interviewers from 2 April to 21 April 1990. The major findings of this study were as follows ; 1) Of the 790 patients, 32.6 percent of the respondents had experience of using the oriental medicine. As for the utilization by age and sex. 54.8% of those was female and 70.7% was 40 years of age and more. 2) Reaction to the question of educational achievement showed that on schooling and primary school graduates accounted for 63.1%. 3) The most user of oriental medicine resides in country level, where the health center is located, and 80 percent of those users resides within 10Km. 4) More than 50% of the total was the chronic diseases which lingered for more than 3months. 5) 32.6 percent of the total cases used the oriental medicine. 61.2% among those was treated by oriental medical care hospital and 38.8% by oriental drug dispensaries etc. 6) The contont of oriental medical care varied ; 50.1% for prescription of herb drugs for treatment, 25.1% for health maintenance and 23.9% for acupuncture, moxibustion etc. 7) As for the motivation for using the oriental medicine. 56.6% of the respondents was for treatment of diseases and 27.9% wes for strengthening the physical weakness. 8) As for the effectiveness of the oriental medicine. 70.3% of the total cases satisfied with that treatment and 84.2% of the total cases will use the oriental medicine when is provided by health center.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.93-100
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• 2016

Land price can be affected by convenience or psychological repulsion like PIMFY (Please In My Front Yard) or NIMBY (Not In My Back Yard) for various facilities. Services related to public establishment, welfare, medical attention, and amenities in rural areas are comparatively poorer than those in urban areas. The purpose of this study is to estimate the implications of the accessibility to community facilities in rural areas for land prices using a hedonic price model. The accessibility to facilities is estimated by real road distances and the land prices are applied for four types of land usages: field, rice paddy, building lots, and village halls. Community facilities are classified from public and community services view: education, safety, culture, transport, environment, health care, and finance. The results show that the accessibility to health care and transport can positively affect land prices and the accessibility to environment (waste facilities and junkyard) and unpleasant services (funeral hall and charnel house) can negatively affect land prices. Especially, the accessibility to hospital is the most positive influential factor for all types of land usages.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.82-98
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• 1987

The urban population in Asia more than doubled between 1960 and 1985, growing by 3.0 percent per annum on average. Yet during that period, the proportion of the total population living in urban areas increased only from 21 to 27 percent. This seeming paradox is explained by the relatively high rates of rural population growth in Asia, which averaged 1.8 percent over the same period. The Republic of Korea has experienced the most rapid rate of urbanization in Asia during the past century. The proportion urban jumped from 28 percent in 1960 to 65 percent in 1985. There is a clear association between economic growth and the pace of urbanization in Asia. Currently natural increase accounts for about 60 percent of urban growth, but the speed of urbanization is projected to increase after 1990, and migration, reclassification and annexation will comprise about half of urban growth, Seoul is currently the fourth largest urban agglomeration in Asia, and its population is projected to be over 13 million by the end of the century. It is argued that policies to deconcentrate urban population will not be generally successful in Asia and that governments should attempt to manage the growth of large metropolitan areas more efficiently.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.6797-6802
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• 2013

Background: Prevalence of tobacco use is higher in the rural than urban areas of India. Unlike tobacco cessation clinics located in urban areas, community-based smoking cessation intervention has the potential to reach a wider section of the community to assist in smoking cessation in the rural setting. The present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a cessation intervention in rural Kerala state, India. Materials and Methods: Current daily smoking resident males in the age group 18-60 years from four community development blocks in rural Kerala were randomly allocated to intervention and control groups. The intervention group received multiple approaches in which priority was given to face-to-face interviews and telephone counselling. Initially educational materials on tobacco hazards were distributed. Further, four rounds of counselling sessions were conducted which included a group counselling with a medical camp as well as individual counselling by trained medical social workers. The control group received general awareness training on tobacco hazards along with an anti-tobacco leaflet. Self-reported smoking status was assessed after 6 and 12 months. Factors associated with tobacco cessation were estimated using binomial regression method. Results: Overall prevalence of smoking abstinence was 14.7% in the intervention and 6.8% in the control group (Relative risk: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.05, 3.25). A total of 41.3% subjects in the intervention area and 13.6% in the control area had reduced smoking by 50% or more at the end of 12 months. Lower number of cigarettes/ bidi used, low nicotine dependence and consultation with a doctor for a medical ailment were the statistically significant predictors for smoking cessation. Conclusions: Rigorous approaches for smoking cessation programmes can enhance quit rates in smoking in rural areas of India.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.779-794
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• 2016

In this study, a functional vegetable garden model is proposed for vegetable gardening users in urban areas to grow different vegetables for various purposes. H vegetable garden user(uneducated) and Y vegetable garden user(educated) urban vegetable gardening users were provided with the functional vegetable garden model and allowed to manage their allocated gardens directly. As the issues raised by the field work and its associated solutions were investigated, the opinions from each group were compared and analyzed. The conclusions are as follows. First, according to the usage survey for vegetable gardening, both groups responded that they had mostly cultivated vegetables. Second, with regard to the kinds of vegetables cultivated in autumn, both groups chose the vegetables required for producing Kimchi. Third, both groups responded that their interest in growing various plants was the major motivation to start gardening. Fourth, regarding the inclusion of flowers and herbs in the functional vegetable garden, more than 90% of the members of both groups responded that the level of the inclusion was appropriate or could be higher.