• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.185-191
• /
• 2010

Background: This study investigated effective posture for gluteus medius rehabilitation training and effects of isometric muscle activity by electrophysiology through EMG while performing dynamic isotonic behavior of weight placed differently on upper limbs. Method: 16 healthy male subjects 20 to 29 years of age volunteered for the study. Lateral stabilizer right gluteus medius activity was assessed using EMG while the right lower extremity maintains single limb support, and the left upper extremity elevation movement maintains 5 seconds without load, 1RM to 1 repetition, 5RM to 5 times, 10RM to 10 times, 5RM and 10RM maintain 5sec. Results: Comparison of the mean value of EMG data showed a statistically more significant difference in upper extremity elevation movement on opposite upper extremity added weight than one that was not added on a single limb weight bearing posture(p>.05). Weight supported side gluteus medius activity for 1RM, 5RM, 10RM weight difference and movement repetition did not differ(p>.05). Comparison in maximum value showed statistically significant differences in not adding weight on upper limb elevation exercise and 1RM, 5RM, 10RM repeated behavior. Elevation behavior and repetition appeared over 70% of MVIC. Conclusion: Unilateral weight bearing stance added weight in the opposite upper limb elevation movement was an indirect exercise to effectively stimulate gluteus medius activity. Applying various added weight will have effective exercise on the early stages of rehabilitation because activity gluteus medius did not differ through added weight.

• Physical Therapy Korea
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.69-78
• /
• 2015

This study evaluated and compared the effectiveness on upper motor extremity function between proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation which has been frequently used in clinical practice, and action observation training in terms of improving upper motor extremity function. A study with a single-subject design (A-B-C-A') was conducted with a patient who was diagnosed with left hemiplegia. A repeated-measure analysis was conducted to assess results of the Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT), Box and Block Test (BBT), and grip and pinch strength test performed daily in the study for 4 weeks. The results of the analysis indicated that the WMFT score, BBT score, grip strength, and pinch strength were improved from 29.60 to 39 (24.10%), from 1.67 to 4.93 each (EA) (66.22%), from 2.06 to 2.66 libras (lbs) (22.61%), and from 1.57 to 1.93 lbs (18.94%), respectively, from the baseline period to treatment period B. The values were improved from 29.60 to 42.20 (29.86%), from 1.67 to 7 EA (76.21%), from 2.06 to 3.47 lbs (40.57%), and from 1.57 to 1.67 lbs (6.12%), respectively, from the baseline period to treatment period C. From treatment period B to treatment period C, the WMFT score, BBT score, and grip strength were improved from 39 to 42.20 (7.58%), from 4.93 to 7 EA (29.56%), and from 2.66 to 3.47 lbs (23.20%), respectively, but pinch strength was decreased from 1.93 to 1.67 lbs (15.83%). In conclusion, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and action observation training both have positive effects on upper extremity motor function. However, we suggest that the posttreatment effect of action observation training was better than that of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
• /
• 2008.11a
• /
• pp.181-182
• /
• 2008

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
• /
• 2010.05a
• /
• pp.949-950
• /
• 2010

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.376-384
• /
• 2023

In this paper, we introduce an upper extremity rehabilitation robot, NREH (NRC End-effector based Rehabilitation arm at Home). Through NREH, stroke survivors could continuously exercise their upper extremities at home. NREH allows a user to hold the handle of the end-effector of the robot arm. NREH is a end-effector-based robot that moves the arm on a two-dimensional plane, but the tilt angle can be adjusted to mimic a movement similar to that in a three-dimensional space. Depending on the tilting angle, it is possible to perform customized exercises that can adjust the difficulty for each user. The user can sit down facing the robot and perform exercises such as arm reaching. When the user sits 90 degrees sideways, the user can also exercise their arms on a plane parallel to the sagittal plane. NREH was designed to be as simple as possible considering its use at home. By applying error augmentation, the exercise effect can be increased, and assistance force or resistance force can be applied as needed. Using an encoder on two actuators and a force/torque sensor on the end-effector, NREH can continuously collect and analyze the user's movement data.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.117-125
• /
• 2013

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of trunk muscle strengthening exercises on balance performance of sitting posture and upper extremity function, targeting the children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy. METHODS: 20 children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy were sampled at random and the tests were conducted for 6 weeks, 3 times per week. For experimental groups, basic physical therapy and trunk muscle strengthening exercises were conducted and for control groups, only basic physical therapy was conducted. BPM(Balance Performance Monitor) was used to measure balance performance and QUEST(quality of upper extremity skills test) was used to measure the upper extremity function. RESULTS: The comparison of changes in sitting balance performance in between experimental groups and control groups show significant difference (p<.05), the changes of the upper extremity function in experimental groups and control groups show significant difference (p<.05). CONCLUSION: Trunk muscle strengthening exercises are effective in improving balance performance and the upper extremity function for the children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy.

• Physical Therapy Korea
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.29-39
• /
• 2001

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the upper limb nerve mobilization (ULNM) on functional recovery of upper extremity in hemiplegic patients following stroke. Twenty patients who had functional impairment on upper extremity were participated. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups: Control group (n=10) received traditional physical therapy only for 4 weeks; Experimental group (n=10) received ULNM treatment along with traditional physical therapy for the same period. Upper extremity functions were assessed by manual muscle test (MMT), modified Ashworth scale (MAS), and Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA) before and after the treatment. In both experimental and control group, upper extremity functions were significantly improved in MMT (p<.01) and FMA (p<.01), however only experimental group showed significant improvement in FMA after the treatment (p<.05). Moreover, experimental group showed significantly greater improvement than control group in MMT (p<.05), MAS (p<.05), and FMA (p<.05). We conclude that the upper extremity functions is a useful additional therapeutic technique for the effective treatment of upper extremity deficits in hemiplegic patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
• /
• v.3 no.4
• /
• pp.269-276
• /
• 2008

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of mirror movements(MM) on upper extremity's function and measure the change of MM on stroke patients depending on the elapse of time. Methods : Sixteen stroke patients with MM and Sixteen stroke patients without MM were recruited for this study. Intended movements and MM were measured by two dynanometers of MP150 system(BIOPAC System Inc., Santa Barbara, U.S.A). The upper extremity's motor function was measured using manual function test(MFT), Fugl-Meyer assesment(FMA). Results : The change rates of upper extremity's motor function test showed significant group differences in FMA but not in MFT between the patients with MM and without MM from the first test to the second test. In each group motor function generally more increased. The magnitudes of MM decreased from the first test to the second test. Conclusion : These results indicate that stroke patients with MM have a significant motor deficit. But motor deficit could be recovered by spontaneous recovery or treatments and a clinical sign of MM was improved. In the future, we suggest that studies of assessments of MM after rehabilitation and treatment interventions of MM on stroke patients.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.73-82
• /
• 2018

Objectives The purpose of this study is to systematically explore the effects and safety of acupuncture treatment for upper extremity peripheral nerve injury and to review the methodology of clinical trials. Methods We searched 9 electronic databases(3 international, 1 Chinese, 5 Korean) including English, Korean and Chinese, up to December 2017 for randomized controlled trials which evaluated the effects of the acupuncture in patients with upper extremity peripheral nerve injury. We abstracted the designs of the randomized clinical trials and the method of acupuncture treatment according to the Standards for Reporting Interventions in Clinical Trials of Acupuncture(STRICTA). Results A total of 8 papers were reviewed. All randomized clinical trials were conducted in China. Of them, five studies(62.5%) were electro-acupuncture as intervention. All randomized clinical trials reported favorable effects of acupuncture treatments compared to baseline or control group with outcomes of efficacy rate. However risk of bias seemed high. LI4, LI11, SI3, PC3, PC6 were most frequently used for acupoints to treat upper extremity peripheral nerve injury. Conclusions These results suggest that it is recommended to develop more detailed reporting standards for acupuncture treatment method. In the future, well designed randomized clinical trials which evaluate the effects and safety of acupuncture treatment for upper extremity peripheral nerve injury is highly needed.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.143-148
• /
• 2016

Objective: This study aimed to quantify one of the useful upper extremity movements to evaluate motor control abilities between the groups of people with mild and moderate arm impairments performing a door handling task. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Twenty-one healthy participants and twenty-one persons with chronic stroke (9 mild stroke and 12 moderate stroke) were recruited for this study. Stroke participants were divided into 2 groups based on Fugle-Meyer Assessment scores of 58-65 (mild arm) and 38-57 (moderate arm). All they performed door handling task including the pronation and supination phases 3 times. We measured some movement factors which were reaction time, movement time, hand of peak velocity, hand of movement units to perform door handling task using the three-dimensional motion analysis. Results: The majority of kinematic variables showed significant differences among study groups (p<0.05). The reaction time, total and phase of movement time, hand of peak velocity, the number of movement units discriminated between healthy participants and persons with moderate upper limb stroke (p<0.05). In addition, reaction time, total and phase of movement time, the number of movement units discriminated between those with moderate and mild upper limbs of stroke patients (p<0.05). Conclusions: Three-dimensional kinematic motion analysis in this study was a useful tool for assessing the upper extremity function in different subgroups of people with stroke during the door handling task. These kinematic variables may help clinicians understand the arm movements in door handling task and consist of discriminative therapeutic interventions for stroke patients on upper extremity rehabilitation.