• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.531-544
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze tasks for mathematical competencies in the 8th grade mathematics textbooks based on the 2015 revised mathematics curriculum. And our study is based on the distribution of competencies of tasks for mathematical competencies in the 8th grade mathematics textbooks The results of this study were as follows. First, there are distributed in order, in general, geometry unit, letter expression unit, function unit among 8th grade mathematics textbooks for mathematical competencies. Second, there are unbalanced distribution of mathematical competencies among in 8th grade 'mathematics' textbooks. Lastly, there are comprised of textbooks focused on specific elements among subelements of tasks for mathematical competencies in the textbooks.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.5-9
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• 2015

A teaching hospital is a place where both patient care and learning occur together. To identify the role of the teaching hospital in an effective clerkship, we first determined the features of workplace learning and the factors that affect learning in the workplace, and then we proposed a role for the teaching hospital in the clinical clerkship. Features of learning in a clerkship include learning in context, and learning from patients, supervising doctors, others in the team, and colleagues. During the clerkship, medical students learn in three-way learner-patient-teacher relationships, and students' participation in the tasks of patient care is crucial for learning. Factors that influence learning in the workplace are associated with tasks, context, and learner. Tying the three factors together, we proposed a role for the teaching hospital in the three categories: involvement in the tasks of patient care, engagement in the medical team, and engagement in the learning environment and system. Supervising doctors and team members in a teaching hospital support students' deep participation in patient care, while improving the learning environment through organizational guidelines and systems. Gathering both qualitative and quantitative data for the evaluation of a teaching hospital is important.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.375-387
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• 2010

The focus of this article is the strategies young children use to solve rectangular covering tasks before they have been taught area measurement. seventy nine children from Grade 1 to 4 were observed while they solved various array-based tasks, and their drawing and explanation were collected and analyzed. Children's solution strategies were classified into incomplete covering, inadequate array, array constructed from moveable unit, measurement of one dimension, measurement of two dimension, and calculation. Implications for the learning of area measurement are addressed.

• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.23-33
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• 2024

This study was conducted to analyze the characteristics of three high-exposure tasks performed by radiation workers in Korean pressurized water reactors (PWRs) and to identify factors that reduce their exposure during work. Three high-exposure tasks were selected based on a previous study. In this previous study, nozzle dam installation and removal, eddy current testing, and manway opening and closing were determined as high-exposure tasks through normalization (radiation dose per unit time). Based on the analysis of the characteristics of the high-exposure tasks in this study, the high-exposure tasks were steam generator-related tasks performed inside and outside the water chamber. This study analyzed the reduction factors for high-exposure tasks and suggested improvements in terms of time, distance, and shielding. The use of the characteristics of high-exposure tasks and their dose reduction factors enables Korean PWRs to optimize radiation protection for workers who receive relatively high doses.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.250-257
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• 2017

Background: Tasks involved in traditional charcoal production expose workers to various levels of charcoal dust and wood smoke. This study aimed to identify specific tasks influencing lung function and respiratory symptoms. Methods: Interviews, direct observation, and task/symptom checklists were used to collect data from 50 charcoal-production workers on 3 nonwork days followed by 11 workdays. The peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) was measured four times per day. Results: The PEFR was reduced and the prevalence of respiratory symptoms increased over the first 6-7 workdays. The PEFR increased until evening on nonwork days but not on workdays. Loading the kiln and collecting charcoal from within the kiln markedly reduced the PEFR and increased the odds of respiratory symptoms. Conclusion: Tasks involving entry into the kiln were strongly associated with a short-term drop in the PEFR and the occurrence of respiratory symptoms, suggesting a need for the use of protective equipment and/or the operation of an effective kiln ventilation system.

• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.239-256
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• 2023

The classification of the radiation work performed in Korean nuclear power plants (NPPs) must be understood to provide workers with more comprehensive radiation protection. This study used annual reports on occupational exposure to investigate and analyze the similarities and differences in the radiation work performed in Korean NPPs with pressurized water reactors (PWRs) and pressurized heavy water reactors (PHWRs). The results showed that the radiation work performed in Korean NPPs could be classified into three categories. Category 1 contains work at the highest level. This work can be divided into individual tasks belonging to Category 2, which enables the evaluation of the radiation dose during the work. The work in Category 2 consists of tasks from Category 3, which contains basic detailed tasks that are not further subdivided. This study emphasized the need for the systematic management of the radiation work performed in both Korean PWRs and PHWRs, such as the tasks in Category 3, which are similar, with similar working conditions, for PWRs and PHWRs. It also suggested the need to establish a list of radiation work for decommissioning because Kori Unit 1 and Wolsong Unit 1 are currently in permanent shutdown and preparations are being made for their decommissioning.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.07d
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• pp.2483-2485
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• 2003

As design a network system that should command and response to do tasks by PLC, to make factory automation for being distributed facilities which are not guaranteed procedure, through polling method, commands are send orderly by PLC and responses are answered by each sub-unit. It make a guarantee of sequence and drive a master-slave operation in network. This method help to distribute procedure systems and make possible dividing tasks to each unit. To make this method, network protocol's format have Master or Slave ID and tasking data and Master's command or Slave unit's report. In network interpret algorithm, skip algorithm are included and it make guarantee of protecting data though network are in noise. Data that are made by this method are send to PC to transmit long-distance user by internet.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.10-22
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was performed to establish the role and to analyze the job of MFICU (Maternal Fetal Intensive Care Unit) nurses using DACUM (Developing a curriculum). Methods: A DACUM workshop was held to define MFICU nurses' role and identify their duties and tasks. A DACUM committee was consisted of 7 nurses, 2 nursing professors and 1 medical doctor and as a result, a survey was developed which contained duties and tasks of MFICU nurse. Pre-test was carried out for the validity, finally collected the data from 97 nurses who worked at 7 MFICU and 10 delivery room. Results: A total of 60 duties, 115 tasks and 822 elements of tasks were defined on the DACUM chart and survey. The importance, frequency and difficulty of the tasks were presented the determinant coefficient (DC), the highest DC duty was 'Manage maternal ventilator' (15.09) and the lowest DC was 'Provide nursing care for leisure to gestation extension mother' (6.52). Twenty-eight tasks were differentiated between MFICU and delivery nurses significantly. And the most important, frequently, difficulty task perceived by MFICU nurse was 'Check fetal heartbeat with electronic fetal heart monitor'. Conclusion: The organized educational program and policy was needed to develop for MFICU nurses.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.465-482
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to explore how pre-service elementary school teachers participate in a course specifically designed to help them learn how to analyze instruction in terms of the levels of cognitive demand of mathematical tasks. This paper describes what prospective teachers learned while reading the cases of "implementing standards-based mathematics instruction", analyzing all tasks of one unit in one elementary mathematics textbook, observing master teachers' mathematics instruction as well as their colleagues during the practicum period, and developing their own cases on the basis of the design and implementation of instruction focused on mathematical tasks. This paper includes various reflections of the prospective teachers.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.1-7
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• 2017

It was shown in speech production studies that the preparation unit of spoken word production is language particular, such as onset phonemes for English and Dutch, syllables for Mandarin Chinese, and morae for Japanese. However, there have been inconsistent results on whether the onset phoneme is a planning unit of spoken word production in Korean. In this study, two sets of experiments investigated possible influences of task demands on the phonological preparation in native Korean adults, namely, implicit priming and word naming with the form preparation paradigm. Only the word naming task, but not the implicit priming task, showed a significant onset priming effect, even though there were significant syllable priming effects in both tasks. Following the attentional theory ($O^{\prime}S{\acute{e}}aghdha$ & Frazer, 2014), these results suggest that task demands might play a role in the absence/presence of onset priming effects in Korean. Native Korean speakers could maintain their attention to the shared onset phonemes in word naming, which is not very demanding, while they have difficulties in allocating their attention to such units in a more cognitive-demanding implicit priming, even though both tasks involve accessing phonological codes. These findings demonstrate that there are cross-linguistic differences in the first selectable unit in preparation of spoken word production, but within a single language, the preparation unit might not be immutable.