• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.71-79
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• 1984

During a 10 year periods, 42 patients with well-documented Midline Malignant Reticulosis were treated with local irradiation and followed for extended periods of time. 13 cases with systemic manifestation after irradiation illustrate the protean features of this disease. Although it commonly Presents in upper airway tracts such as nasal cavity and/or septum, soft palate and palatine tonsil, the lesion may be localized as well as diffuse. 2 cases among them showed systemic relapse on lung, pancreas and scrotum probably from either a multifocal or metastatic deposits. Another 3 eases were associated with systemic diseases such as stomach carcinoma, typhoid enteritis and CNI of fat tissue. Remained cases were diagnosed by clinical or radiological examination. Possibility of close relation to lymphoma with Midline Malignant Reticulosis are also suggested in 1 case. In Midline Malignant Reticulosis, the best results of treatment are obtained in localized lesion of the upper airway treated early with irradiation: A poorer outcome is associated with multifocal systemic involvement, which necessitates a systemic therapy.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.88-91
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• 1996

Acute epiglottitis is a life threatening inflammatory. disease of the upper airway mainly in children, however, the recent reports about acute epiglottitis in adults are increasing. The common symptoms are sore throat, dysphagia, dyspnea and salivary drooling. As the laryngeal edema progresses, the patient sits up, leans forward, with the chin thrust forward, having obvious difficulty breathing. Early recognition and proper airway maintenance until the inflammatory edema subsides are essential steps to avoid a possible life threatening upper airway obstruction. We experienced two cases of acute epiglottitis with sitting up position, chin thrust forward, having dyspnea.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.109-113
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• 2007

Introduction. In patients with mandibular prognathism, Bilateral Sagittal Split Ramus Osteotomy(BSSRO) combined with orthodontic treatment reduces oral volume and influences tongue and other surrounding tissues. Purpose of this study was to analyze post-operative tongue position and airway dimension, as well as mandibular changes in vertical, horizontal, and angular dimensions. Materials and methods. Height of dorsum of tongue, width of airway, gonial angle and lower facial height of mandibular prognathic patients who visited Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital from Jan. 2001 to Dec. 2006 were anaylzed via pre-operative and post-operative cephalograms. T-test was used to compare pre-operative and post-operative measurements. Also, correlations among pre-operative measurements of the patients were analyzed. Results and conclusion. A significant correlation was shown between ANS-Xi-PM area and location of dorsum of tongue in pre-operative patients. A significant superior movement of tongue and decrease of airway width was observed in post-operative patients. Also the upper gonial angle decreased significantly.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.212-214
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• 2012

Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RTS) is characterized by peculiar facies, mental retardation, broad thumbs, and great toes. Approximately one-third of the affected individuals have a variety of congenital heart diseases. They can also have upper airway obstruction during sleep, due to hypotonia and the anatomy of the oropharynx and airway, which make these patients susceptible to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). In our case, pulmonary hypertension was caused, successively, by congenital heart defects (a large patent ductus arteriosus and arch hypoplasia) and obstructive sleep apnea during early infancy. The congenital heart defects were surgically corrected, but persistent pulmonary hypertension was identified 2 months after the operation. This pulmonary hypertension was due to OSA, and it was relieved by nasal continuous positive airway pressure. This case is the first report of pulmonary hypertension from OSA in a young infant with RTS.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.267-275
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• 2005

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is characterized by sleep-induced obstruction of the upper airway that results in cessation of airflow. Obstruction can occur at a number of points in the airway, but frequently in the oropharynx. A diagnostic evaluation includes cephalometry, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, acoustic reflection technique, polysomnography and fibroptic endoscopy. Cephalometric measurements of the patients with obstructive sleep apnea have revealed that posterior airway anatomy has strong relations with the symptoms of them. A lateral cephalogram is routinely obtained in the radiologic evaluation of sleep apnea patients. The purpose of this study is to provide a the lateral cephalometric korean norms for the diagnosis and treatment of the patients with obstructive sleep apnea by analyzing the abnormal occlusion of Korean adults.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.162-166
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• 2001

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS) is a complex sleep disorder characterized by intermittent apnea secondary to sleep-induced obstruction of the upper airway. It occurs because of an airway obstruction anywhere between the trachea and the oronasal apparatus. The hallmark of OSAS is snoring, which is caused by vibration of the tissues of the pharynx as the airway narrows. The consequences of OSAS have focused on excessive daytime sleepiness resulting from sleep fragmentation and the cardiovascular derangements producing hypertension and arrhythmias. The primary method of controlling OSAS has been surgery. The current surgical procedures used for OSAS are tracheostomy, tonsillectomy, nasal septoplasty, uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, anterior mandibular osteotomy with hyoid myotomy and suspension, and maxillary, mandibular and hyoid advancement. We report a case of OSAS that was improved by genial advancement with infrahyoid myotomy and suspension. The patient was objectively documented by polysomnography, cephalometric analysis, and physical examination before the surgical procedure. The patient underwent genial advancement with infrahyoid myotomy and suspension. Patient had a good response from surgery.

• Journal of The Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.32-37
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• 2011

Pulsus paradoxus has been defined as a decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 10 mmHg or more during inspiration. This report describes pulsus paradoxus detected by pulse oximetry during dental procedure. Case: A 10 years old boy who had impacted mandibular premolar with malformation scheduled for extraction under intravenous sedation with Fentanyl and Propofol. The patient showed upper airway obstruction with stridor and pulsus paradoxus. Though pulsus paradoxus is generally critical condition, in this case, respiration and other vital sign was maintained comparatively well with care in administering oxygen and considerate monitoring of pulse oximetry and capnography. Discussion: Noninvasive continuous monitoring of pulse oximetry allows recognition of pulsus paradoxus which can lead to serious problems. Clinicians should know very well about it and be able to manage of this kind of situation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.128-131
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• 2019

Acute supraglottitis is characterized by an inflammation and edema of the supraglottic region and a potential life-threatening condition because of its risk for sudden upper airway compromise. Prompt diagnosis, administration of broad spectrum antibiotics, and airway management is pivotal for reducing serious complications. In the immunocompromised host, microorganisms are more likely to elicit mucosal inflammations, thus clinicians should pay attention to those patients for prompt removal of the causes of immune disruption. Here we report a case of acute adult supraglottitis with neutropenia caused by anti-thyroid drug with a review of the related literatures.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.62-65
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• 2008

A 73-year-old man with sudden sensory neural hearing loss received a stellate ganglion block. Two hours after the block, the patient complained of newly developed neck discomfort. After an additional two hours, the neck swelled up gradually and neck pain and dyspnea developed. A plain radiograph of neck revealed narrowing of the upper airway; a tracheostomy was performed and the dyspnea was improved. On the next day, the pain site extended to the right scapula and a CT image revealed a huge retropharyngeal hematoma. Hematoma evacuation and bleeder ligation were then performed and the patient was discharged on the fourth day after admission without any complications. A practitioner should always remember to educate the patients about possible complications and undertake intensive observation when performing procedures, even in patients who do not initially present with a compromised airway.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.52-54
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• 2017

Vocal polyps are benign laryngeal lesions which arise from the Reinke's space abd hoarseness is the most common symptom. However, airway compromised is rarely presented in the vocal polyp. A rare case of large subglottic polyp causing dyspnea is reported. Tracheostomy was performed under local anesthesia and then the mass was resected under general anesthesia using a laryngofissure approach. The dyspnea and hoarseness disappeared after surgery immediately. The histopathological findings indicated a diagnosis of vocal cord polyp with chronic inflammatiuon. We consider that tracheostomy is the safest and most useful procedure to guarantee the upper airway in cases of large vocal polyp showing dyspnea. We hereby report a case of huge subglottic polyp in which a tracheostomy and laryngofissure was required for removing the subglottic mass successfully.