• 대한가정학회지
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• 제38권8호
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• pp.13-27
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• 2000

The background of single animal figures was originated from those northern mounted nomadic groups, which was Scythe style Culture. The art of the nomads working in the Scythian idiom was small in size and essentially decorative in intention, yet practically every object which can be associated with any unit in this group of people possesses many of the attributes essential to a real work of art. Clarity of conception, purity of form, co-ordination of rhythm and balance, and not least, an understanding and respect for the material employed were triumphantly blended by the Eurasian nomads to produce a distinctive style. In Scythian art the multitude of animal representations well illustrates the reoccupation of this nomadic people with animals in their environment. Usually only wild animals are represented. Commonly depicted are: stags and deer, lions or other large cats, eagles, birds heads (perhaps of ravens), griffins, snakes, hares, fish, goats, rams, boars, moose (elk), yak, sheep and bears. The occasional exception to the wild animal rule is domesticated horses-important because the Scythians were horse bleeders and their whole culture revolved around their dependence on the horse. The nomads had little reason to create object in honour of gods or men, but they had an instinct for beauty and the wish to surround themselves with the animal forms in which they had come to delight The Scytians tried to combine in a single rendering all the salient points of the animal they were delineating. They archived considerable success in the difficult task of showing in a single image the various and often incompatible poses assumed by a single animal in the course of its life. Zoomorphic motifs were used not simple for decorative effect, but to trim the object into amulets, with magical power to assist in hunting, and to protect the owner from harm.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.605-614
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• 2012

최근 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 기술 분야 중 사용자의 정보 속성이 매우 민감한 u-헬스케어가 의료분야에서 각광을 받고 있다. u-헬스케어는 개인 건강/의료 정보를 포함한 극히 개인적인 정보를 다루고 있기 때문에 보안 및 프라이버시 측면에서 다양한 취약점 존재 및 위협에 노출되어 있다. 본 논문에서는 환자가 소유하고 있는 휴대장치(PDAs나 휴대용 컴퓨터)를 제 3자가 불법적으로 악용하여 환자의 정보를 훼손하는 것을 예방하기 위한 RFID 기반의 환자정보 보호 프로토콜을 제안한다. 제안 프로토콜은 사전에 관리 서버에 등록된 병원(의사, 간호사, 약국 등)의 권한 정보에 따라 환자의 개인정보에 접근할 수 있도록 병원(의사, 간호사, 약국 등)의 권한을 계층적으로 분리하여 병원이 최소한의 업무를 수행하도록 한다. 특히, 게이트웨이 역할하는 관리 서버는 접근 허가가 승인된 환자 정보 이외에 허가받지 않은 정보에 대해서 제 3자가 쉽게 접근하지 못하도록 주기적으로 접근 허용 키를 생성하여 환자의 인증 및 관리의 효율성을 향상시키고 있다.

• 스마트미디어저널
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.56-63
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• 2015

최신 GPU는 프로세서 내부에 포함된 다수의 코어를 활용하여 높은 병렬처리가 가능하다. GPU의 높은 병렬성을 활용하는 기법 중 하나인 GPGPU 구조는 GPU에서 대부분의 CPU의 작업을 처리가 가능하게 해주며, GPU의 높은 병렬성과 하드웨어자원을 효과적으로 활용할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 다양한 벤치마크 프로그램을 활용하여 CTA(Cooperative Thread Array) 할당 개수 변화에 따른 메모리 효율성과 성능을 분석하고자 한다. 실험결과, CTA 할당 개수 증가에 따라 다수의 벤치마크 프로그램에서 성능이 향상되었지만, 일부 벤치마크 프로그램에서는 CTA 할당 개수 증가에 따른 성능 향상이 발생하지 않았다. 이러한 이유로는 벤치마크 프로그램에서 생성된 CTA 개수가 적거나 동시에 수행할 수 있는 CTA 개수가 정해져 있기 때문으로 판단된다. 또한, 각 벤치마크 프로그램별로 메모리 채널 정체에 따른 메모리 스톨, 내부연결망 정체에 따른 메모리 스톨, 파이프라인의 메모리 단계에서 발생하는 스톨을 분석하여 성능과의 연관성을 파악하였다. 본 연구의 분석결과는 GPGPU 구조의 병렬성 및 메모리 효율성 향상을 위한 연구에 대한 정보로 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국시스템다이내믹스연구
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.5-29
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• 2015

The importance of the concept of safety culture has increased in the security of high-risk facility after Chernobyl accident in 1986. This paper elaborated the concept of safety culture and its main factors by Causal Loop Diagram. Due to the decline of safety culture, the occurrence of incidents and accidents require more and more corrective actions to the members of high-risk facilities and thereby increasing their workloads. Employees who must complete the task within the given time have to have time pressures and don't comply with the rules and procedures. Also, a schedule pressure is a big stress for employees, causing mistakes in precision work. In order to improve these problems, CLD of the safety culture in this paper suggests hiring more workers, re-allocation of given workloads and strengthen the learning, communication capabilities and safety leadership. In addition, the two real accident cases were analyzed to test the feasibility of the System Dynamic simulation model through the process of structuring the fault trees on the stationary black out accident in Kori unit 1 in South Korea and Kleen Energy power station explosion in US. The simulation results show that the various safety factors cause the serious accident combined with mechanical failure and safety culture will reduce the possibility of the accidents in these high-risk organizations. This simulation model can contribute to analyzing the impact of the organizational and human factors of safety culture and can provide the alternatives in high-risk facilities.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제6권8호
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• pp.939-951
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• 2010

A low-cost wireless sensor network (WSN) solution with highly expandable super and simple nodes was developed. The super node was designed as a sensing unit as well as a receiving terminal with low energy consumption. The simple node was designed to serve as a cheaper alternative for large-scale deployment. A 12-bit ADC inputs and DAC outputs were reserved for sensor boards to ease the sensing integration. Vibration and thermal field tests of the Chi-Lu Bridge were conducted to evaluate the WSN's performance. Integral acceleration, temperature and tilt sensing modules were constructed to simplify the task of long-term environmental monitoring on this bridge, while a star topology was used to avoid collisions and reduce power consumption. We showed that, given sufficient power and additional power amplifier, the WSN can successfully be active for more than 7 days and satisfy the half bridge 120-meter transmission requirement. The time and frequency responses of cables shocked by external force and temperature variations around cables in one day were recorded and analyzed. Finally, guidelines on power characterization of the WSN platform and selection of acceleration sensors for structural health monitoring applications were given.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2005

Nanotechnology has penetrated into the various branches of research and development and it is particularly of benefit to the particle size engineering. It has been widely known that the particle size of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) is critical in determining the bioavailability and processability of pharmaceutical formulation. However, the window of appropriate particle size has been limited mainly due to related processing difficulties. The windows have been widened by the recent development of nanotechnologies, resulting in diversified drug delivery systems. The impact of this development is far more fundamental than what can be expected from conventional particle size engineering. It is the case that the preparation and use of nanoparticles will soon be a common task in the particle engineering step of pharmaceutical unit operations. In this chapter, the basic principles of variouspreparation techniques will be discussed in detail. Regardless of processing details, the preparation methods of pharmaceutical nanoparticles mainly concern how to deal with the extra energy related with particle size. Depending on the ways of treating the e103 energy, preparation methods can be classified into two major classes, i.e.. thermodynamic and kinetic approaches. The recent progresses have shown the possibilities of much more complex combinations of different approaches and the use of new types of energy and nanostructures.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.87-92
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• 2020

GPGPU(General-Purpose GPU)는 수만 단위의 스레드들을 병렬적으로 수행하여 성능을 최대화시킬 수 있지만, 실질적으로는 스레드들을 그룹화하여 스레드블록(Thread Block) 단위로 작업을 정의하고 GPGPU 하드웨어 자원의 할당 단위로 활용한다. 이러한 역할을 담당하는 스레드블록 스케줄러는 GPGPU내에 하드웨어적으로 구현되어 있으며, 스레드블록들을 하드웨어 자원들에게 라운드로빈 방식으로 할당한다. 그런데, 라운드로빈 정책은 단순 순차 할당 방식으로서 GPGPU 하드웨어 자원의 활용도에 최적화되어 있지 않다. 본 논문에서는 다양한 스레드블록 스케줄링 방식의 성능을 정량적으로 분석할 수 있는 스레드블록 스케줄러 모델을 제안하고, 구현된 시뮬레이터의 성능 결과를 통해 기존 GPGPU의 스레드블록 스케줄링 방식이 작업 부하가 높은 경우에는 적합하지 않음을 보이고자 한다.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제8B권6호
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• pp.699-704
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 혼성 모듈 구조의 recurrent 시간지연신경회로망(time-delay neural network)과 HMM(hidden Markov model)을 결합한 음성인식을 위한 새로운 구조에 대해 연구하였다. 시간지연신경회로망에서는 윈도우 크기를 확장하는 것이 인식률 향상에 유리하므로 이를 위해 첫 번째 은닉층에 궤환 구조를 사용하여 윈도우 크기를 실제로 크게 하지 않고도 동일한 효과를 얻을 수 있도록 하였다. 다음 이 시간지연신경망에서 입력된 음소의 특징 벡터의 시간에 따라 변화하는 성질을 잘 처리 할 수 있도록 시간지연신경회로망의 입력층을 복수의 상태로 나누어 음소특징의 시간축에 대한 각 상태마다 특징 감지기를 갖도록 하였다. 이때 시간지연신경회로망은 전체 음성인식 영역에 적용될 수 있도록 모듈 방식의 구조로 구성되었다. 그리고 이 모듈 구조 시간지연신경망의 출력 벡터를 HMM에 연결하여 서로 결합 하므로써 양 구조의 장점을 취하는 혼성 구조의 인식시스템을 구성하였고 이때 이 혼성 구조에서 효율적으로 적용할 수 있는 HMM 파라미터 smoothing 방법을 제시하였다.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.59-68
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• 2014

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of BackJoy on how it effectively reduces the physical load generated in a posture in which the user sits, increases user's comfort and satisfaction, and maintains the correct posture. Background: Because of development of science and economic development, most office workers and students spend about 75% of their working time in chairs. However most of them have a poor posture. Method: This experiment conducted measurement using a pressure mat and surveyed to evaluate fatigue level, satisfaction and comfort of sit. The study is experimented 20 male and 14 female participants. The participants carried out four different types of tasks and each task took 20 minutes long. Results: In the case of experiment results before and after the use of BackJoy, average pressure, contact area and pressure per unit area appear to prove that using BackJoy is more effective. Conclusion: Through this study, the BackJoy's effects for the maintenance of good posture and loads that occur in the body are reduced. In the future study, there are some researches needed for various verifications using an EMG sensor that shows loads of vertebrae and we need to analyze each group of the participants by dividing them. Application: The evaluation method used in this study can be applied to evaluating ergonomic chairs.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.81-98
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• 2003

In modern society, there are diverse sorts of VIPs including a king and individuals. Some like a king or president are in need of professional secret services, and others become VIPs by being guarded by a bodyguard company at their own request. The former is called a public guard, and the latter is a private one. In the field of the public guard, the nation should be furnished with a guard system in consideration of political circumstances to protect VIPs. That is, the parliamentary cabinet system and presidential system call for a different guard system, and the guard system's professional features vary to some degree with political situations and cultural climate. If the ultimate goal of guard is to protect the chief of the democratic and open state in a most efficient and safe manner, it's mandatorily necessary to set up a professional and specialized guard organization to provide democratic and efficient secret services. It's desired that the domestic presidential guard division should be staffed with not only expert guards but other personnels dispatched from the military and police. In the police, guard mission is splitted among various guard and security agencies, including the National Police Agency's public security bureau or the Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency's public security division, 101 security unit, mobile police and 22 special guard division. As a chain of command is separated and it's difficult to manage such organizations effectively, the National Police Agency should be exclusively in charge of VIP guard and security. In the area of private guard, the private police system has shared national security task as a middle organization between the private police and private guard. But now its intent has gradually weakened, and its mission should be redefined. In addition, the way people look at private guard should change, and they should be well informed that it could serve to prevent possible crimes, protect them against crimes and get rid of their inconveniences. To make a good impression on people, the guard associations and businesses should put their efforts into reinforcing publicity activities, and the government, academic circles and press should team up with them as well.