• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.639-647
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of varied resistance training intensities and rest intervals between training sets on integral electromyography (iEMG), repetition rate, and total work. All subjects, 14 college students, were tested one repetition maximum (1RM). Then, all subjects were weekly tested with 9 practice procedures, composed of diverse intensities (60, 75, 90% of 1RM) and rest intervals (1, 3, 5 min). As results show, to maintain the same load and target repetition maximum for an untrained person, muscular power training (90% of 1RM), muscular hypertrophy training (75% of 1RM), and muscular endurance training (60% of 1RM) should be applied with 5 min or longer rest interval periods for 3 training sets. In addition, 2 training sets with 3 min rest intervals and a set with an 1 min rest interval were capable by the subjects. Thus, at least 3 min or longer rest intervals should be applied to maintain multiple training sets. In case for muscular endurance training, which requires shorter rest intervals, the intensity of exercise should be adjusted to 60% of 1RM or less. In conclusion, depending on diverse purposes of resistance training such as improving muscular power, muscular hypertrophy, or muscular endurance, appropriate exercise intensity and rest intervals should be applied.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.39
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• pp.197-222
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• 2019

In the paper, this study will be explored in the migration of the mask dance Eunyeul Talchum from North Korea to South Korea after the national division took place. During and after the Korean War, refugees from the Hwanghae province settled in the Republic of Korea who were performers of the three Korean mask dances: Bongsan Talchum, Kangryeong Talchum and Eunyeul Talchum. All of these mask dances are denoted as South Korea's National Intangible Properties under the Cultural Property Protection Law (1962.) However, Eunyeul Talchum is the only asset among these three that settled in Incheon, instead of the capital, Seoul. The purpose of this research is to examine the process of restoring and the idea of transmitting Eunyeul Talchum in Incheon after the division of Korea. As opposed to Bongsan Talchum and Gangryeong Talchum, which are recognized as major socio-ethnic groups, Eunyeul Talchum belongs to a minority. Because not only Eunyeul Talchum is the last Mask Dance which has been nominated as an Intangible asset among the other Hwanghae Talchum but also, most people in the preservation association are comprised of the second-generation refugees from Hwanghae province. During three months of research, the researcher observed the performances and the educational communicating Eunyeul Talchum's cultural legacy. This study included several research methods: open interview, examination of relevant documents, and live performances. Particularly, the researcher conducted interviews with the Human Cultural Property and musicians (including professional/scholarly to lay/untrained) in the Preservation Association. In conclusion, Eunyeul Talchum preservation association is not as preeminent as other Korean mask dances, it has been transmitted by performers from Hwanghae province with its unique masks and instrumental accompaniment. These performers and educators dedication to maintaining Eunyeul Talchum's attributes contribute largely to the Preservation Association's successful settlement in Incheon. Thus, the researcher examines which idea formed to subsist the Eunyeul Talchum preservation association.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.17-32
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to improve upon school health by understanding the present status of school health and escpecially to investigate the performance rate of regular health instruction. 261 schools, including middle and high schools enrolled in the Busan Educational Association, were sent Questionnaires. Data was collected from the 25th of January to the 10th of April, 1994. 229 subjects who responded to the Questionnaires were finally analyzed as samples. Among them, 127 were school nurses and 102 were teachers acting in a school health capacity. The results of this study are summerized as follows: Of the teachers holding additional school health responsibilities, $85.6\%$ worked in private schools. Many of them $(74.5\%)$ were formally dissatisfied with their ability to provide care because $85.3\%$ of them had never studied any school health. Some of them$(30.4\%)$ didn't know about the annual school nursing budget and $23.5\%$ of them hadn't taught any health education to students. In spite of this fact, they were placed in charge of a school health activity against their own will. There were statistically significant differences in the performance of school health affairs between nurses and teachers holding additional school health (p<0.001) as follows: annual school nursing budget, Health Program Planning and Evaluation, annual purchase price for medicines, average students cared for per day, average students who held at least one consultation per month and extra. Surely, the self-confidence of school nurses was higher than that of teachers with school health as an assigned responsibility. This was demonstrated by a significant statistical difference (p<0.01) in the responses by the two groups. $88.2\%$ of the school nurses and $73.5\%$ of teachers for school health thought that regular health instruction was necessary. But regular health education had been performed only by $32.8\%$ of respondents. Among them, 84% were school nurses and $16\%$ were teachers holding additional school health. Of the persons who performed regular health education, $69.3\%$ used less than $60\%$ of the health content of the athletic textbook. And $64\%$ of them said teaching materials were insufficient. Most of them $(69.4\%)$used home made lesson plans. which they compiled from various sources. There was a significant difference in the formality of the health lesson according to the concern of the school principal (p<0.01) and there was a significant difference in performing health education between school nurses and teachers holding additional school health (p<0.001) It appears that there are a lot of problems with providing school health care using people who are untrained. In a word, school health nurses with professional training are needed in order to perform the qualitative management for the health of the students. These days, regular health education is an indispensable part in making students improve their self-care abilities. Therefore a more effective and better defined program should be prepared for regular systematic health education. To resolve these problems, present laws and regulations related to school health should be revised considering the specialist's request for the improvement of school health. In addition, the concern and financial support of the government are essential.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.71-90
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• 1996

There is considerable current interest in the effect of regular vigorous exercise and in particular endurance-running as a possible measure in improving myocardial function. Some data indicate that the aging heart may actually suffer from vigorous endurance exercise. On the contrary appropriate exercise in aged animals improves myocardial function and aerobic energy metabolism. So far there is relatively little data to indicate that endurance exercise is in fact beneficial in improving myocardial function or damaging to heart of aged animals. The present investigation aimed to study the possible effect of a long range treadmill training program on the heart in aging rats. Male rats aged 3, 10, and 20 months were divided at random into a control (sedentary) and an exercise group. The training group was exercised for 5 days a week on an automated treadmill for 20minutes at 18m/min over a period of 5 months. The exercise regimen of our experiments did not cause any significant changes in the tissues and ultrastructural as com-pared with sedentary age-matched control. Tissues and ultrastructures of myocardial cells in trained group aged 8 months are intact and well organized as well as sedentary control group. Age associated tissue and ultrastructural changes of trained group aged 15 months included : an increase in transformed mitochondria, vacuoles, lysosomes, lipid droplets and early lipofuscin. But the trained heart did not show significant difference in tissue and ultrastructural properties from those of sedentary controls. Endurance-trained group aged 25 months showed significant qualitative tissue and ultrastructural difference as compared with age-matched controls. In addition to those found in 25 months control group, focal necrosis, myofibril fraying, hypercontraction band, seperation of intercalated discs, degenerating nucleus and infiltration of collagenous fiber into myocyte were noted in trained 25 months group. The stereological examination of the mi-crographs disclosed no significant difference in the myoflbril, mitochondrion, sarcotubule and in-terstitium volume density and surface density of mitochondrial cristae and numerical density of mitochondria between trained and control group aged 8 and 15 months. In the trained 25 months group, significant increase in volume density of interstitium, lipofucsin granule were shown as compared to untrained age-matched control. On the other hand, significant decrease in mitochondrion volume density was shown. The myofibril volume density did not differ between trained and control group although trained group showed slight increase. From the data obtained a reduced mitochondria/myofibrils ratio was found in trained rat heart aged 25 months and there was no difference between trained and control rat aged 15 months. But a slight but not significant increase was found in the trained group aged 8 months as compared with same age control group. Such increase in the ratio in young animals is considered to be of great importance to cardiac pumping and adaptability. Whereas such adaptations don't seem to occur in aged heart muscle. This study proposed that repeated endurance exercise do not cause any significant qualitative and quantitative ultrastructural change of heart muscle in young(3months) and adult (10months) suggesting that the heart is able to adapt to the exercise. On the contrary, the repeated endurance exercise stress may actually induce degenerative changes in the aged heart muscle(20months).