• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.60-81
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• 2008

This thesis is written about the causes, the processes and the treatments of edema. It consists of 31 chapters. Covering 11 chapters, there are prescriptions and constructions. When one of the organs fails to work metabolizing water, you can have edema. It is the result of the accumulation of excess fluid under the skin. Edema most commonly occurs in the head facial, the palpebral portion, the feet and legs or all the body. Sometimes it is accompanied with ascites. There are three classifications in the thesis. First, according to the cause and the symptom of disease, it is divided into 5 types. Type 1. The swelling caused by the disorder of the lungs from the troubling wind. Type 2. The swelling caused by the weak spleen. Type 3. The swelling caused by abnormal condition between the kidneys and the lungs. Type 4. The swelling in abdomen caused by the weak kidneys. Type 5. The swelling (Yellow sweat) caused by the heat inside body as water outside. Second, the swelling and the abnormal symptom of five viscera. Third, the swelling accompanied with menstruation in female and with chilliness. In short, the original textbook is showed that the treatment of edema focuses on the cause and the region of fluid accumulation. When the swelling is in the upper body or the cause of diseaseis outside, the useless humidity can be expelled through sweating. On the other hand, when the swelling is in the lower body or the cause of disease is inside, it is pushed out by urination. In this book, the author presents further treatments. And these treatments are often cited by doctors after ages. Even one of them suggested that the swelling be divided by cosmic dual forces. In spite of many researches, it is too complicate for us to understand the writer’s intend. For that reason, comparing with other medical books and referring to guides explained by doctors, I have studied the textbook to help understand.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.203-210
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• 2005

표본(標本) 근결(根結) 기가(氣街)와 경기(經氣)의 작용(作用)을 종합적(綜合的)으로 연구(硏究)한 결과(結果) 다음과 같은 결론(結論)을 얻었다. 1. 표본(標本) 근결(根結) 기가(氣街)의 이론은 경맥(經脈)에서 사지(四肢)와 두면(頭面), 구간(軀幹)의 밀접한 관계를 설명한 것으로 십이경맥(十二經脈)의 본부(本部), 족삼음(足三陰) 족삼양(足三陽)의 근부(根部) 및 기가(氣 街)중 경기(脛氣)는 모두 사지(四肢)의 주슬이하에 있고, 표부(標部)와 결부(結部) 및 기가(氣街) (흉기(胸氣), 복기(腹氣) 두기(頭氣))는 모두 두면(頭面)과 구간(軀幹)에 있음을 알 수 있다. 2. 사지말단(四肢末端)에서 두면(頭面), 구간(軀幹), 내장(內臟)에 영향을 주는 것은 십이경맥(十二經脈)의 원기(元氣)의 작용을 통해 알 수 있다. 3. 사지주슬관절이하의 수혈은 특히 원부주치(遠部主治)를 갖고 있는데 육음경맥(六陰經脈)의 본장병(本臟病)에는 해당 음경맥(陰經脈)의 원혈(原穴)(유혈(兪穴)), 배유차(背兪次), 흉모혈(胸募穴)을 사용할 수 있으며 륙양경맥(六陽經脈)의 본장병(本臟病)에는 해당 양경맥(陽經脈)의 육부하합혈(六腑下合穴), 배유혈(背兪穴), 흉모혈(胸募穴)을 사용할 수 있다. 4. 표본(標本) 근결(根結) 기가(氣街)의 이론에서 사지(四肢) 주슬관절이하의 본부(本部)와 근부(根部)의 혈위(穴位)는 그 혈위(穴位)가 있는 부위의 질병(疾病)도 치료할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 두,(頭) 면(面), 흉,(胸) 배부(背部)의 질환도 치료할 수 있는데 경맥(經脈)과 장부(臟腑)가 밀접한 관련이 되고 경기(經氣)가 상하(上下), 내외(內外)로 상응하고 있어서 사지(四肢)의 주슬관절 이하(본부(本部), 근부(根部))의 혈(穴)을 취혈(取穴), 자침(刺鍼)하여 원위부(遠位部)(표부(標部), 결부(結部))에 발생한 질병을 치료한다. 이는 침구임상(鍼灸臨床)에서 응용되고 있는 원격취혈(遠隔取穴)과 국소취혈(局所取穴)의 중요한 이론적 근거가 된다.

• 한국지형학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.99-108
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• 2012

천연기념물 500호인 목포 갓바위의 지형 및 지질학적 특성을 파악하기 위하여 규모, 형태, 광물 조성, 화학 조성, 풍화 상태 등을 분석하였다. 갓바위 해안지형은 전형적인 침식지형으로 해식절벽, 해식노치, 해식대지, 타포니, 해식노치 등의 지형이 발달해 있다. 해식절벽은 수직적 경사를 보이고, 기저부는 파식에 의해 해식노치를 형성하며, 폭 3.5m 너비 20m 내외의 해식대지, 벌집구조의 타포니가 발달하여있다. 갓바위 암석의 주 구성 광물은 석영, 사장석, 미사장석, 흑운모, 견운모 등으로 구성되며, 석영과 장석이 우세한 결정질 응회암이다. 화학 조성은 $Al_2O_3$ 23.60~28.27 wt.%, $Na_2O$ 3.27~5.80 wt.%, Cl 0.11~0.20 wt.%로 지각평균보다 높다. 화학적 풍화지수(CAI)는 77.42~83.93%로 상당한 풍화가 진행되었다. 갓바위 자연경관의 관광 및 교육적 활용 방안으로 안내판 설치, 관찰 망원경 비치, 전문 해설사의 교육 및 활용, 유관 기관들과 연계한 교육프로그램 개발, 관광 상품 개발, 교과서나 참고서의 관련 삽화로 적극 활용할 필요성이 있다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.220-234
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to investigate the knowledge and attitude of a group of mothers who had infants about baby bottle tooth decay(BBTD) and dental caries prevention. The sample consisted of 261 mothers who had infants from 6 to 36 months from certain areas of Dae-jeon city. The mothers were asked to answer a questionnaire which included a series of questions regarding general information cencerning the infant and his mother, knowledge about BBTD and methods of prevention using fluoride, knowledge about behavioral risk factors contributing to caries of the infant, attitude toward oral health care of the infant, opinions regarding the effectiveness of methods to prevent dental caries and sources of oral health information. he results of this study were as follow. 1. 85.4% of the respondents thought that prolonged bottle feeding would harm the teeth of the infant, but 77% of the respondents had never heard of baby bottle tooth decay. 2. Levels of knowledge about methods of prevention using fluoride were relatively low and there were significant relationships between the levels of this knowledge and the educational level of the respondents(P<0.05). 3. Only 7.3% of the respondents thought that prolonged breast feeding would harm the teeth of the infant. 4. Overall oral health care of the infants was relatively insufficient. 5. Only 28.7% of the respondents selected either when the first tooth erupt or deciduous dentition complete as the time a infant should first be seen by a dentist. 6. 64.6% of the respondents thought that toothbrushing should be instituted once the first tooth appears. 7. Among the six methods of preventing caries in infants, respondents ranked the effective of fluoride lower than making regular dental visits and reducing intake of sugared foods. 8. Most frequently cited sources of information about dental health were newspapers, magazines and books(65%), followed by friends, neighborhoods and families (55%).

• 감성과학
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.59-70
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• 2016

아동복 시장에서 질적인 소비의 성장과 함께 육아 예능 TV 프로그램이 대중들의 인기를 끌고 있다. 본 연구는 유아동의 자녀가 있는 구매자인 30대와 잠재적 구매자인 20대들을 대상으로 육아 예능 TV 프로그램 시청 상황을 조사하고 육아 예능 TV 프로그램 시청이 유아동복 쇼핑 성향과의 연관성을 분석하였다. 본 연구는 문헌고찰을 통한 이론적 연구와 설문조사를 통한 실증적 연구를 병행하였다. 이론적 연구는 유아동복 쇼핑 성향에 관한 서적, 인터넷 뉴스, 국내 선행 논문 등을 바탕으로 조사하였으며 설문조사는 유아동의 자녀가 있는 30대 100명, 잠재적 구매자인 20대 101명을 대상으로 조사하였다. SPSS통계분석 결과 다음과 같이 나타났다. 첫째, 육아 예능 TV 프로그램 시청시간이 길수록 아동복 구매 시 육아 예능 TV 스타 동조성향이 크게 나타났다. 육아 예능 TV 프로그램 시청에 대한 선호도가 높을수록 아동복 구매 시 육아 예능 TV 스타 동조성향이 크게 나타났다. 둘째, 자녀가 있는 소비자뿐만 아니라 잠재적 소비자 역시 아동복 구매 시 육아 예능 TV 프로그램의 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 연구 결과로 추측해 볼 때, 육아 예능 TV 프로그램 시청이 유아동복 쇼핑 시 육아 예능 TV 스타를 따라하고 싶은 동조성향에 큰 영향을 준다는 것을 볼 수 있었다. 이에 따라 유아동복 제품에 대한 육아 예능 TV 프로그램의 노출이 현재 소비자와 미래 소비자의 구매에 긍정적으로 작용하고 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.662-675
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• 2018

Objective: The aim of this study was to establish the developmental history of hospice palliative care (HPC) with Korean medicine (KM). Methods: We compared the developmental history of HPC in Korea with that of Britain, the United States, Taiwan, Japan, and China. The articles in English or Korean published until Feb. 2017 were searched using 'Hospice' or 'Palliative care' with the name of each nation in the PubMed, MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, and CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) databases for foreign articles and OASIS (Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System) for domestic articles. Books and gray literature were searched on the same databases and websites of the Ministry of Health and Welfare and related organizations in each country. Results: Modern palliative care began with the hospice movement led by Dr. Cicely Saunders. HPC in Korea started earlier than in other countries but it took considerable time for social consensus, so Korean policies have only been published recently. In this process, KM was excluded from HPC. For this reason, western medicine in Korea does not fully accept the spirit of HPC, the government does not take an aggressive stance with KM, and the institutes of KM do not have any interest in HPC. The World Health Organization recommends the establishment of policies and programs connected with a country's own health care system. In 2015, the Korean government made the third comprehensive plan for the development of KM. It included critical pathway guidelines about cancer-related fatigue and anorexia. More effort is required to set up HPC than other care types because Korea has two medical systems. Conclusions: Each nation has been trying to improve systems of HPC. We need to overcome the problems and bring out the best by making our own model of HPC with KM.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.1327-1334
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• 2014

도로, 철도, 하천 등 선형형태 사회기반시설물 사업들은 일반적으로 행정구역을 가로지르고, 길이는 수 km에서 수백 km 이상이며 폭이 좁고 길이가 긴 사업들로 사업승인을 위한 지형도면고시 작성을 위해 낱장 도곽 형태가 아닌 연속지적도를 사용한다. 2009년에 제정된 통합법인 측량 수로조사 및 지적에 관한법률은 사업승인을 위한 설계 및 시공도서 작성과 지형도의 좌표계를 세계측지계를 적용하도록 하고 있다. 그러나 통합법 부칙 제5조에 따라 지적은 지역좌표계를 유지하고 있어 연속지적도를 이용한 지형도면고시 내용의 기술적 오류가 발생한 경우 행정처분으로서 고시의 효력 여부, 그리고 토지경계에 대한 책임 문제가 제기되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 그 원인을 분석하고 선형형태 사업의 특성을 고려한 좌표변환 및 보정을 실시한 후, 그 결과를 기존에 구축된 연속지적도에 반영, 지형도면고시 절차 개선으로 이어질 수 있도록 제시하였다.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.85-98
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• 2015

Modern fashion shows the trend of various styles and the period focusing on only product functions is changed to the period focusing on consumer's sensibility. Consumers show different sensitivities and preference by individual at the stage cognizing and recognizing the stimulation of given image and the method of objective measurement based on the fashion sensible vocabularies is necessary to measure fashion sensibility. Therefore, this research is significant to examine differences of preference to classic fashion by generation and awareness for sensible vocabularies and suggest methodology of design sensible evaluation research through the quantitative evaluation objectifying subjective sensibility. For the method of research, precedent theses related to classic, concept and characteristics of classic in books and definition and characteristics by generation were examined, the best 3 domestic portal sites were selected and adjective vocabularies and images related to classic were collected from 2010 to 2014. Among the 206 adjectives collected, vocabularies whose average is more than 3.5 were drawn by 5-point Likert scale for fashion expert group. And, among the total 306 images collected, 21 representative images were selected by preliminary investigation of fashion expert group. For the classic images and vocabularies selected, frequency analysis, factor analysis and variance analysis were conducted by SPSS 19.0. The results of analysis are as follows. Preference to classic fashion image by generation was analyzed. As a result, both of two generations selected classic fashion as the most classic one. The images of the next orders were analyzed. As a result, Y generation selected basic classic fashion image which is casual with high activity as a classic one. Baby boom generation selected ancient classic fashion image, so there were differences in preference for classic by generation. As a factor analysis on classic adjective vocabularies, they could be divided into 5 factors such as basic form, attractive form, traditional form, vintage form and active form and they verified that credibility of all measuring variables for classic sensible vocabularies was achieved. Differences of classic sensible vocabularies by classic fashion image and generation were examined. As a result, generation and classic fashion image made a significant effect on five factors. Therefore, there were differences of the awareness on classic fashion images and sensible vocabularies among the generations and this thesis can be a fundamental material which objectifies subjective sensibility and suggests the methodology of new research.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.288-297
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• 2003

This study was attempted to find out the actual conditions about drug education among the elementary school teachers. Subjects consisted of nurse-teachers 175, class-room teachers 240 and athletics teachers 53 at the elementary schools in Pusan city. The data collecting period was December 23th through December 28th, 2002 and the collected data were analyzed by SPSSWIN 10.0 program using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and $x^2$-test. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The importance of the drug education in special curriculum has been agreed with 96.0% of nurse-teachers, 90.4% of classroom teachers and 92.4% of athletics teachers. 2. For the drug education, nurse-teachers used to get information through the professional knowledge books(61.1%), and internet (33.1%), on the other hand class-room teachers(80.0%) and athletics teachers (48.9%) used to get information from various media. 3. Until now, the drug education has been performed by 80.6% of nurse-teachers, 34.2% of class-room teachers and 41.5% of athletics teachers. After drug education, the results of self-evaluation showed that 73.8% of nurse-teachers and 51.9% of athletics teachers were satisfied with it, but 69.5% of class-room teachers were not. In terms of the education methodology, most nurse-teachers(85.8%) usually used both verbal lecture and multi-media materials for teaching, but class-room teachers(97.8%) and athletics teachers(81.8%) just gave the verbal lecture. 4. About practical difficulties of drug education, the biggest problem was the absence of no systematic curriculum for nurse-teachers(22.9%), the insufficient expert knowledge for class-room teachers (26.3%) and a lack of education materials for athletics teachers(37.7%). The subjects were responded that the well-qualified personnel in charge of drug education in elementary school were nurse-teachers (52.0%) or nurse-teachers and class-room teachers.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.50-60
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• 2020

건설프로젝트 초기 단계의 사업비 추정치는 사업지의 결정이나 공사 기간과 같은 중요한 사항에서 사업자의 의사결정에 상당한 영향을 미친다. 그러나 초기 단계는 설계도서나 시방서 등의 정보가 부족한 채로 진행되기 때문에 신뢰도 있게 수행하기 어렵다. 기존 연구에서는 초기 공사비를 예측하기 위해 사례기반추론을 사용했으며, 그 중 조회 단계의 가중치를 계산하는 방법으로 유전자 알고리즘을 사용했다. 그러나 기존 유전자 알고리즘은 임의의 수로 연산하기 때문에 현재해보다 좋은 성능을 내기 힘들다는 한게가 있다. 이러한 한계를 극복하기 위해 임의의 수가 아닌 상관분석을 이용한 상관계수를 지역탐색의 방법으로 유전자 알고리즘에 반영하고, 지역탐색과 유전자 알고리즘을 결합한 혼합형 유전자 알고리즘으로 가중치를 산정한다. 산정한 가중치를 사용하여 사례기반추론 모델을 개발하고 데이터를 통해 유효성을 검증하였다. 그 결과, 지역탐색을 적용한 혼합형 GA-CBR이 기존 GA-CBR보다 우수한 성능을 보인 것으로 확인되었다.