• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.12
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• pp.1446-1457
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• 2016

Wetlands exhibit intermediate characteristics of both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, and the biodiversity is rich in these unique biological habitats. The symbiotic relationships between plants and fungi that inhabit these wetlands play an important role in natural resource management, biodiversity, and conservation. Accordingly, the mujechi, having academic value for the study of the natural environment, was investigated in terms of genetic diversity of endophytic fungi, which inhabit the roots of wild plants. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region was amplified to identify fungal strains. In total, 226 strains were isolated and categorized into three phyla, seven classes, 10 orders, 22 families, and 31 genera. In plants by endophytic fungi were classified in Isachne globosa (Ig) to 19 genera, Scirpus karuisawensis (Sk) to 11 genera, Utricularia racemosa (Ur) to 19 genera, and one incertae sedis, Eriocaulon decemflorum (Ed) to 11 genera. The fungal taxa was identified the genera Acephala (19.9%), Tolypocladium (16.3%), Neopestalotiopsis (11.5%), and Perenniporia (7.1%). The fungal group isolated from Isachne globosa (Ig) grew the largest number of isolated fungal strains. After comprehensive evaluation, the endophytic fungal group from Utricularia racemosa (Ur) ranked highest in diversity analyses. From the roots of wild plant in mujechi-neup, it confirmed the distribution and diversity of endophytic fungi. This study provides the basic data to understand fungal community structure in peat wetlands.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.33-39
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• 1993

최근 UR 정책에 따른 농축산물 수입개방이 허용되어 많은 외국산물이 국내시장에 잠입되고 있다. 우유 및 유가공제품도 예외는 아니어서 시장개발 압력에 따라 국내에도 외국제품이 시판될 상황이 되었다. 이에 따라 국가에서는 첫째, 국내 시판 가능한 외국우유와 품질 면에서 뒤지지 향상에 의한 경제적 이득을 증가시키는 한편, 셋째, 효과적인 유방염 방제대책 확립으로 근본적인 낙농업의 문제점을 해결하고져 원유 중 함유 세균 수 및 체세포수에 따른 위생등급을 고시하였다. 먼저, 세균수 및 체세포수에 따른 원유위생등급 관계를 살펴 보기로 한다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.6 no.8
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• pp.20-29
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• 2006

This paper proposes a quality measurement model for video phone service over IP environment. Proposed model enhances conventional E-Model by using quality analysis and this model is suitable for ubiquitous environment. This research measures video phone quality by applying bust packet loss and recency effect. It uses delay and recency effect for compensating actual quality and recognized quality of user using NR and UR factor. Simulation results show that this model can provide more precise results than conventional model by considering recency effect of video phone service quality measurement model.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.699-709
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• 2008

To understand the development mechanism of the aerosols in the surface boundary layer, the variation in the aerosol number concentration due to the divergence and convergence of the wind fields was investigated. The aerosol number concentration was measured in the size ranges of $0.3{\sim}10.0{\mu}m$ using a laser particle counter(LPC) from 0000 LST on 03 Feb. to 0600 LST on 07 Feb. 2004 at Mokpo in Korea during snowfall. The Velocity Azimuth Display(VAD) technique was used to retrieve the radar wind fields such as the horizontal wind field, divergence, and deformations including the vertical air velocity from a single Doppler radar. As a result, the distribution of the aerosol number concentration is apparently different for particles larger than $1{\mu}m$ during snowfall, and it has a tendency to increase at the beginning of the snowfall. The increase and decrease in the aerosol concentration due to the convergence and divergence of the wind fields corresponded to the particles with diameters greater than $1{\mu}m$. It is found that the fluctuations in the aerosol number concentration are well correlated with the development and dissipation of snowfall radar echoes due to the convergence and divergence of horizontal wind fields near the surface boundary layer in the inland during the snowfall.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.254-264
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• 2005

In this paper, an advanced E-Model was proposed in order to overcome disadvantages of conventional method. A new model makes the accurate VoIP call quality assessment possible by applying the burst packet loss and recency effect. In order to assess the performance of this advanced E-Model, we gained the estimated MOS value from NR(Network R) value and UR(User R) value resulted from the burst packet loss values by Gilbert Model. Through simulations and comparisons with conventional models such as MOS, PESQ, and I-Model, we reach a conclusion that advanced E-Model is more accurate and reliable method than conventional models.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.291-300
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• 1991

As IVAN(International VAN) becomes a major topic on the table of Korea U.S. Telecommunications Consultation, public concern to this area is growing. IVAN service has been dedicated to the business domain of PTT or public telecommunications operator, and its development has been so limited as well. However, the situation is being changed and IVAN liberalization is considered to be essential not to isolate itself from globilized networks. Seeing the fact UR is challengnign ITU in facilitating the trade of telecommunications services, the worldwide trend of liberalization is apparant. It should be addressed that a clear policy anouncement is necessary with regard to the liberalization of IVAN. The purpose of this paper is to conduct case studies of IVAN agreements and to draw policy oriented issues.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.30 no.7_8
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• pp.672-680
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• 2003

A shopbot is a software agent whose goal is to maximize buyer´s satisfaction through automatically gathering the price and quality information of goods as well as the services from on-line sellers. In the response to shopbots´ activities, sellers on the Internet need the agents called pricebots that can help them maximize their own profits. In this paper we adopts Q-learning, one of the model-free reinforcement learning methods as a price-setting algorithm of pricebots. A Q-learned agent increases profitability and eliminates the cyclic price wars when compared with the agents using the myoptimal (myopically optimal) pricing strategy Q-teaming needs to select a sequence of state-action fairs for the convergence of Q-teaming. When the uniform random method in selecting state-action pairs is used, the number of accesses to the Q-tables to obtain the optimal Q-values is quite large. Therefore, it is not appropriate for universal on-line learning in a real world environment. This phenomenon occurs because the uniform random selection reflects the uncertainty of exploitation for the optimal policy. In this paper, we propose a Mixed Nonstationary Policy (MNP), which consists of both the auxiliary Markov process and the original Markov process. MNP tries to keep balance of exploration and exploitation in reinforcement learning. Our experiment results show that the Q-learning agent using MNP converges to the optimal Q-values about 2.6 time faster than the uniform random selection on the average.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.23-27
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• 2013

The risks of debris flows caused by climate change have increased significantly around the world. Recently, landslide disaster prevention technology is more focused on the failure and post-failure dynamics to mitigate the hazards in flow-prone area. In particular, we should define the soil strength and flow characteristics to estimate the debris flow mobility in the mountainous regions in Korea. To do so, we selected known ancient landslides area: Inje, Pohang and Sangju debris flows. Firstly we measured physical and mechanical properties: liquidity index and undrained shear strength by fall cone penetrometer. From the test results, we found that there is a possible relationship between liquidity index and undrained shear strength, $C_{ur}=(1.2/I_L)^{3.3}$, in the selected areas, even though they were different in geological compositions. Assuming that the yield stress is equal to the undrained shear strength at the initiation of sliding, we examined the flow characteristics of weathered soils in Korea. When liquidity index is given as 1, 1.5 and 3.0, the debris flow motion of weathered soils is compared with that of mud-rich sediments, which are known as low-activity clays. At $I_L=1$, it seems that debris flow could reach approximately 250m after 5 minutes. As liquidity index increased from 1 to 3, the debris flow propagation of weathered soils is twice than that of low-activity clays. It may be due to the fact that soil masses mixed with the ambient water and then highly fragmented during flow, thereby leading to the high mobility. The results may help to predict the debris flow propagation and to develop disaster prevention technology at similar geological settings, especially for the weathered soils, in Korea.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.13A no.1 s.98
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• pp.35-44
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• 2006

Grid accounting model is necessary to support the demand and supply of id resource. Most grid accounting systems currently in use intrude upon site autonomy by modifying local accounting systems or calculate the cost of grid service without regard to site price policy. In this paper we propose and design Grid accounting model based on site price policy. This model assures autonomy of sites participating in gird computing and be able to actively cope with diverse billing services. Also this proposed model enables to provide RUS to Grid entities by transforming basic accounting information into GGF-UR format and allows this entities to exchange resource usage information. In this paper, proposed Grid accounting model enables sites to have autonomy of them and is evaluated for business model to enforce elaborate charging policy, compared with other systems.

• The Korea Swine Journal
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• v.12 no.9 s.133
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• pp.40-44
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• 1990

EC는 공동농업정책에 의한 축산물 가격지지제도(국경보호0,일본은 축산물 가격안정제도(차액관세) 등을 통해 농민들이 안심하고 양축을 할 수 있는 여건을 만들어 20~30년 전부터 시행해 오고 있으며, UR농산물 협상에서도 이제도의 철폐압력에 강경하게 맞서고 있다. 우리나라의 축산정책도 이러한 제도적장치가 자유화에 앞서 차근히 마련되어야 하며,양축농민들이 제시한 최소한의 요구사항을 반영하여 국내산업의 쇠퇴를 막아야 한다.