• Title/Summary/Keyword: Unusual insertion

Search Result 17, Processing Time 0.026 seconds

Unusual insertion of the levator scapulae muscle: a case report

  • Sang-Hyun Kim;Hyung-Jin Lee
    • Anatomy and Cell Biology
    • /
    • v.56 no.3
    • /
    • pp.398-400
    • /
    • 2023
  • The current case report describes an uncommon insertion of the levator scapulae (LS), which broadly attaches to multiple structures, including the serratus posterior superior, ligamentum nuchae, and the 6th and 7th spinous processes of the cervical vertebrae. The most superior portion of this aponeurosis merged with the ligamentum nuchae at the C7 level. The middle and inferior portions of the head were inserted (or fused) into the tendon of the rhomboid minor as well as the fibers of the serratus posterior superior muscle. Consequently, recognizing this anatomical variation, characterized by an additional slip of the LS attaching to the 7th vertebra and other muscular structures, is crucial not only for anatomists but also for surgeons performing procedures on the posterior neck related to cervical or shoulder pain and cervical dystonia.

Variant pectoralis minor muscle: a case study with clinical relevance

  • Rohini Motwani;Ariyanachi Kaliappan;Mrudula Chandrupatla
    • Anatomy and Cell Biology
    • /
    • v.55 no.4
    • /
    • pp.406-413
    • /
    • 2022
  • The pectoralis minor (PMn) muscle originates from the third, fourth, and fifth ribs near the costochondral junctionusually and gets inserted on the medial margin and upper surface of the coracoid process of the scapula. To look at the morphological insertion patterns and sites of attachment of the PMn muscle in the donated cadavers. Over all 19 limbs were included in the study (9 right and 10 left). Out of 19 limbs, 10 belonged to female and 9 belonged to male cadavers. The cadavers were meticulously dissected to determine the morphological insertion types and location of the attachment of the muscle. Unusual pattern of insertion was observed in 6 limbs (31.6%) out of total 19 limbs included in the study. The variations we observed does not fall completely in the classification by Le Double, hence variations we observed can be considered as new and rare variant which to our knowledge is not reported in literature. We propose this new variant to be type 4 of Le Double classification. The potential of ectopic PMn tendon should be taken into consideration and tested out, especially in patients with shoulder discomfort and stiffening who have ruled out the more frequent diseases. For proper surgical planning, a preoperative magnetic resonance imaging or USG examination of the shoulder joint is required considering the prevalence of variation in the insertion pattern of PMn muscle. Preoperative identification of any abnormal PMn insertion can help to reduce the risk of iatrogenic tendon injury and post-operative problems.

Mutations in the Reactive Center Loop of $\alpha_1$-Antitrypsin That Retard the Loop Insertion

  • Maeng, Jin-Soo;Yu, Myeong-Hee
    • Proceedings of the Korean Biophysical Society Conference
    • /
    • 1997.07a
    • /
    • pp.40-40
    • /
    • 1997
  • $\alpha$$_1$- Antitrypsin is a key plasma serine protease inhibitor and its prime physiological role is an inhibitor of leukocyte elastase. The reactive center loop of $\alpha$$_1$-antitrypsin is characterized by the unusual mobility and the ability of insertion into the central $\beta$ sheet A. In particular the rate of loop insertion is considered to be critical for the formation of a stable complex between a serpin and its target protease.(omitted)

  • PDF

Correction of an unusual abnormal buccal frenum by Total Palatal Mucosal Free Graft : A Case Report (Total Palatal Mucosal Free Graft를 이용한 비정상 협소대 치험 1예)

  • Park, Hyung-Sik;Kim, Sun-Yong;Lee, Sang-Hye
    • Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
    • /
    • v.12 no.3
    • /
    • pp.42-48
    • /
    • 1990
  • This is a case report on an unusual - heavy buccal frenum in young lady which was treated by frenectomy, vestibuloplasty and total-palatal mucosal free graft. The authors noticed that this abnormal condition lead several chronic complications in young patient as like as premature loss of upper molar teeth, early and rapid loss of alveolar bone around insertion of frenum, over - extended eruption of lower molar teeth and abnormal mandibular movements, etc. After frenectomy and surgical extension of buccal vestiblue on both upper and lower posterior regions, we obtained a full - sized palatal mucosal graft and moved it on upper and lower extension area seperately as two pieces of free grafts to offer inherent function of denture - bearing mucogingiva and same color - matching with oral mucosa and to prevent post - operative relapse of vestibular height. We discussed here about unusual abnormality and their complications of unusual buccal frenum and its treatment.

  • PDF

An Efficient Synthesis of 12-epi-Carbacyclins Using a Palladium-Mediated Tandem Alkene Insertion Strategy

  • Lee, Nam-Ho;Larock, Richard C.
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
    • /
    • v.23 no.1
    • /
    • pp.86-92
    • /
    • 2002
  • A short synthesis of novel prostanoids, 12-epi-carbacyclins 3 and 24, has been accomplished using palladium chemistry as a key step. The silyl enol ether 10a prepared through organopalladium chemistry has been allowed to react with 1-octen-3-one in the presence of $Pd(OAc)_2$ to give compound 12 in a single step. The unusual chemo- and stereoselective reduction of the ${\alpha},{\beta}$-unsaturated ketone in 12 has been effected with (S)-BINALH. Subsequent desilylation and Wittig reaction have provided the Subsequent desilylation and Wittig reaction have provided the $PGI_2$ analogues 3 and 24.

A Case of the Pneumopericardium Following Blunt Chest Trauma (흉부둔상에 의한 심막기종: 치험 1예)

  • 김오곤
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
    • /
    • v.36 no.8
    • /
    • pp.627-629
    • /
    • 2003
  • The pneumopericardium following blunt chest trauma is exceedingly unusual. A patient was admitted to the emergency room after a motorcycle accident. Pneumopericardium and left pneumothorax were not detected on initial chest AP, but they were detected on chest computed tomograpy and resolved completely after chest tube insertion into the left pleural space.

A retroviral insertion in the tyrosinase (TYR) gene is associated with the recessive white plumage color in the Yeonsan Ogye chicken

  • Cho, Eunjin;Kim, Minjun;Manjula, Prabuddha;Cho, Sung Hyun;Seo, Dongwon;Lee, Seung-Sook;Lee, Jun Heon
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.63 no.4
    • /
    • pp.751-758
    • /
    • 2021
  • The recessive white (locus c) phenotype observed in chickens is associated with three alleles (recessive white c, albino ca, and red-eyed white cre) and causative mutations in the tyrosinase (TYR) gene. The recessive white mutation (c) inhibits the transcription of TYR exon 5 due to a retroviral sequence insertion in intron 4. In this study, we genotyped and sequenced the insertion in TYR intron 4 to identify the mutation causing the unusual white plumage of Yeonsan Ogye chickens, which normally have black plumage. The white chickens had a homozygous recessive white genotype that matched the sequence of the recessive white type, and the inserted sequence exhibited 98% identity with the avian leukosis virus ev-1 sequence. In comparison, brindle and normal chickens had the homozygous color genotype, and their sequences were the same as the wild-type sequence, indicating that this phenotype is derived from other mutation(s). In conclusion, white chickens have a recessive white mutation allele. Since the size of the sample used in this study was limited, further research through securing additional samples to perform validation studies is necessary. Therefore, after validation studies, a selection system for conserving the phenotypic characteristics and genetic diversity of the population could be established if additional studies to elucidate specific phenotype-related genes in Yeonsan Ogye are performed.

Understanding Silicone Breast Implant-Associated Complications for Radiologists (영상의학과 의사들을 위한 실리콘 유방 보형물 관련 합병증의 이해)

  • Jeongmin Lee;Sung Hun Kim;Jae Hee Lee;Boo Kyung Han
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
    • /
    • v.82 no.1
    • /
    • pp.49-65
    • /
    • 2021
  • With the increase in the number of cases of silicone implant insertion either for cosmetic surgery or breast reconstruction after mastectomy, it is not unusual to encounter patients with silicone implants in clinical settings. Recently, the first case of breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma was reported in Korea. In addition to previously known complications, such as implant rupture or contracture, the number of implant-associated imaging examinations has also increased. Considering this background, radiologists should have sufficient knowledge about the type of examination required in patients who have undergone implant insertion and imaging findings to correctly identify implant-associated complications. In this article, various complications of silicone implants are discussed, including various imaging findings, which radiologists should know.

Unusual Intronic Variant in GSTP1 in Head and Neck Cancer in Pakistan

  • Masood, Nosheen;Malik, Faraz Arshad;Kayani, Mahmood Akhtar
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
    • /
    • v.13 no.4
    • /
    • pp.1683-1686
    • /
    • 2012
  • In the present case control study mRNA expression of the GSTP1 gene, encoding a phase II enzyme that detoxifies via glutathione conjugation, was investigated using semiquantitative PCR followed by SSCP for 49 confirmed head and neck (HN) cancer and 49 control samples. It was found that GSTP1 was upregulated in significantly higher number of cancers (OR 4.2, 95% CI 1.2-15.3). Grade wise correlation was also observed with more up regulation in patients with more advanced grades of HN carcinomas. We also found that 5 patients showed variation in mRNA with a larger product size than expected. Sequencing revealed insertion of an intronic segment between the $6^{th}$ and $7^{th}$ exon of the GSTP1 gene. Germline screening was performed showing mobility shifts which suggested mutation at the DNA level resulting in intronic portion retention. This study is of prime importance for drug design and treatment selection to overcome increased resistance of HN cancers to drugs due to alteration in the GSTP1 gene.

A fatal case of acute pulmonary embolism caused by right ventricular masses of acute lymphoblastic lymphoma-leukemia in a 13 year old girl

  • Ko, Yu-Mi;Lee, Soo-Hyun;Huh, June;Koo, Hong-Hoe;Yang, Ji-Hyuk
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
    • /
    • v.55 no.7
    • /
    • pp.249-253
    • /
    • 2012
  • We report a case of a 13-year-old girl with acute lymphoblastic lymphoma- leukemia, who presented with a cardiac metastasis in the right ventricle, resulting in a pulmonary embolism. At the time of her leukemia diagnosis, a cardiac mass was incidentally found. The differential diagnosis for this unusual cardiac mass included cardiac tumor, metastasis, vegetation, and thrombus. Empirical treatment was initiated, including anticoagulation and antibiotics. She underwent plasmapheresis and was administered oral prednisolone for her leukemia. Five days later, she experienced sudden hemodynamic collapse and required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation insertion and emergency surgery. These interventions proved futile, and the patient died. Pathology revealed that the cardiac mass comprised an aggregation of small, round, necrotic cells consistent with leukemia. This is the first known case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia presenting as a right ventricular mass, with consequent fatal acute pulmonary embolism. A cardiac mass in a child with acute leukemia merits investigation to rule out every possible etiology, including vegetation, thrombus, and even a mass of leukemic cells, which could result in the fatal complication of pulmonary embolism.