• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.35 no.1
• /
• pp.96-103
• /
• 2006

Alaska pollock roe is mainly used as the production salted instead of salt-seasoned seafood (Myungranjeot). Alaska pollock roes with broken egg membrane are usually discarded as a waste product. In order to utilize the broken roes of Alaska pollock, imitated fish sausage was manufactured for commercial production. Hardness, cohesiveness, elasticity, brittleness, and gumminess of Alaka pollock roe sausage were evaluated based on mixture design and regression models. The higher amounts of carrageenan and tile lower amounts of starch caused the higher the texture intensity of Alaska pollock roe sausage. The pHs of control, vacuum and $N_2$ packages, increased up to 6.28, 6.23 and 6.24, respectively, during 4 months storage and then decreased. The values of volatile basic nitrogen (VBN), thiobarbituric acid (TBA), and total viable cell counts increased during storage periods, while the parameters were higher in control than in vacuum and Na packages. Coliform bacteria was not detected in all treatments during storage periods.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.42 no.6
• /
• pp.653-663
• /
• 2010

This study was conducted to monitor residues of 10 veterinary drugs in food products. Various veterinary drugs were examined including enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, oxolinic acid, amoxicillin, ampicillin, oxytetracycline, tetracycline, chlortetracycline, and doxycycline in beef, pork, egg, chicken, eel, flatfish, and rockfish obtained from 6 different regions (Seoul, Incheon, Daejeon, Gwangju, Daegu, Busan). Residues were detected in 21 (6.5%) samples out of 321 samples. In particular, 2 (1.0%) livestock samples had detected residues among 203 products, and 19 (16.1%) aquaculture samples had residues detected among 118 products. The most frequently detected drug residues in aquaculture products were oxytetracycline and amoxicillin, but the levels were mostly below the MRL (Maximum Residue Limit). In only one flatfish sample, amoxicillin was found at a level higher than the MRL (0.05 mg/kg). In livestock products, residues of most veterinary drugs were not detected. But enrofloxacin was detected in 2 chicken (Korean name: Ogolgae) samples at a higher level than the MRL (0.1 mg/kg as the sum of ciprofloxacin).

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.561-571
• /
• 2016

Purpose: This study reviewed the innovative educational strategies that have been implemented successfully in US baccalaureate nursing education programs to facilitate appropriate attitudes about caring for older adults. Methods: The data were collected through a search of PubMed and CINAHL using the key words, gerontological or geriatric, attitudes about aging or older people, baccalaureate or undergraduate nursing education or curriculum. Results: The successful strategies are categorized as follows: 1) a multidisciplinary approach integrating aging issues and gerontological contents into diverse nursing courses, 2) active participation of community-dwelling healthy older individuals as an educational mentor, 3) use of audiovisual materials to investigate the misconceptions and attitudes about aging, and 4) discussion through critical thinking and self-reflection toward aging. Implications: For the interdisciplinary approach within nursing courses, it is essential to derive the key contents for gerontological nursing applicable to integration into diverse nursing courses. In addition, it is necessary to provide administrative support for implementing innovative strategies and constructing consistent partnerships with the community for active participation of the elderly as a mentor. Lastly, recognizing the significance of educational strategies for enhancing desirable attitudes toward gerontological nursing and supporting the development of educational capability of a faculty are key issues.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.16 no.11
• /
• pp.7761-7772
• /
• 2015

This study describes the spatio-temporal distributions in phytoplankton community such as species composition, standing crops and dominant species from April to November 2008 in the Jeju Marine Ranching Area (JMRA). A total of 106 species of phytoplankton belonging to 63 genera was identified. In particular, diatoms and dinoflagellates were occupied more than 61% and 35% of total species, respectively. The annual dominant species were Skeletonema costatum-like species(ls) in April, Torodinium teredo, Cylindrotheca closterium, Scrippsiella trochoidea in June, S. costatum - ls, Thalassionema nitzschioides, Pseudo-nitzschia pungens, Ebria tripartita in September and Corethron pennatum, Dictyocha fibura, Neoceratium teres in November. Phytoplankton cell density ranged between $0.6cells{\cdot}mL^{-1}$ in June and $64.0cells{\cdot}mL^{-1}$ in April. It fluctuated with an annual mean of $11.7cells{\cdot}mL^{-1}$ between the lowest value of $0.9cells{\cdot}mL^{-1}$ in November and the highest value of $37.0cells{\cdot}mL^{-1}$ by S. costatum -ls in April. Diversity index in September was higher than diatom blooming seasons in April. According to the phytoplankton community structure, the biological oceanographic characteristics of the JMRA was characterized by nanoplankton during a year. That is, primary production is deemed to have a higher possibility of being adjusted by a reproduction by material cycle in the ecosystems than nutrients supply from the lands.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.12 no.12
• /
• pp.5797-5804
• /
• 2011

Recently, the medical education is undergoing system transition from a medical college to a medical graduate school and introduction of performance test in the doctor license state examination. Therefore, To deal with these challenges, it is needed that medical faculty prepare the education programs for considering student's personal characteristics and improving Clinical performance. So, The purpose of this study was to understand relation among Stress, ego-resilience, self-efficacy and Clinical performance in graduate medical student, and for this study, We conducted a survey of 97 medical graduate school students in D city during the period from August 19st to 20st. 2011. The study found a negative correlation between Stress and Ego-Resilience, a positive correlation of stress with confidence at low region in Self-Efficacy. Ego-Resilience correlates positively with CPX at low region in Clinical performance, Preference for difficulty level of the task at low region in Self-Efficacy correlates negatively with OSCE. OSCE and CPX at low region in Clinical performance are positively correlated. Therefore, Stress reduction of students can improve Self-Efficacy, Furthermore, improve ultimately Clinical performance. According to this study, To improve Clinical performance competence, student's personal characteristics should be considered and education programs for self-efficacy and ego-resilience advancement be reflected in curriculum.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.40 no.7
• /
• pp.993-998
• /
• 2011

Citrus peel powder was used to substitute 2%, 4% and 6% rice flour for making sulgidduk. Proximate composition, sensory characteristics, and principle components of sulgidduk containing citrus peel were analyzed and compared with those of sulgidduk. Protein, fat, carbohydrate, ash, color b-value (yellowness index), springiness, and adhesiveness of sulgidduk all significantly increased, whereas color L- and a-values, hardness, cohesiveness, and chewiness of sulgidduk decreased with the addition of citrus peel powder. No significant differences were observed regarding the contents of moisture and carbohydrates, or fracturability in any of the samples. Substitution of rice flour with citrus peel powder showed acceptable sourness and bitterness sensory scores, which were comparable to sulgidduk. Principle components analysis revealed total variation of 94% in the main structured information: PC1 and PC2 showed 79.31% and 14.69% variation. CP-B (citrus peel powder 4%) and CP-C (citrus peel powder 6%) associated the strongest with PC1 and sulgidduk without citrus peel powder associated with PC2. Attributes associated strongly with PC1 were color, bitterness, adhesiveness, and sourness. Therefore, sulgidduk containing CP-B can be developed based on its favorable quality characteristics and sensory evaluation.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.289-296
• /
• 2014

The pedigree information and race records of 1,000 m finishing time of Jeju race horses at KRA were used to study the effect of amount of pedigree information and parental misidentification on the estimates of genetic parameters. The modified data sets were made at the range of 2.5 to 25% parental misidentifications or loss of parental information of individuals with an increment of 2.5 percent. For each incremental level, 20 randomly replicated data sets were obtained and analyzed by single-trait analysis with a DF-REML(AI) algorithm. As the rate of misidentification increased or the amount of pedigree information decreased, the estimates of fraction of additive genetics variance component gradually decreased almost linearly (p<0.05), while the estimated fractions of error variance and permanent environmental variance components gradually increased for the finishing time. Regression coefficients of the percentage amount of both parents' information loss and incorrect pedigree information on additive genetic variances were -0.079 and -0.114, respectively (p<0.01). The estimate of heritability decreased by 0.92% for one percent loss of both parents' information and 1.39% for one percent increase of both parental misidentifications of progeny (p<0.01). For the consideration of probable incorrect and missing parent information of progeny in this early population of Jeju horses, the estimates of additive genetic parameters would be biased downward about ten percent. This results indicate that the amount of pedigree information loss and misidentification of progeny would severely affect estimates of genetic parameters and would reduce genetic gains for selection in Jeju horse population.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.75-87
• /
• 2014

This study describes about the spatio-temporal distributions in phytoplankton community such as species composition, standing crop and dominant species from May 2006 to February 2007 in the Jangsu bay and the northwestern parts of Gamak bay. Based on the principal component analysis (PCA) of the environmental factors as well as biological parameters, the bio-oceanographical characteristics were analysed. A total of 83 species of phytoplankton belonging to 47 genera were identified. Whereas diatoms and dinoflagellates occupied more than 65% and 30% of total species, respectively. The annual dominant species were Chaetoceros affinis, Paralia sulcata and Bacillaria paxillifera in spring, Chaetoceros didymus, Ch. affinis and Octactis octonaria in summer, Skeletonema costatum-like species and B. paxillifera in autumn. Moreover phytoplankton cell density was ranged between 3.1 $cells{\cdot}mL^{-1}$ in spring and 521.0 $cells{\cdot}mL^{-1}$ in winter. It fluctuated with an annual mean of 76.0 $cells{\cdot}mL^{-1}$ between the lowest value of 7.6 $cells{\cdot}mL^{-1}$ in spring and the highest value of 220.2 $cells{\cdot}mL^{-1}$ by Skeletonema costatum-like species in winter. Briefly, the phytoplankton cell density in the mixing seasons was higher in comparison with the other seasons. According to the PCA, the biological oceanographic characteristics of the Jangsu bay was affected by the introduction of outside seawater particularly in temperature increasing seasons, and the other seasons, it may be described the light intensity, and mix between inner and outer bay sea waters.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.243-274
• /
• 2013

To investigate the research state and characteristics of dinoflagellate cyst along the Korean coastal waters, this work analyzed 45 studies conducted in the Korean coasts and basin, the south of Jeju, East China Sea including some part of the Yellow Sea. It was found that the research on dinoflagellate cyst began in the later half of the 1980s in Korea, and that the research areas focused on eutrophied regions where a red tide occurred or on the seas where coastal development occurred. In other words, no research on the East Sea was found. In terms of research contents, there were various studies on analysis of cyst assemblage, tracking of the changes in marine environment like process of eutrophication, roles as a seed population in occurrence of a red tide, creation of cyst by use of sediment trip and tracking of its changes, morphological changes by the change of pH concentration in the hypoxia zone of eutrophied region, germination of a specific species, and other international-level studies. Species composition and cell density also varied in the Korean coastal waters. However, much research on dinoflagellate cyst in Korea is not systematic, and is fragmentary and individual and hencesuffers from great limitations. The research results so far have focused only on specific regions, and sporadic research had been conducted by specific research groups. Dinoflagellate cyst of surface sediments represents the accumulation index of pelagic environment in the sea and is a useful index to understand the marine environment efficiently. In conclusion, Korea requires organized human resources and collaborative research on dinoflagellate cyst which in turn should be considered as a component of marine ecosystem and as an essential aspect of marine biology.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.15 no.10
• /
• pp.6388-6398
• /
• 2014

To understand size fractioned chlorophyll a and material cycle characteristics in Jeju marine ranching area (JMRA), 4 times of survey were conducted from April to November 2008. Picoplankton on the surface in JMRA was on average, $0.30{\mu}g/L$(annual mean(M):17.3%) in the $0.03{\sim}0.84{\mu}g/L$ range, accounting for 17.3%. Nannoplankton and picoplankton was on average, $1.35{\mu}g/L$(M:78.0%) in the $0.22{\sim}3.93{\mu}g/L$ range, and $1.73{\mu}g/L$(M:4.7%) in the nd ~ 0.24 range, respectively. The 10m layer was similar to the surface. The measured values changed according to the measurement times but the nanoplankton composition ratio was higher throughout the year. In addition, the size fractioned chlorophyll a distribution in JMRA was similar to that of tropical sea area affected by the Monsoon rather than South Korean offshore coast geographically adjacent to the East China Sea and Japan coastal waters affected by the Kuroshio/Tsushima warm currents. That is, the material cycle of JMRA consists of a microbial food web rather than traditional food chain at a lower trophic levels. Primary production is deemed to have a higher possibility of being adjusted by top-down dynamics, such as micro-zooplankton grazing pressure rather than nutrients supply.